Cortisol en saliva como indicador de estrés en porcino

The first aim of the present study was to evaluate the measure ‘salivary cortisol’ as a non invasive Animal Welfare indicator for fattening pigs. The second objective was to assess the effect of a commercial farm routine procedure (weighing) in the HPA axis activation. The effect of the breading line (breeding line A and B), the sex, the date and hour of the sampling, and the different flooring systems used in the housing were taken into account. Two types of partly-slatted housing were used, continuous concrete floor and concrete slat (CC) and continuous solid floor of concreted recovered with epoxy resin and metallic slat (RM). Firstly, salivary control samples were taken in 1 pig per pen on three different days during fattening (morning and afternoon) for a total of 96 samples. Secondly, another salivary cortisol sample was taken after weighing each pig, 0h, 1h and 2h after weighing (stressful situation) near the end of fattening, in 3 pigs per pen, for a total of 144 samples. There were no differences in baseline cortisol levels for pigs on either flooring but, after the weighing, the cortisol level of the animals housed in the RM flooring were significantly lower (p<0,01) than the cortisol level of the animals housed in the CC flooring, and showed a normal decreasing tendency whereas the level of cortisol of animals housed in the CC flooring showed a rising tendencyEl primer objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar la medida ‘cortisol en saliva’ como un indicador no invasivo del nivel de Bienestar Animal en cerdos en cebo. El segundo objetivo fue evaluar el efecto que un procedimiento rutinario, al que los animales se ven sometidos en condiciones comerciales, como es el pesaje, tiene en la activación del eje hipotálamo-pituitaria-adrenal (HPA). Se tuvieron en cuenta los posibles efectos del tipo genético (línea comercial A y B), el sexo, la fecha y la hora de toma de muestras, y el tipo de suelo en el que se alojaron los animales. Se usaron dos tipos de suelo, el primero constaba de zona continua de hormigón y slats de hormigón (CC) y el segundo de zona continua de hormigón recubierta de resina epoxi y slats metálicos (MS). En primer lugar, se tomaron muestras control de saliva, de un cerdo de cada box de las 4 salas, durante la mañana y la tarde, en 3 días no consecutivos, con un total de 96 muestras. En segundo lugar se tomaron muestras de saliva inmediatamente después del pesaje, a la hora y a las 2 horas, con un total de 144 muestras. No se encontraron diferencias significativas en el nivel de cortisol basal; en cambio, después del pesaje, el nivel de cortisol fue significativamente menor en los animales alojados en suelo RM (p<0,01) que en los animales alojados en suelo CC. El nivel de cortisol tras el pesaje en los animales alojados en suelo RM mostró una tendencia normal decreciente con el paso de las horas, mientras que, el nivel de cortisol aumentó con el paso de las horas para los animales alojados en suelo CC

Síndrome compartimental crónico de esfuerzo Afectación bilateral del compartimento anteroexterno de la pierna en deportistas

Se presenta nuestra experiencia en el manejo de (i casos de síndrome compartimental crónico del esfuerzo por afectación colateral del compartimento anteroexterno del EEII. El diagnóstico se confirmó mediante medición de presiones intracompartimentales con catéter de hendidura, considerando patológico cuando ante clínica compatible la presión basal no se recupera en al menos 15 minutos. Se realizó doble fasciotomía subcutánea en los 6 casos consiguiendo la desaparición de la sintomatología y reincorporación a los entrenamientos en 6 semanas en todos los casos. No se han observado complicaciones ni recidivas tras un seguimiento medio de 2 años (1-3).Our experience on the management of 6 cases with bilateral chronic exertional compartment syndrome of the legs is presented. The diagnosis was confirmed by the measurement of the compartment pressure with slit catheter. Intramuscular pressure was considered abnormal when the basal pressure was not regained 15 minutes after the exercise with consistent symtomatology. Double complete subcutaneous fasciotomy was performed in the 6 patients obtaining complete recovery of the symtoms and improvement of the performance in all of them. Patients started training six weeks after surgery. Neither complication or relapse was found during a mean follow-up of 2 years (1-3)

Fractura-avulsión de la tuberosidad tibial anterior en adolescentes: a propósito de dos casos. Revisión de la literatura

La avulsión de la tuberosidad tibial anterior es una lesión rara que se caracteriza por ocurrir en adolescentes deportistas. Esta lesión ocurre en un período vulnerable de la adolescencia, cuando la fisis sufre cambios fisiológicos que debilitan su resistencia a las fuerzas de tensión. Aportamos dos nuevos casos que fueron tratados con dos métodos distintos de osteosíntesis (tornillos y agujas de Kirschner) y realizamos una completa revisión bibliográfica. La osteosíntesis proporciona una mayor seguridad y menor tiempo de inmovilización, siendo el resultado final la epifisiodesis de dicha tuberosidad. Reseñamos la aparición de calcificaciones asintomáticas en el tendón rotuliano, complicación hasta ahora no descrita.Avulsion of the tibial tubercle is a rare lesion ocurring in sportif adolescents. This injury occurs in a vulnerable period that happen in adolescence when the physis is undergoing phisiologic change s that weaken its resistenc e to tensil loading. We present two ne w case s treated by two different procedures (Kirschner wire s and screws) and we made a complete literature review. We emphasize the finding of asintomatic calcification into patellar tendon that have not been previously described

