Educação e mercado de trabalho em Portugal: retornos e transições

http://www.poatfse.qren.pt/upload/docs/Diversos/ESTUDOS/Estudos%202014/Relatorio_final_U_Minho.pdf[Sumário Executivo] A adesão de Portugal à União Europeia em 1986 coincide com a apro- vação da estratégia para a concretização de um mercado interno no espaço europeu, coloca ndo desafios às economias dos países euro- peus e em particular à economia portuguesa, em matéria de produti- vidade e competitividade. O tradicional paradigma de competitividade assente em baixos salários é exposto a um nível de concorrência sem precedentes, revelando - se inadequado para fazer face a este novo con- texto de mercados integrados, caracterizados por uma livre circulação de bens, serviços e fatores produtivos. A capacidade de resposta do mercado de trabalho português é testada, assim como a qualidade da sua força de trabalho, do seu capital humano. Avaliar a qualidade do capital huma no implica, também, aferir o impacto do sistema educa- tivo na força de trabalho, quer ao nível do indivíduo, quer ao nível da sociedade. (excerto)Projecto: 000 598 402 012, POAT FSE – Programa Operacional de Assistência Técnica do Fundo Social Europeu, POATFSE: gerir, conhecer e intervir, QREN

Atuação da enfermagem na escola na perspectiva de professores da Educação Básica

Nursing practice at schools contributes for the development and maintenance of healthy life habits for students. This article analyzes health promotion practices in schools from the perspective of primary education teachers. A qualitative study, was conducted with 28 teachers from three public schools from a city in the state of São Paulo. These schools were internships sites for nursing students. Six focus groups were carried out. Data were analyzed according to Vigotski’s thematic analysis. Activities were considered important in redefining life habits and methods of care. This study’s original contributions are: the examination of a practice that receives little attention in the Brazilian nursing educational field and the assessment from another professional category of this type of practice.La actuación de enfermería en las escuelas contribuye al desarrollo y mantenimiento de hábitos de vida saludables en el alumnado. Se analizan acciones de promoción de salud en la escuela según el maestro de Educación Primaria. Estudio cualitativo. Participaron 28 maestros de tres escuelas públicas de un municipio paulista, campos de pasantía para los estudiantes de enfermería. Se organizaron 6 grupos focales. Datos analizados según la unidad de análisis temático de Vigotski. Las actividades fueron importantes para la redefinición de hábitos de vida y modos de cuidado. La contribución original del estudio reside: en el examen de una práctica poco explorada en el área de la formación del enfermero en Brasil, y en la evaluación de otra categoría profesional del escenario práctico sobre este tipo de actuacionesLe travail de soins infirmiers dans les écoles contribue au développement et à l’entretien de modes de vie sains des écoliers. Les actions de promotion de la santé à l’école sont analysées sous l’optique du professeur de l’enseignement de base. Ceci est une étude qualitative. Elle a été menée avec 28 professeurs de trois écoles publiques situées dans une commune de São Paulo, et qui sont des lieux de stage d’étudiants de soins infirmiers. Six groupes de réflexion ont été créés. Les données ont été analysées en suivant l’unité d’analyse thématique de Vigotski. Les activités ont été considérées comme importantes dans la redéfinition des modes de vie et des modes de soin. La contribution originale de l’étude concerne : l’analyse d’une démarche peu exploitée dans le domaine de la formation des infirmiers au Brésil ; l’évaluation d’une autre catégorie professionnelle dans un contexte pratique à propos de ce type de travail.A atuação da enfermagem em escolas contribui para o desenvolvimento e a manutenção de hábitos de vida saudáveis dos escolares. Analisa-se as ações de promoção da saúde na escola sob a perspectiva do professor da educação básica. Trata-se de um estudo qualitativo. Participaram 28 professores de três escolas públicas de um município paulista, campos de estágio dos estudantes de enfermagem. Realizou-se 6 grupos focais. Os dados foram analisados seguindose a unidade de análise temática de Vigotski. As atividades foram consideradas como importantes na redefinição de hábitos de vida e modos de cuidado. A contribuição original do estudo reside: no exame de uma prática pouco explorada no campo da formação do enfermeiro no Brasil; na avaliação de outra categoria profissional do cenário prático sobre esse tipo de atuação

