Imágenes de la inmigración a través de la fotografía de prensa. un análisis de contenido

Los datos que se presentan en este artículo son el resultado de un análisis de contenido sobre la representación visual de la inmigración a través de las fotografías presentes en los principales diarios españoles de ámbito nacional. Un estudio que es parte de un proyecto de investigación más amplio sobre el tratamiento informativo de la inmigración. A partir de los resultados obtenidos, y tomando la Teoría del Framing como base teórica, se puede afirmar que la cobertura dada a cada actor relacionado con la inmigración (policías, políticos y los propios inmigrantes) es diferente. Igualmente, que existen diferencias entre los periódicos, atendiendo a la línea editorial del diario (progresista frente a conservador) y al modelo de diario (prensa de prestigio frente a sensacionalista) en el tratamiento visual de la inmigración

Comparison of a proprioceptive training program on stable base and unstable base

El objetivo de este estudio fue comparar dos programas de entrenamiento propioceptivo sobre base estable (G1) y base inestable (G2). Durante 5 semanas, 18 jugadores de fútbol profesional se sometieron a un programa de entrenamiento propioceptivo, 9 formaron el G1 y 9 G2. Se aplicó el Standard Excursion Balance Test (Test de Estrella) antes y después de la intervención. Los resultados intragrupo mostraron diferencias significativas en las variables ANT.IZDO; ANTLAT.IZDO; POST.D y ANTMED.D (p<0,005) para el G1 y ANT.D; ANT.IZDO; POSTMED.D; POSTMED.IZDO Y MED.D (p <0,005) para el G2. No se hallaron evidencias significativas entre el entrenamiento en base estable y base inestable para la mejora del equilibrio y la estabilidadThe aim is to compare two proprioceptive training programs on a stable (G1) and an unstable (G2) base in terms of balance and stability. During a 5 week period, 18 professional football players underwent a proprioceptive training program, 9 in G1 and the other 9 in G2. The Standard Excursion Balance Test was applied before and after the intervention program. Significant intragroup differences were found in the variables LEFT FRONT, ANTEROLATERAL LEFT (ANTLAT.LEFT), BACK RIGHT and ANTEROMEDIAL RIGHT (ANTMED.RIGHT) (p<0,005) for the G1, and FRONT RIGHT, FRONT LEFT, POSTMED.RIGHT, POSTMED.LEFT and MED.RIGHT (p <0,005) for G2. We conclude that there are no significant differences between the unstable base training and training stable base regarding improvement in balance and stabilit

Phase Velocity Method for Guided Wave Measurements in Composite Plates

Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer is a well-recognized material for aeronautic applications. Its plane structure has been widely used where anisotropic characteristics should be evaluated with flaw detection. A phase velocity method of ultrasonic guided waves based on a pitch-catch configuration is presented for this purpose. Both shear vertical (SV) and shear horizontal (SH) have been studied. For SV (Lamb waves) the measurements were done at different frequencies in order to evaluate the geometrical dispersion and elastic constants. The results for SV are discussed with an orthotropic elastic model. Finally experiments with lamination flaws are presented

Effects of Trecadrine, a beta3-adrenergic agonist, on leptin secretion, glucose and lipid metabolism in isolated rat adipocytes