LabVIEW-based control and acquisition system for the dosimetric characterization of a silicon strip detector

Theaimofthisworkistopresentanewdataacquisition,control,andanalysissoftwaresystemwrittenin LabVIEW.Thissystemhasbeendesignedtoobtainthedosimetryofasiliconstripdetectorinpolyethylene. It allows the full automation of the experiments and data analysis required for the dosimetric characterization of silicon detectors. It becomes a useful tool that can be applied in the daily routine check of a beam accelerator.MINECO ICTI2013-2016/FPA2013-47327-C2-1-RMINECO ICTI2013-2016/FPA2014-53290-C2-2- PJunta de Andalucía P12-FQM-160

Electrochemical synthesis and magnetic properties of MFe_2O_4 (M = Fe, Mn, Co, Ni) nanoparticles for potential biomedical applications

In this study, we evaluate the magnetic properties and cytotoxic effect of magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) based on magnetite and Mn, Co and Ni ferrites, obtained by electrochemical synthesis. These nanoparticles have almost spherical shape and an mode size of 9 +/- 1 nm. The electrochemical synthesis produces a single crystallographic phase with a spinel-like structure in all cases. Magnetization saturation at room temperature varies with the composition of the ferrites from M_S (Fe_3O_4) > M_S (MnFe_2O_4) > M_S (CoFe_2O_4) > M_S (NiFe_2O_4). Ferrite MNPs present low magnetic remanence indicating a superparamagnetic-like response at room temperature. However, the different values of magnetic anisotropy and size produce variations in the values of coercivity and susceptibility of the ferrite MNPs. The cytotoxicity of the different ferrites was evaluated by internalizing MNP in HeLa cancer cells. Although magnetite and Mn ferrite present low toxicity for all the concentrations studied, significant cytotoxic effect were observed when incubating the cells with high concentration of Co and Ni ferrites

Yield in double cropping system as affected by N fertilization rate with pig slurry in a Catalonia dryland region

Intensive swine production is an important agricultural and economical activity in Europe. The high availability of pig slurry (PS) lead to attractive fertilization strategy to reduce costs, therefore is mainly applied as fertilizer in agricultural systems. The optimization N fertilization in these areas should be taken in into to avoid nitrates losses by lixiviation and to achieve maximum efficiency in crop nutrition. Many studies have shown that PS applications can achieve satisfactory yields in different crops by partially or completely replacing synthetic fertilizers. In addition, for the last years, in Northeast Spain (Catalonia) has been widely extended the double-cropping forage system

Comparación de Resultados del electromiograma y de la saculorradiculografía en el Diagnóstico de las Hernias Discales

Los autores presentan un estudio comparativo de E.M.G. y Saculorradiculografía en relación con los hallazgos quirúrgicos de 100 Hernias Discales intervenidas. Para el E.M.G. se ha conseguido una exactitud global del 83% y para la saculorradiculografía del 79%. La saculorradiculografía ha demostrado mayor exactitud para la raiz S1 que paral a L5 (85,7% frente a 70,4%) y el E.M.G. mayor para la L5 que para la S1 (88,6% frente a 78,5%). El E.M.G. tiene una especial utilidad para el diagnóstico y despistaje de neuropatías y para la comprobación de recuperación post-quirúrgica de lesiones sin axonotmesis. La exactitud de los resultados en el E.M.G. están en relación directa con la habilidad del examinador a la hora de conseguir e interpretar los resultados.The authors made a comparative study between the Electromyography (EMG) and the radiculography with the surgical findings in 100 Herniated intervertebral disk (H.I.D.) operated on. With the E.M.G. they had obtained a correct diagnostic in 83% of case s and 79% with the radiculography. The radiculography showed the bigger accurancy in S1 than L5 (85'7% - 70'4%) and E.M.G. showed bigger accurancy B in L5 than S1 (88'6% - 78'5%). The E.M.G. had an special utility in the diagnosis of neuropathie s and the review and follow up after surgical procedure. It's very important the trainning of the E.M.G. examine r to obtain correct information

Androgen receptor immunoreactivity in forebrain axons and dendrites in the rat

As members of the steroid receptor superfamily, androgen receptors (ARs) have been traditionally identified as transcription factors. In the presence of ligand, ARs reside in the nucleus, where, upon ligand binding, the receptors dimerize and bind to specific response elements in the promoter region of hormone-responsive genes. However, in this report, we describe the discovery that ARs are also present in axons and dendrites within the mammalian central nervous system. AR expression in axons was identified in the rat brain at the light microscopic level using two different antibodies directed against the N terminus of the AR protein and nickel intensified 3′-3′-diaminobenzidine, and also using fluorescence methods and confocal microscopy. This distribution was confirmed at the ultrastructural level. In addition, AR immunoreactivity was identified in small dendrites at the ultrastructural level. AR-immunoreactive axons were observed primarily in the cerebral cortex and were rare in regions where nuclear AR expression is abundant. The observation that ARs are present in axons and dendrites highlights the possibility that androgens play an important and novel extranuclear role in neuronal function.Peer Reviewe