RELAÇÕES DE PODER NO DOMÍNIO DA EDUCAÇÃO E DA ARTE: DIÁLOGO ENTRE GOFFMAN, FOUCAULT E BOURDIEU

Este artigo desenvolve uma reflexão que procura estabelecer a possibilidade de um diálogo de Goffman com Foucault e Bourdieu. O objetivo é propor um debate conceitual em torno da noção de poder nas perspectivas teóricas destes autores, fazendo aproximações com os campos da arte e da educação, abordados através de experiências empíricas distintas. O argumento central do artigo assenta sob campos de pesquisa interdependentes – Cultura, Educação e Arte – desenvolvidos em três pesquisas em andamento. No domínio da arte, a investigação se dá em torno do espaço da resistência e criatividade frente às formas de dominação do campo. Em seguida, ao tratar de educação, a investigação se alinha na abordagem do poder como instrumento de dominação, sujeição e disciplina. Busca-se como possibilidade, o diálogo entre uma perspectiva orientada para uma tradição microssociológica concentrada na análise na interação situacional e uma abordagem de poder entendido no seu sentido relacional. Parte-se do pressuposto de que para uma teorização do sujeito moderno, descentrado e relacional, só é possível a partir de um diálogo entre uma abordagem que considere ação e estrutura como partes indissociáveis da relação social

Attenuating use of biofertilizers and saline waters in jackfruit seedlings biomass / Uso atenuador de biofertilizantes e águas salinas na biomassa de mudas de jaqueiras

The salinity is one of the agriculture main obstacles worldwide, limiting plant growth and development. However, the use of biofertilizers can be a viable alternative to mitigate the effect of salinity. In this way, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of irrigation water salinity on two jackfruit varieties seedlings formation under the application of common and enriched bovine biofertilizers, respectively. In that sense, an experiment was carried out in a greenhouse in the period of october/2016 to february/2017, in the Federal University of Paraiba (FUPB), in the county of Areia, Paraiba state, Brazil. The substrate was collected from the 10 cm depht of a Distrophic Regolithic Neossol. The experimental design was completely randomized (DCR), in factorial scheme 5x3x2, with three replications, referring to the electrical conductivity levels of the irrigation water (0.5; 1.0; 2.0; 3.0 and 4.0 dS m-1), two types of biofertilizer (common biofertilizer; enriched biofertilizer; absence of biofertilizer) and two jackfruit varieties (soft and hard jackfruit), packed in black polyethylene bags with a maximum capacity of 3.0 kg, totaling 90 treatments. The biofertilizer was diluted in non-saline water in the proportion of 1:3, it was applied only once to 10% of the volume of substrate, days two before sowing. The studied variables were - leaf area (LR); root area (RA); root diameter (RD); biomass allocation (BA); root dry mass (RDM); dry mass of aerial (AP) part and total dry mass (TDM). Biofertilizers did not inhibit but positively attenuate the harmful effects of excessive salt content in the irrigation water on jackfruit phytomass production. The growth and development of the jacfruits seedlings was positively expressed in the treatments with rich and common biofertilizer, respectively

Poucos que sobrevivem: Relatos de violências, galeras e cinema no Piauí

O artigo resulta de uma investigação acerca das dinâmicas da violência nas periferias da cidade de Teresina, Piauí, a partir dos relatos de 9 moradores das zonas periféricas da cidade, que tiveram suas vidas diretamente afetadas pela violência e o crime. Os relatos fazem parte do documentário intitulado Poucos que Sobrevivem (2021), realizado pelos pesquisadores a partir das incursões de investigações do Núcleo de Pesquisas sobre Crianças, Adolescentes e Jovens (NUPEC) da Universidade Federal do Piauí, entre os anos de 2019 e 2021. A pesquisa reúne relatos em torno das dinâmicas criminais na periferia, das representações do cárcere, da violência policial, das formações de galeras e das formas de reinvenção da vida. A produção da pesquisa e do documentário se inserem no contexto histórico da escalada da violência no Estado do Piauí, e ainda, faz uso da aproximação entre audiovisual e técnicas de investigações sociais.El artículo es el resultado de una investigación sobre la dinámica de la violencia en la periferia de la ciudad de Teresina, Piauí, a partir de los relatos de 9 habitantes de la periferia de la ciudad, cuyas vidas fueron directamente afectadas por la violencia y el crimen. Los reportajes forman parte del documental titulado Pocos que sobreviven (2021), realizado por los investigadores a partir de las investigaciones realizadas por el Centro de Investigaciones sobre Niños, Adolescentes y Jóvenes (NUPEC) de la Universidad Federal de Piauí, entre 2019 y 2021. La investigación reúne relatos en torno a la dinámica criminal en los suburbios, las representaciones de la prisión, la violencia policial, la formación de pandillas y formas de reinventar la vida. La producción de la investigación y el documental se insertan en el contexto histórico de la escalada de violencia en el Estado de Piauí, y además, hace uso de la aproximación entre técnicas audiovisuales y de investigación social.The article is the result of an investigation into the dynamics of violence in the suburbs of the city of Teresina, Piauí, based on the reports of 9 residents of the outlying areas of the city, whose lives were directly affected by violence and crime. The reports are part of the documentary entitled Few that Survive (2021), made by the researchers based on the investigations carried out by the Research Center for Children, Adolescents and Young People (NUPEC) at the Federal University of Piauí, between 2019 and 2021. The research brings together reports around the criminal dynamics in the suburbs, the representations of prison, police violence, the formation of gangs and ways of reinventing life. The production of the research and the documentary are inserted in the historical context of the escalation of violence in the State of Piauí, and also, makes use of the approximation between audiovisual and social investigation techniques

