Comprensiones de los colectivos juveniles sobre la participación política en la ciudad de Santa Marta en el periodo 2014-2017

El presente informe contiene el proceso investigativo para optar por el título de Magister en Estudios Políticos, el cual tuvo como objetivo analizar las comprensiones que tienen los Colectivos Juveniles sobre la participación política en la ciudad de Santa Marta en el periodo 2014 -2017. Esta investigación se desarrolló a partir del enfoque cualitativo, utilizando la entrevista semiestructurada como técnica de recolección de información. El marco teórico tomó como base diferentes teorías abordadas desde la perspectiva varios autores, que fortalecieron el rigor científico del presente estudio; para efectos investigativos entrevistaron a los representantes de los colectivos juveniles y referentes en juventud de la administración Distrital de Santa Marta, permitiendo reconstruir la información suministrada por los participantes y analizar las percepciones a la luz de las categorías (juventud, colectivos juveniles y participación política juvenil). Asimismo, se presentaron las percepciones de cada uno de los sujetos participantes de la investigación, en contraste con los diferentes sustentos teóricos que apoyan el proceso investigativo. Para finalmente, exponer las conclusiones a las que llego el estudio.This report contains the investigative process to opt for the title of Master in Political Studies, which aimed to analyze the understandings that have the Youth Collectives on political participation in the city of Santa Marta in the period 2014-2017. This research was developed based on the qualitative approach, using the semi-structured interview as a technique for gathering information. The theoretical framework was based on different theories addressed from the perspective of several authors, which strengthened the scientific rigor of the present study; for investigative purposes, they interviewed the representatives of the youth groups and youth leaders of the District Administration of Santa Marta, allowing to reconstruct the information provided by the participants and analyze the perceptions in light of the categories (youth, youth groups and youth political participation in life). Likewise, the perceptions of each of the subjects participating in the research were presented, in contrast to the different theoretical foundations that support the investigative process. To finally, expose the conclusions reached by the study.Magíster en Estudios PolíticosMaestrí

Eficacia de la conciliación laboral en Barranquilla /

Estado INACTIVO Semillero UNIAUTONOMA Área del Proyecto Ciencias Sociales Subárea del Proyecto Derecho Tipo de Proyecto Proyecto de Investigación Subtipo de Proyecto Propuesta de Investigación Grado X Semestre Programa Académico DERECHOEsta propuesta de investigación espera establecer la eficacia de la conciliación como mecanismo alternativo de solución de conflictos a partir de la recolección de datos correspondientes a los acuerdos logrados, frente al número de audiencias realizadas, tanto en la inspección del trabajo, como los centros de conciliación y los juzgados de la ciudad de Barranquilla. Es una investigación de corte cuantitativo, con un diseño de campo de tipo evaluativo. Se considera pertinente, puesto que es momento de evaluar los logros de la aplicación de la conciliación como mecanismo alternativo de solución de conflictos en materia laboral, a fin de identificar problemas en su aplicación y presentar propuestas para su mejoramiento, a partir de los resultados que se obtengan

ICD-data collection features: an international survey

Background:  The International Classification of Diseases (ICD) is globally used for coding morbidity and mortality statistics, however, its use, as well as the data collection features vary greatly across countries. Objective: To characterize hospital ICD-coded data collection worldwide. Methods: After an in-depth grey and academic literature review, an online survey was created to poll the 194 World Health Organization (WHO) member countries. Questions focused on hospital data collection systems and ICD-coded data features. The survey was distributed, using different methods, to potential participants that met the specific criteria, as well as organizations specialized in the topic, such as WHO Collaborating Centers (WHO-CC) or International Federation of Health Information Management Association (IFHIMA), to be forwarded to their representatives. Answers were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Results: Data from 48 respondents from 26 different countries has been collected. Results reveal worldwide use of ICD, with variations in the maximum allowable coding fields for diagnoses and interventions. For instance, in some countries there is an unlimited number of coding fields (Netherlands, Thailand and Iran), as opposed to others with only 1-6 available (Guatemala or Mauritius). Disparities also exist in the definition of a main condition, as 60% of the countries use “reason for admission” and 40% utilize “resource use”. Additionally, the mandatory type of data fields in the hospital morbidity database (e.g. patient demographics, admission type, discharge disposition, diagnoses, …) differ among countries, with diagnosis timing and physician information being the least frequently required. Conclusion: These survey data will establish the current state of ICD use internationally, which will ultimately be valuable to the WHO for the promotion of ICD and the rollout of ICD-11. Additionally, it will improve international comparisons of health data, and encourage further research on how to improve ICD coding