Objective: Leptin, a hormone produced in adipocytes, is a key signal in the regulation of food intake and energy expenditure. beta-Adrenergic agonists have been shown to inhibit leptin gene expression and leptin secretion. The mechanisms underlying the inhibitory effects of beta-adrenergic agonists have not been established. In this study, we examined the effects of TrecadrineÒ, a novel beta3-adrenergic agonist, on basal and insulin-stimulated leptin secretion in isolated rat adipocytes. Because insulin-stimulated glucose metabolism is an important regulator of leptin expression and secretion by the adipocytes, the effects of Trecadrine on indices of adipocyte metabolism were also examined. Measurements: Isolated adipocytes were incubated with Trecadrine (10-8-10-4 M) in the absence or presence of insulin (1.6 nM). Leptin secretion, glucose utilization, lactate production, glucose incorporation into CO2 and triglyceride, as well as lipolysis (glycerol release) were determined. Results: Trecadrine induced a concentration-dependent inhibition of basal leptin secretion. Trecadrine also decreased insulin-stimulated leptin secretion; however, the effect was not as pronounced as in the absence of insulin. Treatment of adipocytes with Trecadrine increased basal glucose utilization and produced a further increase in insulin-stimulated glucose utilization. Basal lactate production was also increased by Trecadrine; however, the proportion (percentage) of glucose carbon released as lactate was unaffected. In the presence of insulin, absolute lactate production was unaffected by Trecadrine at 96 h. However, the percentage of glucose carbon released as lactate was significantly decreased by insulin treatment, and was further decreased by the co-treatment with Trecadrine. Trecadrine induced a dose-dependent increase of the absolute amount of glucose incorporated into triglyceride. However, the percentage of glucose utilized that was incorporated into triglyceride was unaffected by Trecadrine. Trecadrine did not modify the proportion of glucose utilized that was oxidized to CO2. Trecadrine increased glycerol release after 96 h of treatment. Glycerol release was negatively correlated with leptin secretion. Conclusions: These results suggest that alterations of glucose metabolism are not directly involved in the effects of beta3-adrenergic agonists to inhibit leptin expression and secretion. The inverse relationship between leptin secretion and the increase of glycerol levels, which is an index of the activation of cAMP-dependent protein kinases, suggests that activation of the cAMP signaling pathway mediates the inhibitory effects of Trecadrine on leptin gene expression and secretion

Effect of bovine ABCG2 polymorphism Y581S SNP on secretion into milk of enterolactone, riboflavin and uric acid

P. 238-247The ATP-binding cassette transporter G2/breast cancer resistance protein (ABCG2/BCRP) is an efflux protein involved in the bioavailability and milk secretion of endogenous and exogenous compounds, actively affecting milk composition. A limited number of physiological substrates have been identified. However, no studies have reported the specific effect of this polymorphism on the secretion into milk of compounds implicated in milk quality such as vitamins or endogenous compounds. The bovine ABCG2 Y581S polymorphism is described as a gain-of-function polymorphism that increases milk secretion and decreases plasma levels of its substrates. This work aims to study the impact of Y581S polymorphism on plasma disposition and milk secretion of compounds such as riboflavin (vitamin B2), enterolactone, a microbiota-derived metabolite from the dietary lignan secoisolariciresinol and uric acid. In vitro transport of these compounds was assessed in MDCK-II cells overexpressing the bovine ABCG2 (WT-bABCG2) and its Y581S variant (Y581S-bABCG2). Plasma and milk levels were obtained from Y/Y homozygous and Y/S heterozygous cows. The results show that riboflavin was more efficiently transported in vitro by the Y581S variant, although no differences were noted in vivo. Both uric acid and enterolactone were substrates in vitro of the bovine ABCG2 variants and were actively secreted into milk with a two-fold increase in the milk/plasma ratio for Y/S with respect to Y/Y cows. The in vitro ABCG2-mediated transport of the drug mitoxantrone, as a model substrate, was inhibited by enterolactone in both variants, suggesting the possible in vivo use of this enterolignan to reduce ABCG2-mediated milk drug transfer in cows. The Y581S variant was inhibited to a lesser extent probably due to its higher transport capacity. All these findings point to a significant role of the ABCG2 Y581S polymorphism in the milk disposition of enterolactone and the endogenous molecules riboflavin and uric acid, which could affect both milk quality and functionality.S

Influence of the oceanographic conditions during spring 2003 on the transport of the Prestige tanker fuel oil to the Galician coast

Hydrographic data collected during the cruise HIDROPRESTIGE were combined with meteorological and dynamic data provided by remote sensors and drifting/moored buoys, to describe the surface circulation of the Northern Iberian basin in March–April 2003. Sea surface winds transported the floating Prestige oil slicks from the sinking area to the continental slope off the Rías Baixas in 1/2 month: the surface current intensity was 2% of the wind intensity and it was rotated clockwise 5 from the wind direction. Mesoscale cyclonic and anticyclonic structures west of 10º W increased the residence time of oil patches in the Northern Iberian basin, as compared with the expected southwards flow of the Iberian current (IC). On the other hand, the Iberian poleward current (IPC) formed a marked surface front with coastal waters, preventing the entry of fuel oil into the rías. PAHs in the surface layer during the cruise were <0.5 ug L- 1, except in the Galicia bank ( 1 ug L- 1; where the Prestige tanker was still leaking) and the vicinity of Cape Fisterra ( 1.5 ug L -1; where the convergence front between the IPC and coastal waters vanished)