VIVÊNCIAS DE JOVENS TRANSMASCULINOS NA UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO PIAUÍ

O presente artigo é resultado de uma pesquisa qualitativa de caráter exploratório que aborda vivências de masculinidades transexuais em jovens universitários na cidade de Teresina. A investigação deu-se por meio da análise de discurso dos relatos autobiográficos em vídeo-depoimentos produzidos no documentário “Felicidade no olhar transbordou”, realizado por meio do Núcleo de Pesquisa sobre Crianças, Adolescentes e Jovens da Universidade Federal do Piauí (NUPEC-UFPI). A investigação é feita em diálogo com estudos de gênero e juventudes, evidenciando como esses estão interligados, bem como uma análise a respeito de políticas afirmativas de inserção de pessoas transgênero em instituições educacionais de ensino superior no Brasil, como a possibilidade de uso do nome social em 2015 e a retificação de nome e gênero em 2018. Conclui-se que as vivências juvenis de homens trans são perpassadas por situações de vulnerabilidade e risco social e, mesmo com ações afirmativas, como as citadas, ocorrem violências institucionais e até mesmo agressões diretas, essas motivadas por preconceito movido por um discurso de ódio contra transgêneros

Academic development in technical high school courses in the north region of Brazil: overcoming obstacles and promoting engagement

Continuous development in academic learning can be hindered by rigid rules, resulting in a disconnection between students and the learning process. Promoting socialization and a sense of belonging in the academic environment contributes to student satisfaction. The ability to manage emotions is crucial when facing social challenges, preventing the emergence of emotional instabilities. This article presents a literature review that addresses the teaching and learning process. Based on this review, a structured questionnaire was developed and administered to 108 students from the integrated technical courses at the Tarauacá campus of IFAC, with the purpose of collecting relevant data on their perceptions, opinions, and experiences. Through this process, the psychological consequences of these aspects and their impact on academic performance and learning were aimed to be understood. Upon analyzing the selected studies and the questionnaire results, it is evident that there are practical, cognitive, and emotional challenges that affect students' learning process. To overcome these obstacles, it is important to address issues such as social pressure, differences in learning pace, and inappropriate practices, creating a positive learning environment and adapting pedagogical approaches to students' needs. The constructive approaches proposed in the reviewed studies positively influence students' academic performance, stimulating essential skills and promoting a holistic education. However, it is necessary to rethink the structure of education to keep students motivated, considering issues such as school dropout caused by challenges like remote campus location and financial limitations.Continuous development in academic learning can be hindered by rigid rules, resulting in a disconnection between students and the learning process. Promoting socialization and a sense of belonging in the academic environment contributes to student satisfaction. The ability to manage emotions is crucial when facing social challenges, preventing the emergence of emotional instabilities. This article presents a literature review that addresses the teaching and learning process. Based on this review, a structured questionnaire was developed and administered to 108 students from the integrated technical courses at the Tarauacá campus of IFAC, with the purpose of collecting relevant data on their perceptions, opinions, and experiences. Through this process, the psychological consequences of these aspects and their impact on academic performance and learning were aimed to be understood. Upon analyzing the selected studies and the questionnaire results, it is evident that there are practical, cognitive, and emotional challenges that affect students' learning process. To overcome these obstacles, it is important to address issues such as social pressure, differences in learning pace, and inappropriate practices, creating a positive learning environment and adapting pedagogical approaches to students' needs. The constructive approaches proposed in the reviewed studies positively influence students' academic performance, stimulating essential skills and promoting a holistic education. However, it is necessary to rethink the structure of education to keep students motivated, considering issues such as school dropout caused by challenges like remote campus location and financial limitations

Diametric structure in a community of shrub-tree Caatinga, municipality of Floresta, state of Pernambuco, Brazil