Entrevista a María Rita Otero

OC: Dra. María Rita, bienvenida a esta sección de la revista en donde siempre queremos que nuestros lectores conozcan personas de la vida académica en el campo de la investigación en Enseñeanza de las Ciencias. En primer lugar, nos gustaría que nos contara algo sobre su lugar actual como docente e invstigadora. MRO: Muchas gracias por la invitación. Quisiera contarles que hasta hace dos años fui profesora de secundaria durante 33 años. Actualmente soy profesora titular de la Universidad del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires y soy investigadora principal del Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y tecnología de la República Argentina (Conicet). OC: ¿Cuál es su área de investigación? MRO: Estoy adscrita en el área de psicología y educación. Dentro de esta área trabajo en didáctica de las ciencias. Dirijo un equipo dentro de la universidad que se dedica a esto y a formar profesores de matemáticas, física e informática y también dirijo el doctorado

Limitaciones a la responsabilidad de los prestadores de servicios de Internet en Estados Unidos y su relación con el Tratado de Libre Comercio firmado por Colombia

Los prestadores de servicios de internet son los agentes encargados de que las comunicaciones en línea funcionen, son aquellos que dependiendo del servicio que prestan alojan, vinculan, almacenan o conducen materiales en línea, el régimen de responsabilidad relativo a las actuaciones de los mismos está consagrado en Estados Unidos en la Digital Millennium Copyright Act, norma que regula un sistema de exenciones de responsabilidad que ha de ser implementado en Colombia a partir de la firma del Tratado de Libre Comercio. La explicación y las diferencias presentadas entre la norma y el acuerdo son las que encontraremos en este trabajo al ser el objetivo principal del mismo.Abogado (a)Pregrad

Altered drug susceptibility during host adaptation of a <i>Plasmodium falciparum</i> strain in a non-human primate model

Infections with Plasmodium falciparum, the most pathogenic of the Plasmodium species affecting man, have been reduced in part due to artemisinin-based combination therapies. However, artemisinin resistant parasites have recently emerged in South-East Asia. Novel intervention strategies are therefore urgently needed to maintain the current momentum for control and elimination of this disease. In the present study we characterize the phenotypic and genetic properties of the multi drug resistant (MDR) P. falciparum Thai C2A parasite strain in the non-human Aotus primate model, and across multiple passages. Aotus infections with C2A failed to clear upon oral artesunate and mefloquine treatment alone or in combination, and ex vivo drug assays demonstrated reduction in drug susceptibility profiles in later Aotus passages. Further analysis revealed mutations in the pfcrt and pfdhfr loci and increased parasite multiplication rate (PMR) across passages, despite elevated pfmdr1 copy number. Altogether our experiments suggest alterations in parasite population structure and increased fitness during Aotus adaptation. We also present data of early treatment failures with an oral artemisinin combination therapy in a pre-artemisinin resistant P. falciparum Thai isolate in this animal model

Improved detection of the non-defoliant pathotype of verticillium dahliae in olive trees using nested PCR

La olivicultura está afectada por un síndrome que genera marchitez en la copa del árbol. Uno de los microorganismos responsables es el hongo Verticillium dahliae, que provoca la enfermedad denominada verticilosis del olivo (VO). Según la severidad de los síntomas, se distinguen dos patotipos, defoliante (D) y no defoliante (ND). Su diagnóstico emplea la reacción en cadena de la polimerasa (PCR). Nuestro objetivo fue comparar la eficiencia de dos juegos de cebadores para detectar en planta el patotipo ND, el único presente en Argentina, mediante PCR anidada. Para ello se utilizaron los juegos de cebadores NDf/NDr - INTND2f/INTND2r (PCR-I), empleados comúnmente, y una nueva combinación, INTNDf/INTNDr - INTND2f/INTND2r (PCR-II). Se analizaron muestras de olivos sintomáticos de 39 fincas de la provincia de La Rioja. PCR-II tuvo mayor eficiencia en la detección, 57,8 % frente a 16,7 % de PCR-I. PCR-II amplificó en casi todas las variedades, edades de plantas y niveles de severidad de la enfermedad, mientras que PCR-I detectó el hongo sólo en variedades muy susceptibles y con niveles de severidad leve. El uso de PCR-II para detectar a V. dahliae en olivo permitirá estudios más precisos sobre su incidencia que contribuirán al manejo adecuado de la verticilosis.Olive growing is affected by a syndrome that causes wilt in the tree top. One of the main microorganisms accountable for this disease is the fungus Verticillium dahliae, which causes verticillium wilt (VW). Two pathotypes are distinguished within V. dahliae, defoliating (D) and non-defoliating (ND), depending on symptom severity. The pathogen is generally diagnosed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Our objective was to compare the efficiency of two sets of primers in detecting the ND pathotype in olive plants, the only pathotype found in Argentina, by nested PCR. For this purpose, the commonly used primer combination NDf/NDr-INTND2f/INTND2r (PCR-I) and a new combination, INTNDf/INTNDr-INTND2f/INTND2r (PCR-II), were evaluated. Samples of symptomatic olive trees from 39 commercial fields from La Rioja province were analyzed. PCR-II had higher detection efficiency than PCR-I (57.8 % and 16.7 %, respectively). PCR-II amplified in almost all the olive cultivars, plant ages and VW disease severity levels, whereas PCR-I detected the fungus only in very susceptible cultivars and in trees with low VW severity levels. The use of PCR-II for the detection of V. dahliae in olive plants will provide more accurate incidence results and will contribute to a proper management of VW.Fil: Rattalino, Donna Lucia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Chilecito; ArgentinaFil: Otero, María Laura. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro de Investigaciones Agropecuarias. Instituto de Patología Vegetal; Argentina. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro de Investigaciones Agropecuarias. Unidad de Fitopatología y Modelización Agrícola - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Unidad de Fitopatología y Modelización Agrícola; ArgentinaFil: Moriconi, Daniel Nilo. Universidad Nacional de Chilecito; ArgentinaFil: Rivera, Paula Cecilia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales. Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal; Argentin