On the effective behavior of viscoelastic composites in three dimensions

We address the calculation of the effective properties of non-aging linear viscoelastic composite materials. This is done by solving the microscale periodic local problems obtained via the Asymptotic Homogenization Method (AHM) by means of finite element three-dimensional simulations. The work comprises the investigation of the effective creep and relaxation behavior for a variety of fiber and inclusion reinforced structures (e.g. polymeric matrix composites). As starting point, we consider the elastic-viscoelastic correspondence principle and the Laplace-Carson transform. Then, a classical asymptotic homogenization approach for composites with discontinuous material properties and perfect contact at the interface between the constituents is performed. In particular, we reach to the stress jump conditions from local problems and obtain the corresponding interface loads. Furthermore, we solve numerically the local problems in the Laplace-Carson domain, and compute the effective coefficients. Moreover, the inversion to the original temporal space is also carried out. Finally, we compare our results with those obtained from different homogenization approaches, such as the Finite-Volume Direct Averaging Micromechanics (FVDAM) and the Locally Exact Homogenization Theory (LEHT)

Effective behavior of long and short fiber-reinforced viscoelastic composites

We study the homogenized properties of linear viscoelastic composite materials in three dimensions. The composites are assumed to be constituted by a non-aging, isotropic viscoelastic matrix reinforced by square or hexagonal arrangements of elastic transversely isotropic long and short fibers, the latter being cylindrical inclusions. The effective properties of these kind of materials are obtained by means of a semi-analytical approach combining the Asymptotic Homogenization Method (AHM) with numerical computations performed by Finite Elements (FE) simulations. We consider the elastic-viscoelastic correspondence principle and we derive the associated local and homogenized problems, and the effective coefficients in the Laplace–Carson domain. The effective coefficients are computed from the microscale local problems, which are equipped with appropriate interface loads arising from the discontinuities of the material properties between the constituents, for different fibers’ orientations in the time domain by inverting the Laplace–Carson transform. We compare our results with those given by the Locally Exact Homogenization Theory (LEHT), and with experimental measurements for long fibers. In doing this, we take into consideration Burger’s and power-law viscoelastic models. Additionally, we present our findings for short fiber reinforced composites which demonstrates the potential of our fully three dimensional approach

Biochemical and structural characterization of a novel thermophilic esterase EstD11 provide catalytic insights for the HSL family

19 pags., 12 figs., 2 tabs.A novel esterase, EstD11, has been discovered in a hot spring metagenomic library. It is a thermophilic and thermostable esterase with an optimum temperature of 60°C. A detailed substrate preference analysis of EstD11 was done using a library of chromogenic ester substrate that revealed the broad substrate specificity of EstD11 with significant measurable activity against 16 substrates with varied chain length, steric hindrance, aromaticity and flexibility of the linker between the carboxyl and the alcohol moiety of the ester. The tridimensional structures of EstD11 and the inactive mutant have been determined at atomic resolutions. Structural and bioinformatic analysis, confirm that EstD11 belongs to the family IV, the hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL) family, from the α/β-hydrolase superfamily. The canonical α/β-hydrolase domain is completed by a cap domain, composed by two subdomains that can unmask of the active site to allow the substrate to enter. Eight crystallographic complexes were solved with different substrates and reaction products that allowed identification of the hot-spots in the active site underlying the specificity of the protein. Crystallization and/or incubation of EstD11 at high temperature provided unique information on cap dynamics and a first glimpse of enzymatic activity in vivo. Very interestingly, we have discovered a unique Met zipper lining the active site and the cap domains that could be essential in pivotal aspects as thermo-stability and substrate promiscuity in EstD11.We thank the staff from ALBA synchrotron facility (Barcelona, Spain) for support during crystallographic data collection. This work was funded by the UE through the HotDrops Project (FP7- PEOPLE-2012-IAPP, project number 324439). Additionally, this work was supported by the BFU2017-90030-P grant to J.A.H. from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovatio