Selective microextraction of erythrosine (E127) in foodstuffs using a new generation high-density type-V deep eutectic solvent

A novel and selective (deep eutectic solvent) DES-based microextraction method was established for the first time, utilizing a synthesized new generation High-Density Type-V DES for monitoring the dye Erythrosine (E127) in various foodstuffs and drugs. Type-V DES was created from acetophenone and diphenylamine at 3:1 M ratio. The pH, DES amount, and vortex time were optimized using Box-Behnken Design (BBD) of Response Surface Methodology (RSM). The quadratic microextraction model with R2 = 0.9982 was obtained. The limit of detection, preconcentration factor and linear dynamic range were determined to be 12 ?g/L, 50 and 41–4000 ?g/L, respectively. Effects of matrix components were examined. The developed High-Density Type-V Deep Eutectic Solvent Microextraction (HD-V-DES-ME) method was applied to foodstuffs and drugs to monitor their E127 contents and subsequently validated by applying spiked tests to real samples, with recoveries ranging between 94 and 101 %. The indexes of environmental friendliness and practicality for the method were evaluated using the Analytical GREEnness metric approach tool (AGREE) and the Blue Applicability Grade Index tool (BAGI), respectively. © 2024 Elsevier Lt

Potential of near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) for prediction of acrylamide formation in French fries in the potato breeding process

Breeding goals of potatoes for deep-frying purposes include high starch contents, good suitability for long-term storage, and low tendency to form reducing sugars as acrylamide precursors. Due to the extensive number of samples, an accurate analysis of acrylamide in French fries and its precursors in tubers is difficult to implement in the breeding process. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the suitability of NIRS measurements after minimal sample processing for the prediction of reducing sugar contents in the tubers or acrylamide contents in French fries. An external validation with more than 650 samples consisting of 194 potato genotypes resulted in a prediction accuracy of 51 % for acrylamide and 76 % for reducing sugar content. RPD values of less than 1.5 for acrylamide and between 1.64 and 2.23 for reducing sugar prediction rendered low medium to medium model quality. Nevertheless, acrylamide prediction models based on NIRS measurement of mashed tubers categorised over 80 % of unknown samples correctly as being below or above the European threshold value, indicating suitability as rapid test procedure in the breeding process.German Aerospace Center (Deutsches Zentrum fuer Luft- und Raumfahrt, DLR); German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (Bundesministerium fuer Bildung und Forschung, BMBF) [01DL17001A B]; Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkiye (TUBITAK) [ARDEB 115O949, TEYDEB 9150014]We are grateful to the technical staff of the Max Rubner-Institut. Especially we would like to thank Ukhnaa Damdindash, Elke Grothe, Annika Lange, Jorg Niggemeier, Sophia Reh, Rolf Riesenberg, Joel Schafer, Jared Solty, Petra Weitkamp and Claudia Wortmann for their excellent technical assistance. Moreover, we thank Dr. Marcus Schmidt for linguistic revision. This paper is dedicated to Matthias Lange in memoriam, who had technical responsibility of the Potato Group at Max Rubner-Institute during this research. This work was funded by the German Aerospace Center (Deutsches Zentrum fuer Luft- und Raumfahrt, DLR) and the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (Bundesministerium fuer Bildung und Forschung, BMBF) with the Project number 01DL17001A & B. The Turkish side of the project was funded by The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkiye (TUBITAK) with Project numbers ARDEB 115O949 and TEYDEB 9150014

Sparsity-aware complex-valued least mean kurtosis algorithms

Complex-valued least mean kurtosis (CLMK) algorithm and its augmented version (ACLMK) have recently become popular as workhorse tools in the processing of complex-valued signals due to their superior performances. Unfortunately, they are not yet suitable for sparse system identification problems. In this paper, combining the well-known sparsity-promoting strategies into the cost function based on the negated kurtosis of the error signal, we introduce a suit of sparsity-aware CLMK algorithms, named /0 0-norm CLMK (/0-CLMK), / 0-CLMK), / 0-ACLMK, zero-attraction CLMK (ZA-CLMK), ZA-ACLMK, reweighted ZA-CLMK (RZA-CLMK), and RZA-ACLMK. Simulation results on synthetic and real-world sparse system identification scenarios in the complex domain show that the proposed algorithms outperform the existing sparsity-aware algorithms in terms of convergence rate, tracking, and steady-state error