Insights into the multi-azole resistance profile in Candida haemulonii species complex

The Candida haemulonii complex (C. duobushaemulonii, C. haemulonii, and C. haemulonii var. vulnera) is composed of emerging, opportunistic human fungal pathogens able to cause invasive infections with high rates of clinical treatment failure. This fungal complex typically demonstrates resistance to first-line antifungals, including fluconazole. In the present work, we have investigated the azole resistance mechanisms expressed in Brazilian clinical isolates forming the C. haemulonii complex. Initially, 12 isolates were subjected to an antifungal susceptibility test, and azole cross-resistance was detected in almost all isolates (91.7%). In order to understand the azole resistance mechanistic basis, the efflux pump activity was assessed by rhodamine-6G. The C. haemulonii complex exhibited a significantly higher rhodamine-6G efflux than the other non-albicans Candida species tested (C. tropicalis, C. krusei, and C. lusitaneae). Notably, the efflux pump inhibitors (Phe-Arg and FK506) reversed the fluconazole and voricolazole resistance phenotypes in the C. haemulonii species complex. Expression analysis indicated that the efflux pump (ChCDR1, ChCDR2, and ChMDR1) and ERG11 genes were not modulated by either fluconazole or voriconazole treatments. Further, ERG11 gene sequencing revealed several mutations, some of which culminated in amino acid polymorphisms, as previously reported in azole-resistant Candida spp. Collectively, these data point out the relevance of drug efflux pumps in mediating azole resistance in the C. haemulonii complex, and mutations in ERG11p may contribute to this resistance profile

Nighttime wind and scalar variability within and above an Amazonian canopy

Nocturnal turbulent kinetic energy (TKE) and fluxes of energy, CO2 and O3 between the Amazon forest and the atmosphere are evaluated for a 20-day campaign at the Amazon Tall Tower Observatory (ATTO) site. The distinction of these quantities between fully turbulent (weakly stable) and intermittent (very stable) nights is discussed. Spectral analysis indicates that low-frequency, nonturbulent fluctuations are responsible for a large portion of the variability observed on intermittent nights. In these conditions, the lowfrequency exchange may dominate over the turbulent transfer. In particular, we show that within the canopy most of the exchange of CO2 and H2O happens on temporal scales longer than 100 s. At 80 m, on the other hand, the turbulent fluxes are almost absent in such very stable conditions, suggesting a boundary layer shallower than 80 m. The relationship between TKE and mean winds shows that the stable boundary layer switches from the very stable to the weakly stable regime during intermittent bursts of turbulence. In general, fluxes estimated with long temporal windows that account for low-frequency effects are more dependent on the stability over a deeper layer above the forest than they are on the stability between the top of the canopy and its interior, suggesting that low-frequency processes are controlled over a deeper layer above the forest. © Author(s) 2018

A survey on gram-negative bacteria in saffron finches (Sicalis flaveola) from illegal wildlife trade in Brazil

