Salut et vérité biblique : l'adhésion religieuse des adventistes de Marie-Galante

En 1978, l'anthropologue québécois Raymond Massé débutait sa carrière avec un travail sur les facteurs d'expansion de l'Église Adventiste du Septième Jour en Martinique majoritairement catholique, une île des Antilles françaises alors en plein bouleversement socioéconomique. Ce dernier, entre 1978 et 2008, affirmait à travers divers écrits que les motivations principales des Martiniquais à adhérer à l'adventisme résidaient dans la recherche de protection contre les forces du Mal et la quimboiserie, la thérapeutique divine en réponse aux attaques de ces dernières puissances invisibles, la valorisation sociale et identitaire ainsi que la solidarité communautaire. Mais qu'en est-il de ces motifs d'adhésion à l'Église Adventiste du Septième Jour ailleurs aux Antilles françaises d'aujourd'hui? Peut-on avancer les mêmes conclusions que Raymond Massé? Afin de répondre à ces questions, et juste à temps pour vivre l'ouragan Maria de septembre 2017, je me suis rendu à Marie-Galante, une île de Guadeloupe. D'après l'examen phénoménologique des données recueillies, le salut est au centre de l'intérêt des chrétiens adventistes marie-galantais rencontrés et leur affiliation religieuse est basée sur l'adéquation qu'ils font entre la doctrine et la Bible. L'« honnêteté intellectuelle » est l'attitude qui mène à la fois à l'adventisme et à s'en éloigner. L'appartenance religieuse est alors intellectuelle avant tout. Cela dit, la protection, la thérapeutique, la valorisation et la solidarité sont tout de même des dimensions importantes de la religiosité et donc abordées avec nuances dans ce mémoire. Suivant John Barker, je rends compte ici à la fois des dimensions globales (le « One ») et locales (le « Many ») de la religion via l'interaction de divers composants institutionnellement stables de l'Église et des conditions locales.Québécois anthropologist Raymond Massé started his career in 1978, with a work on the expansion factors of the Seventh-day Adventist church in Martinique -- a predominantly catholic French West Indies island then in major socioeconomic crisis. Between 1978 and 2008, he reasoned through his various writings that the main motives for Martinicans to adhere to Adventism resided in a search for protection against the forces of Evil and quimboiserie, divine therapeutics in response to attacks from these said invisible powers, social and identity development and a sense of solidarity within their community. From there, one can ask : What about these motives of adhesion elsewhere in the French West Indies, and how do they compare with the reality of today? Can we arrive at the same conclusions as Raymond Massé? In order to answer these questions, I traveled to Marie-Galante, Guadeloupe -- just in time to witness hurricane Maria of September 2017. According to the phenomenological examination of the data collected, salvation is a core interest for Christian-Adventists from Marie-Galante, and their religious affiliation is based on the adequacy they find between the Adventist doctrine and the Bible. Moreover, I found that although "intellectual honesty" initially leads to Adventism, it can eventually also push away from it -- religious belonging is therefore first and foremost intellectual. That said, protection, therapeutics, valorization and solidarity are still important dimensions of religiosity and are therefore approached with nuance in this memoir. Following John Barker, I give an account on both global (the « One ») and local (the « Many ») dimensions of religion through the interactions between stable institutional components of the church and local conditions

Viral to metazoan marine plankton nucleotide sequences from the Tara Oceans expedition

A unique collection of oceanic samples was gathered by the Tara Oceans expeditions (2009-2013), targeting plankton organisms ranging from viruses to metazoans, and providing rich environmental context measurements. Thanks to recent advances in the field of genomics, extensive sequencing has been performed for a deep genomic analysis of this huge collection of samples. A strategy based on different approaches, such as metabarcoding, metagenomics, single-cell genomics and metatranscriptomics, has been chosen for analysis of size-fractionated plankton communities. Here, we provide detailed procedures applied for genomic data generation, from nucleic acids extraction to sequence production, and we describe registries of genomics datasets available at the European Nucleotide Archive (ENA, www.ebi.ac.uk/ena). The association of these metadata to the experimental procedures applied for their generation will help the scientific community to access these data and facilitate their analysis. This paper complements other efforts to provide a full description of experiments and open science resources generated from the Tara Oceans project, further extending their value for the study of the world's planktonic ecosystems

Measuring Health Literacy in Primary Healthcare: Adaptation and Validation of a French-Language Version of the Brief Health Literacy Screening among Patients with Chronic Conditions Seen in Primary Care

Background: The Brief Health Literacy Screening (BHLS) is a short self-report instrument developed to identify patients with inadequate health literacy. This study aimed to translate the BHLS into French Canadian (BHLS-FCv) and to evaluate its psychometric properties among patients with chronic conditions in primary care. Methods: The BHLS was translated into French using the Hawkins and Osborne’s method. Content validity was evaluated through cognitive interviews. A validation study of the BHLS-FCv was conducted in two primary care clinics in the province of Quebec (Canada) among adult patients with chronic conditions. Psychometric properties evaluated included: internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha); test–retest reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient); and concurrent validity (Spearman’s correlations with the Health Literacy Questionnaire (HLQ)). Results: 178 participants completed the questionnaire at baseline and 47 completed the questionnaire two weeks later over the telephone. The average score was 13.3. Cronbach’s alpha for internal consistency was 0.77. The intraclass correlation coefficient for test–retest reliability was 0.69 (95% confidence interval: 0.45–0.83). Concurrent validity with Spearman’s correlation coefficient with three subscales of HLQ ranged from 0.28 to 0.58. Conclusions: The BHLS-FCv demonstrated acceptable psychometric properties and could be used in a population with chronic conditions in primary care