Predicting High Technology Exports of Countries for Sustainable Economic Growth by Using Machine Learning Techniques: The Case of Turkey

In this study, the estimation of high-tech exports for Turkey's foreign trade target in line with sustainable development was carried out. The research was carried out for Turkey since it has been focusing on sustainable and environmentally friendly production and an export-oriented growth model, with a transformation in its economic growth strategy as of 2021, and high-tech products are a determining factor in the export target. In this research, three different machine learning techniques, namely artificial neural networks, logistic regression, and support vector regression, were used to determine a successful prediction method close to the ideal scenario. In the models, high technology exports for the period of 2007-2023 with data obtained from the World Bank were taken as the dependent variable, while the gross national product, number of patents, and research and development expenditures were taken as independent variables. By calculating the R2, MAPE, and MSE metrics, the success of the model with the least error was evaluated, and it was seen that artificial neural networks (ANNs) were the most successful model, with values of 94.2%, 0.011, and 0.073, respectively. The ANN model was followed by support regression and logistic regression.Deanship of Scientific Research under the Vice Presidency for Graduate Studies and Scientific Research of King Faisal University in Saudi Arabia [GRANTA093]This work was supported by the Deanship of Scientific Research under the Vice Presidency for Graduate Studies and Scientific Research of King Faisal University in Saudi Arabia under Project GRANTA093

The mediating role of organizational cynicism in the effect of workplace incivility on work engagement

Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, İşletme Ana Bilim Dalı, Yönetim ve Organizasyon Bilim DalıBu çalışmanın amacı, iş yeri nezaketsizliğinin işe tutkunluğa etkisinde örgütsel sinizmin aracılık rolünü incelemektir. Bu amaçla oluşturulan araştırma modeli kapsamında, bir kamu üniversitesinde görev yapan akademik ve idari personel ana kütle olarak belirlenmiş ve 415 çalışandan anket yöntemi ile veriler toplanmıştır. Araştırma kapsamında değişkenler arasındaki ilişkiler korelasyon analizi ile incelenmiştir. Değişkenler arası doğrudan ve dolaylı etkilerin belirlenebilmesi için PROCESS makrosu kullanılarak regresyon analizleri yapılmıştır. Elde edilen sonuçlar, iş yeri nezaketsizliğinin örgütsel sinizm üzerinde, örgütsel sinizmin de işe tutkunluk üzerinde anlamlı etkisinin olduğunu fakat iş yeri nezaketsizliğinin işe tutkunluk üzerinde anlamlı etkisinin olmadığını göstermiştir. Ayrıca örgütsel sinizmin iş yeri nezaketsizliği ile işe tutkunluk arasında tam aracılık rolü olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Ulusal yazında araştırmaya konu olan işe tutkunluk ve iş yeri nezaketsizliği ilişkisinin sınırlı sayıda ele alındığı görülmüştür. İş yeri nezaketsizliği, örgütsel sinizm ve işe tutkunluk değişkenleri arasındaki ilişkiyi ilk kez ele alan bu çalışmanın alan yazına ve uygulamaya katkı sağlayabileceği düşünülmektedir.The primary objective of this study is to investigate the intermediary function of organizational cynicism in the impact of workplace incivility on work engagement. The research model devised for this purpose focuses on academic and administrative personnel employed at a public university. Data were gathered from 415 employees through survey methodology. Correlation analysis was employed to examine the associations between variables, while regression analyses, utilizing the PROCESS macro, were conducted to discern the direct and indirect effects among the variables. The findings revealed that workplace incivility significantly influenced organizational cynicism and organizational cynicism, in turn, significantly affected work engagement. However, workplace incivility did not exhibit a significant direct impact on work engagement. Furthermore, it was determined that organizational cynicism fully mediated the relationship between workplace incivility and work engagement. Notably, the scholarly discourse on the association between work engagement and workplace incivility, the focal point of this research, remains limited within the national literature. This study, thus, represents a pioneering effort in examining the interplay among workplace incivility, organizational cynicism and work engagement variables. It is anticipated that the insights garnered from this study will make valuable contributions to both academic literature and practical applications in the field