This study aimed to analyze the diametric structure of the stand and of five species of highest importance value for a Caatinga area, located in the municipality of Floresta, state of Pernambuco, Brazil. The work was developed from 40 sample units of 400 m² each, systematically allocated. All individuals with tree circumference at the base (0.30 m) greater than or equal to 6 cm were measured. The "q" quotient of De Liocourt was used to verify discrepancies between recruitment rates and mortality. We reported that, for the studied area, the species Poincianella bracteosa(Tul.) L. P. Queiroz, Mimosa ophthalmocentra Mart. ex Benth., Aspidosperma pyrifolium Mart., Myracrodum urundeuva(Engl.) Fr. All., and Bauhinia cheilanta(Bong). Steud represented 77.25% of the total density sampled. The diametric distributions indicated that regeneration occurs continuously. Through the "q" quotient, it can be inferred that, for the study stand, Myracrodum urundeuva and Poincianella bracteosa, the individual’s mortality has been compensated by recruitment in different diameter classes. However, the diametrical structure for Mimosa ophthalmocentra, Aspidosperma pyrifolium, and Bauhinia cheilanta indicated problems of maintenance and development for these species

Histomoniasis in Peacock (Pavo cristatus) in the Potiguar Semiarid

Background: Histomoniasis is a disease caused by Histomonas meleagridis, a flagellated protozoan that can cause severe necrotizing hepatitis and typhlitis in several bird species. The disease has a cosmopolitan distribution. In experimental infection, peacocks (Pavo spp.) showed susceptibility to histomoniasis, however there are few reports on natural histomoniasis in this species. In northeastern Brazil, reports about its occurrence in avian species are scarce and nonexistent in peacocks. Therefore, this report aims to describe the epidemiological and clinicopathological aspects of a histomoniasis case in a peacock (Pavo cristatus) in the Brazilian semiarid region.Case: A 3-month-old male peacock with a history of apathy and anorexia was attended in the Veterinary Hospital of the Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido (UFERSA), Mossoró, RN, Brazil. The animal was raised extensively in a farm without basic sanitary measures, also with a history of living with animals of different species. After clinical examination, in which intense apathy and weight loss were confirmed, the bird was submitted to emergency therapeutic measures, however there was no clinical improvement and the bird died. At necropsy, intense diffuse bilateral necrotizing typhlitis and multifocal to coalescent necrotizing hepatitis were observed. Fragments of the organs were collected in 10% formaldehyde buffered with phosphate-saline buffer for histopathological analysis and cecal content were collected for microbiological analysis. Histopathology of the cecum revealed transmural necrotizing typhlitis associated with myriads of trophozoites morphologically compatible with Histomonas meleagridis. The same microorganisms observed in association with necrotizing hepatitis lesions, which allowed the diagnosis of histomoniasis. Also, the bacterium Pantoea agglomerans was isolated from the cecal content.Discussion: The macroscopic and microscopic findings allowed the diagnosis and the first recording of histomoniasis in peacock in the semi-arid region of Rio Grande do Norte. The bird was raised in an extensive breeding and without sanitary management, such as the use of anthelmintics, which may favor infection by the nematode Heterakis gallinarum, that’ transmits the protozoan Histomonas meleagridis. The contamination, which begins by the orofecal route, happens through the ingestion of eggs of the nematode contaminated with H. meleagridis that pass through the gastrointestinal tract, reaching the ceca and causing intense lesions in the organ, such as the bilateral transmural typhlitis that we observed in this case. From ceca, the protozoan has access to the bloodstream and reaches the liver, where it causes necrotic hepatitis, also present in the peacock. Both cecal and hepatic lesions were associated with myriads of microorganisms morphologically compatible with H. meleagridis, which allowed the diagnosis of the disease. The challenge in diagnosing this disease occurs mainly due to nonspecific clinical signs, such as apathy and weight loss, the only signs reported by the breeder and observed in this peacock. Confirmation of the occurrence of histomoniasis in any region is important to establish the disease among the differential diagnoses for the species, as in this case. Since this is the first report of peacock histomoniasis in the semi-arid region of Rio Grande do Norte, it is evident the need to consider the disease among possible diagnoses in cases of nonspecific symptoms and it also demonstrates the need to implement control and prophylaxis measures in peacock breeding aiming to avoid losses of birds and economic losses to the breeders and to promote quality of life to the animals

Níveis de desenvolvimento econômico dos municípios cearenses sob a perspectiva da criminalidade

A presente pesquisa tem como objetivo identificar níveis de desenvolvimento nos municípios cearenses dado as mudanças sociais e econômicas em que o estado tem passado nos últimos anos. Posto isto, foi feita uma análise utilizando os dados de desenvolvimento econômico fornecidos pela Firjan, os quais comportam-se em três importantes dimensões: saúde, educação e emprego e renda. Com base em dados do IFDM para o ano de 2010 e de criminalidade para o estado do Ceará nos anos de 2004 a 2011, obtidos a partir da Secretaria de Segurança Pública e Defesa Social do Estado do Ceará – SSPDS/CE, estimou-se uma equação do desenvolvimento econômico dos municípios cearenses adotando como função alguns indicadores socioeconômicos. A partir dos resultados obtidos, pode-se observar que estes municípios têm apresentado significativos níveis de desenvolvimento. Vale destacar, que aqueles municípios que apresentaram nível de desenvolvimento econômico, tiveram consigo o incômodo aumento do índice de criminalidade