How to Better Integrate Social Determinants of Health into Primary Healthcare: Various Stakeholders’ Perspectives

This paper aims to identify challenges and opportunities related to the integration of social determinants of health (SDH) into primary healthcare at an international symposium in Orford, Quebec, Canada. A descriptive qualitative approach was conducted. Three focus groups on different topics were led by international facilitators. Two research team members took notes during the focus groups. All the material was analyzed using a thematic analysis according to an inductive method. Many challenges were identified, leading to the identification of potential opportunities: integrate the concept of SDH in all phases of the training curriculum for health professionals to foster interprofessional and intersectoral collaboration and sociocultural skills; organize healthcare for better outreach to vulnerable populations; organize local and regional committees to develop management frameworks to produce and use territory-specific data; develop dashboards for primary healthcare providers describing the composition of their territory’s population; work collaboratively, rallying primary healthcare providers, community organization delegates, patient partners, citizens, and municipality representatives around common projects. Discussions prompted new directions for further primary healthcare research, among which are building on best practices in the literature and in the field, and engaging various stakeholders in research, including vulnerable populations, while focusing on patient experience

Implementation analysis of a case management intervention for people with complex care needs in primary care: a multiple case study across Canada

Abstract Background Case management is one of the most frequently performed interventions to mitigate the negative effects of high healthcare use on patients, primary care providers and the healthcare system. Reviews have addressed factors influencing case management interventions (CMI) implementation and reported common themes related to the case manager role and activities, collaboration with other primary care providers, CMI training and relationships with the patients. However, the heterogeneity of the settings in which CMI have been implemented may impair the transferability of the findings. Moreover, the underlying factors influencing the first steps of CMI implementation need to be further assessed. This study aimed to evaluate facilitators and barriers of the first implementation steps of a CMI by primary care nurses for people with complex care needs who frequently use healthcare services. Methods A qualitative multiple case study was conducted including six primary care clinics across four provinces in Canada. In-depth interviews and focus groups with nurse case managers, health services managers, and other primary care providers were conducted. Field notes also formed part of the data. A mixed thematic analysis, deductive and inductive, was carried out. Results Leadership of the primary care providers and managers facilitated the first steps of the of CMI implementation, as did the experience and skills of the nurse case managers and capacity development within the teams. The time required to establish CMI was a barrier at the beginning of the CMI implementation. Most nurse case managers expressed apprehension about developing an “individualized services plan” with multiple health professionals and the patient. Clinic team meetings and a nurse case managers community of practice created opportunities to address primary care providers’ concerns. Participants generally perceived the CMI as a comprehensive, adaptable, and organized approach to care, providing more resources and support for patients and better coordination in primary care. Conclusion Results of this study will be useful for decision makers, care providers, patients and researchers who are considering the implementation of CMI in primary care. Providing knowledge about first steps of CMI implementation will also help inform policies and best practices

Concomitant association of giant cell arteritis and malignancy: a multicenter retrospective case-control study.

International audienceBACKGROUND: Some studies suggest that there is an increased risk of malignancies in giant cell arteritis (GCA). We aimed to describe the clinical characteristics and outcomes of GCA patients with concomitant malignancy and compare them to a GCA control group.METHODS: Patients with a diagnosis of GCA and malignancy and with a maximal delay of 12 months between both diagnoses were retrospectively included in this study and compared to a control group of age-matched (3:1) patients from a multicenter cohort of GCA patients.RESULTS: Forty-nine observations were collected (median age 76 years). Malignancies comprised 33 (67%) solid neoplasms and 16 (33%) clonal hematologic disorders. No over-representation of a particular type of malignancy was observed. Diagnosis of GCA and malignancy was synchronous in 7 (14%) patients, while malignancy succeeded GCA in 29 (59%) patients. Malignancy was fortuitously diagnosed based on abnormalities observed in laboratory tests in 26 patients, based on imaging in 14 patients, and based on symptoms or clinical examination in the nine remaining patients. Two patients had a concomitant relapse of both conditions. When compared to the control group, patients with concomitant GCA and malignancy were more frequently male (p < 0.001), with an altered general state (p < 0.001), and polymyalgia rheumatica (p < 0.01).CONCLUSIONS: This study does not indicate an over-representation of any particular type of malignancy in GCA patients. Initial follow-up dictated by vasculitis may have led to an early identification of malignancy. Nevertheless, GCA male patients with an altered general state and polymyalgia rheumatica might more frequently show concomitant malignancies

Additional file 1 of Implementation analysis of a case management intervention for people with complex care needs in primary care: a multiple case study across Canada

Additional file 1

Integrative omics framework for characterization of coral reef ecosystems from the Tara Pacific expedition

International audienceAbstract Coral reef science is a fast-growing field propelled by the need to better understand coral health and resilience to devise strategies to slow reef loss resulting from environmental stresses. Key to coral resilience are the symbiotic interactions established within a complex holobiont, i.e . the multipartite assemblages comprising the coral host organism, endosymbiotic dinoflagellates, bacteria, archaea, fungi, and viruses. Tara Pacific is an ambitious project built upon the experience of previous Tara Oceans expeditions, and leveraging state-of-the-art sequencing technologies and analyses to dissect the biodiversity and biocomplexity of the coral holobiont screened across most archipelagos spread throughout the entire Pacific Ocean. Here we detail the Tara Pacific workflow for multi-omics data generation, from sample handling to nucleotide sequence data generation and deposition. This unique multidimensional framework also includes a large amount of concomitant metadata collected side-by-side that provide new assessments of coral reef biodiversity including micro-biodiversity and shape future investigations of coral reef dynamics and their fate in the Anthropocene

Viral to metazoan marine plankton nucleotide sequences from the Tara Oceans expedition

International audienc