NATO's energy security approach and Eurasia

Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Avrasya Araştırmaları Ana Bilim DalıHidrokarbon enerji kaynakları dünya üzerinde sınırlı seviyede ve sınırlı coğrafyalarda bulunan ancak kullanımı konusunda sınırları zorlayan mücadelelerin verildiği, insanlık tarihinin son iki yüz yıllık döneminde bu mücadelelerin fazlasıyla yaşandığı paylaşım sorunu, uluslararası ilişkilerin de temel belirleyicilerinden biri olmuştur. Refah seviyesi yüksek ülkeler kaynak zengini olsun ya da olmasın bir şekilde enerji paylaşımının bir aktörü olmuştur. Bu aktörler münferiden hareket edebildikleri gibi örgütsel kimlikleri ile de hareket edebilmektedirler. Kuzey Atlantik Antlaşması Örgütü (NATO) enerji konusunda Soğuk Savaş sonrasında, bir anlamda güvenlik algılaması geliştirerek kendine yeni bir misyon edinmiştir. Bu misyon birçok coğrafyada enerji güvenliğinin tesisi bağlamında hayata geçirilmeye çalışılmıştır. Enerji güvenliğini sağlamak için yapısal teşkilatlanmalar, askerî harekâtlar ve politik-diplomatik girişimler bunların başında gelmektedir. NATO'nun bu girişimleri kimi coğrafyada benzer amacı taşısa da genelde aynı sonuçları doğurmamıştır. Bu çalışmada enerji güvenliğine etki eden faktörler kavramsal boyutuna da girilerek izah edilmeye çalışılmıştır. Bu çerçevede NATO'nun enerji güvenliği yaklaşımları, Karadeniz'in kuzeyinde ve Hazar'da güç kullanım opsiyonları ve son Rusya-Ukrayna Savaşı da ele alınmak suretiyle literatüre katkı sunmak amaçlanmıştır. Anahtar Kelimeler: Enerji Güvenliği, NATO, Rusya, Karadeniz, HazarThe issue of sharing, where hydrocarbon energy resources are available at limited levels and in limited geographies in the world, but in which there have been struggles pushing the limits regarding their use, and where these struggles have been experienced extensively in the last two hundred years of human history, has become one of the main determinants of international relations. Countries with high levels of prosperity have somehow become actors in energy sharing, regardless of whether they are resource rich or not. These actors can act individually or with their organizational identities. The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) has acquired a new mission for itself by developing a sense of security in the field of energy after the Cold War. This mission has been tried to be implemented in the context of establishing energy security in many geographies. Structural organizations, military operations and political-diplomatic initiatives to ensure energy security are among these. Although these initiatives of NATO had similar purposes in some geographies, they generally did not produce the same results. In this study, the factors affecting energy security have been tried to be explained by entering into their conceptual dimension. In this context, it is aimed to contribute to the literature by discussing NATO's energy security approaches, force use options in the north of the Black Seas and Caspian and the last Russia-Ukraine War. Keywords: Energy Security, NATO, Russia, Black Sea, Caspia

Examination of primary school students' motivation to read

Eğitim Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Temel Eğitim Ana Bilim Dalı, Sınıf Öğretmenliği Eğitimi Bilim DalıBu çalışmada ilkokul 4.sınıf öğrencilerinin okuma motivasyonlarının çeşitli değişkenler açısından incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Betimsel tarama yöntemi kullanılan çalışma Gaziantep İli, Şehitkâmil İlçesi'ne bağlı 4 devlet ilkokulunda öğrenim gören 400 adet 4.sınıf öğrencisi ile gerçekleşmiştir. Araştırma 2022-2023 Eğitim Öğretim yılı içerisinde yürütülmüştür. Veri toplama aracı olarak Wang ve Guthrie (2004) tarafından geliştirilen "Okuma Motivasyonu Ölçeği" kullanılmıştır. Yıldız (2010) tarafından Türkçe'ye çevrilen ve Durmuş (2014) tarafından açıklayıcı faktör analizi yapılarak yeniden uyarlanan bu ölçek alınan izinler doğrultusunda araştırmada kullanılmıştır. Kolmogorov-Smirnov normallik testi uygulanan verilerin normal dağılım göstermesi sonucunda istatiksel analizlerde T-Testi, tek yönlü varyans analizi (ANOVA) ve farkların hangi gruplar arasında olduğunu belirlemek için LSD testi uygulanmıştır. Katılımcıların cinsiyetleri, okul öncesi eğitim durumu, kendilerine ait kütüphaneye sahip olma durumuna göre anlamlı farklılığı T-Testi kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Katılımcının anne ve babasının eğitim durumuna göre anlamlı farklılığını test etmek için tek yönlü varyans analizi (ANOVA) testi kullanılmıştır. Araştırmada bulguların analiz edilmesi ile kız öğrencilerin okuma motivasyonları erkek öğrencilerden anlamlı olarak daha yüksek çıkmıştır. Okuma motivasyonu anne eğitim durumuna göre anlamlı farklılık göstermemiştir. Fakat baba eğitim durumuna göre anlamlı farklılıklardan söz etmek mümkündür. Ortaokul mezunu babaların çocukları en düşük okuma motivasyonuna sahipken, Lise mezunu babaların çocukları en yüksek okuma motivasyonuna sahiptir. Okuma motivasyonunda okul öncesi eğitim alma faktörünün etkisi incelendiğinde, okul öncesi eğitim almış öğrencilerde okuma motivasyonu yüksek çıkarken okul öncesi eğitim almamış öğrencilerde bu motivasyonun daha düşük çıktığı görülmüştür. Evlerinde kendilerine ait bir kütüphanesi olan öğrencilerin evlerinde kütüphane olmayan öğrencilere göre okuma motivasyonlarının anlamlı olarak daha yüksek çıktığı sonucuna varılmıştır. Elde edilen sonuçlar diğer okuma motivasyonu üzerine yapılmış araştırmalar ile karşılaştırılmış ve sonuç bölümünde önerilerde bulunmuştur.In this study, it was aimed to examine the reading motivation of primary school 4th grade students in terms of various variables. The study, in which descriptive survey method was used, was carried out with 400 4th grade students studying in 4 public primary schools in Şehitkamil District of Gaziantep Province. The research was conducted during the 2022-2023 academic year. The "Reading Motivation Scale" developed by Wang and Guthrie (2004) was used as a data collection tool. This scale, which was translated into Turkish by Yıldız (2010) and re-adapted by Durmuş (2014) by explanatory factor analysis, was used in the research in line with the permissions obtained. As a result of the Kolmogorov-Smirnov normality test, it was concluded that the data conformed to the normal distribution, and as a result, T-Test, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and LSD test were applied to determine which groups the differences were between the statistical analysis. T-Test was used to determine whether there was a significant difference according to gender, having received preschool education and having their own or a shared library at home. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) test was used to determine whether there was a significant difference according to the educational status of the mother and father. With the analysis of the findings in the study, the reading motivation of female students was found to be significantly higher than male students. Reading motivation did not differ significantly according to maternal education level. However, it is possible to talk about significant differences according to the education level of the father. While children of fathers who are secondary school graduates have the lowest reading motivation, children of fathers who are high school graduates have the highest reading motivation. When the effect of preschool education factor on reading motivation was examined, it was seen that reading motivation was high in students who received preschool education, while this motivation was lower in students who did not receive preschool education. Significantly, it was concluded that the students who had their own library at home had higher motivation to read than the students who did not have a library at home. The results obtained were compared with other studies on reading motivation and suggestions were made in the conclusion section

Türkiye’de Yerel Yönetimlerin Dijitalleşmesine İlişkin Güncel Bir Değerlendirme

Siyasi, iktisadi, sosyo-kültürel ve teknolojik alanlar başta olmak üzere birçok alanda öngörüle- mez bir değişime neden olan küreselleşme süreci kamu yönetimini de etkisi altına almıştır. Bu süreçte, ülkelerin kamu yönetimi sistemleri gelenekselden yeniye doğru evrilirken hem yöneti- ciler hem de yurttaşlar için önemli bir değişim rüzgârı yakalanmıştır. Bu rüzgâr; demokrasi, şeffaflık, hesap verebilirlik, yurttaş memnuniyeti ve teknoloji yönüne doğru kuvvetli bir şekilde esmeye başlamıştır. Kamu hizmetlerinin etkili ve verimli bir şekilde sunulmasını esas alan yeni kamu hizmeti anlayışı; kaliteyi, esnekliği, performansı, yurttaşı öncelik konusu yaparken, bu hizmetlerin sunumunda teknolojik yeniliklerin de takip edilerek zaman, emek ve maliyet tasar- rufu sağlanmasını önemsemektedir. Dijital platformlarda hizmet sunumunun, özellikle yurt- taşlara en yakın birimler olması nedeniyle öne çıkan yerel yönetimler için çok daha önem arz ettiği bu süreçte, e-belediyecilik ve mobil belediyecilik olarak adlandırılan uygulamaların gide- rek arttığı bilinmektedir. Literatür taraması ve ikincil kaynaklar kullanılması yoluyla toplanan verilere dayanılarak hazırlanan bu çalışmada, Türkiye’nin bilgi toplumundaki mevcut durumu ve yerel yönetimlerin dijitalleşme serüveninde kat etmiş olduğu yol güncel veriler eşliğinde değerlendirilmiştir

Tuning PID controller parameters of the DC motor with PSO algorithm

Direct current (DC) motors have superior features such as operating at different speeds, being affordable and easily controllable. Therefore, DC motors have many uses, such as machine tools and robotic systems in many factories up to the textile industry. The PID controller is one of the most common methods used to control DC motors. PID is a feedback controller with the terms Proportional, Integral, and Derivative. The proper selection of P, I, and D parameters is critical for achieving the desired control in the PID controller. In this study, the transfer function of a DC motor is first obtained, and the speed of the DC motor is controlled by the PID controller using this transfer function. Then, Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), an optimization method based on swarm intelligence, is used to adjust the P, I, and D parameters. By using the obtained P, I, and D coefficients, the speed of the DC motor is tried to be controlled, and the effect of the filter coefficient on the system output is examined. The performance of the proposed PSO-PID controller with successful results is given in tables and graphics. Control and optimization studies are carried out with MATLAB Simulink. © 2023 The Author(s)

An Investigation of Clock Gene Variations in Turkish Nannospalax Species

Blind mole rats (Nannospalax) have become famous for their long lifespans and cancer resistance, but it is still unknown what causes them to be resistant to cancer. These animals may have a different melatonin synthesis mechanism from other creatures due to their lifestyle, which is estimated to be connected to their cancer resistance. In this study, gene variants in Clock genes Cry1, Cry2, Bmal1, Per1 and Per2, which are involved in the synthesis of melatonin in Nannospalax species living in Turkey were investigated and compared with the other organisms including Nannospalax galili, Mus musculus, Heterocephalus glaber, Rattus norvegicus, and Homo sapiens. In addition, it was investigated whether the detected variations have a pathogenic effect in humans. For this purpose, in vitro methods and some bioinformatics tools were employed in this DNA-based research. 29 variants in total; 11 in Per1, 7 in Per2, 2 in Cry1 and 9 in Cry2 gene, were identified, no variation was found in Bmal1 gene. Some of these variations have been found in regions where DNA repair processes for light-induced UV damage occurred. Other variations were detected in PAS domain and 5'-UTR regions, and the remaining variations were in nondomain regions of proteins. Since Clock gene variations has not been investigated in Nannospalax species, these in vitro and in silico methods may give suggestions to choose and focus on detected variations to be used for further studies.Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK) [123Z007]; Nigde OEmer Halisdemir University [FMT 2022/7-BAGEP]This article has been derived from a PhD thesis, yet to be presented to the University, titled Tuerkiye Nannospalax tuerlerinde (Nannospalax xanthodon, Nannospalax ehrenbergi, Nannospalax leucodon) Clock Gen (Per1, Per2, Cry1, Cry2, Bmal1) Varyasyonlar & imath;n & imath;n Ara & scedil;t & imath;r & imath;lmas & imath;. This work was supported by the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK) under Grant 123Z007 and Nigde OEmer Halisdemir University under Grant FMT 2022/7-BAGEP