An Abnormal Nitric Oxide Metabolism Contributes to Brain Oxidative Stress in the Mouse Model for the Fragile X Syndrome, a Possible Role in Intellectual Disability

Background. Fragile X syndrome is the most common genetic cause of mental disability. Although many research has been performed, the mechanism underlying the pathogenesis is unclear and needs further investigation. Oxidative stress played major roles in the syndrome. The aim was to investigate the nitric oxide metabolism, protein nitration level, the expression of NOS isoforms, and furthermore the activation of the nuclear factor NF-κB-p65 subunit in different brain areas on the fragile X mouse model. Methods. This study involved adult male Fmr1-knockout and wild-type mice as controls. We detected nitric oxide metabolism and the activation of the nuclear factor NF-κBp65 subunit, comparing the mRNA expression and protein content of the three NOS isoforms in different brain areas. Results. Fmr1-KO mice showed an abnormal nitric oxide metabolism and increased levels of protein tyrosine nitrosylation. Besides that, nuclear factor NF-κB-p65 and inducible nitric oxide synthase appeared significantly increased in the Fmr1-knockout mice. mRNA and protein levels of the neuronal nitric oxide synthase appeared significantly decreased in the knockout mice. However, the epithelial nitric oxide synthase isoform displayed no significant changes. Conclusions. These data suggest the potential involvement of an abnormal nitric oxide metabolism in the pathogenesis of the fragile X syndrome

Mortality and Advanced Support Requirement for Patients With Cancer With COVID-19 : A Mathematical Dynamic Model for Latin America

PURPOSE: In the midst of a global pandemic, evidence suggests that similar to other severe respiratory viral infections, patients with cancer are at higher risk of becoming infected by COVID-19 and have a poorer prognosis. METHODS: We have modeled the mortality and the intensive care unit (ICU) requirement for the care of patients with cancer infected with COVID-19 in Latin America. A dynamic multistate Markov model was constructed. Transition probabilities were estimated on the basis of published reports for cumulative probability of complications. Basic reproductive number (R0) values were modeled with R using the EpiEstim package. Estimations of days of ICU requirement and absolute mortality were calculated by imputing number of cumulative cases in the Markov model. RESULTS: Estimated median time of ICU requirement was 12.7 days, median time to mortality was 16.3 days after infection, and median time to severe event was 8.1 days. Peak ICU occupancy for patients with cancer was calculated at 16 days after infection. Deterministic sensitivity analysis revealed an interval for mortality between 18.5% and 30.4%. With the actual incidence tendency, Latin America would be expected to lose approximately 111,725 patients with cancer to SARS-CoV-2 (range, 87,116-143,154 patients) by the 60th day since the start of the outbreak. Losses calculated vary between < 1% to 17.6% of all patients with cancer in the region. CONCLUSION: Cancer-related cases and deaths attributable to SARS-CoV-2 will put a great strain on health care systems in Latin America. Early implementation of interventions on the basis of data given by disease modeling could mitigate both infections and deaths among patients with cancer

MicroRNA expression profiling in Imatinib-resistant Chronic Myeloid Leukemia patients without clinically significant ABL1-mutations

The development of Imatinib Mesylate (IM), the first specific inhibitor of BCR-ABL1, has had a major impact in patients with Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML), establishing IM as the standard therapy for CML. Despite the clinical success obtained with the use of IM, primary resistance to IM and molecular evidence of persistent disease has been observed in 20-25% of IM treated patients. The existence of second generation TK inhibitors, which are effective in patients with IM resistance, makes identification of predictors of resistance to IM an important goal in CML. In this study, we have identified a group of 19 miRNAs that may predict clinical resistance to IM in patients with newly diagnosed CML