Passerines such as canaries or finches are the most unlawfully captured species that are sent to wildlife centers in São Paulo, Brazil. Captured birds may have infection by opportunistic bacteria in stressful situations. This fact becomes relevant when seized passerine are reintroduced. The aim of this study was to evaluate the health state of finches from illegal wildlife trade using microbiological approaches. Microbiological samples were collected by cloacal and tracheal swabs of 100 birds, captured during 2012 and 2013. The results indicate high frequency of gram-negative bacteria in feces and oropharynx, especially from the Enterobacteriaceae family (97.5%). The most frequent genera were Escherichia coli (46.5%) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (10.4%). Enterobacter cloacae, Serratia liquefaciens, Serratia spp. Klebsiella oxytoca and Citrobacter freundii were isolated with lower frequency from asymptomatic birds. The presence of enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) and Shiga toxin-producing strain (STEC) confirm the zoonotic risks and public health concern.No Estado de São Paulo, Brasil, os pássaros como os canários-da-terra têm sido uma das espécies mais frequentemente resgatadas do tráfico illegal e enviadas aos centros de vida selvagem. Em situações de estresse estas aves podem ser acometidas por infecções causadas por bactérias oportunistas. Este fato é de grande importância quando é planejada da reintrodução das aves na natureza. O presente trabalho foi delineado para avaliar o estado de saúde de canários-da-terra resgatados do tráfico ilegal. Foram colhidas soabes da traqueia e da cloaca de 100 aves resgatadas durante os anos de 2012 e 2013. Os resultados obtidos revelaram alta frequência de bactérias gram-negativas nas fezes e no orofaringe dos animais, com maior frequência para os membros da família Enterobacteriaceae (97,5%). Os gêneros mais frequentes foram Escherichia coli (46,55) e Klebsiella pneumoniae (10,4%). Outros microorganismos incluindo Enterobacter cloacae, Serratia liquefaciens, Serratia spp, Klebsiella oxytoca e Citrobacter freundii também foram isolados em menor frequencia de aves assintomáticas. A presença de estirpes de Escherichia coli enteropagênicas (EPEC) e as produtoras da toxina de Shiga confirmam o risco de zoonose e a importância para saúde pública deste tipo de ave.

Dinâmicas de (investig)ação em contextos de promoção da língua portuguesa: a presença do CIDTFF na rede Camões, I.P.

Sem resumo disponível.publishe

SARS-CoV-2 introductions and early dynamics of the epidemic in Portugal

Genomic surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 in Portugal was rapidly implemented by the National Institute of Health in the early stages of the COVID-19 epidemic, in collaboration with more than 50 laboratories distributed nationwide. Methods By applying recent phylodynamic models that allow integration of individual-based travel history, we reconstructed and characterized the spatio-temporal dynamics of SARSCoV-2 introductions and early dissemination in Portugal. Results We detected at least 277 independent SARS-CoV-2 introductions, mostly from European countries (namely the United Kingdom, Spain, France, Italy, and Switzerland), which were consistent with the countries with the highest connectivity with Portugal. Although most introductions were estimated to have occurred during early March 2020, it is likely that SARS-CoV-2 was silently circulating in Portugal throughout February, before the first cases were confirmed. Conclusions Here we conclude that the earlier implementation of measures could have minimized the number of introductions and subsequent virus expansion in Portugal. This study lays the foundation for genomic epidemiology of SARS-CoV-2 in Portugal, and highlights the need for systematic and geographically-representative genomic surveillance.We gratefully acknowledge to Sara Hill and Nuno Faria (University of Oxford) and Joshua Quick and Nick Loman (University of Birmingham) for kindly providing us with the initial sets of Artic Network primers for NGS; Rafael Mamede (MRamirez team, IMM, Lisbon) for developing and sharing a bioinformatics script for sequence curation (https://github.com/rfm-targa/BioinfUtils); Philippe Lemey (KU Leuven) for providing guidance on the implementation of the phylodynamic models; Joshua L. Cherry (National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health) for providing guidance with the subsampling strategies; and all authors, originating and submitting laboratories who have contributed genome data on GISAID (https://www.gisaid.org/) on which part of this research is based. The opinions expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not reflect the view of the National Institutes of Health, the Department of Health and Human Services, or the United States government. This study is co-funded by Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia and Agência de Investigação Clínica e Inovação Biomédica (234_596874175) on behalf of the Research 4 COVID-19 call. Some infrastructural resources used in this study come from the GenomePT project (POCI-01-0145-FEDER-022184), supported by COMPETE 2020 - Operational Programme for Competitiveness and Internationalisation (POCI), Lisboa Portugal Regional Operational Programme (Lisboa2020), Algarve Portugal Regional Operational Programme (CRESC Algarve2020), under the PORTUGAL 2020 Partnership Agreement, through the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF), and by Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT).info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio