Repair of critical-size defects with autogenous periosteum-derived cells combined with bovine anorganic apatite/collagen: an experimental study in rat calvaria

The aim of this study was to evaluate the bone repair using autogenous periosteum-derived cells (PDC) and bovine anorganic apatite and collagen (HA-COL). PDC from Wistar rats (n=10) were seeded on HA-COL discs and subjected to osteoinduction during 6 days. Critical-size defects in rat calvarias were treated with blood clot (G1), autogenous bone (G2), HA-COL (G3) and HA-COL combined with PDC (G4) (n=40), and then analyzed 1 and 3 months after surgeries. Radiographic analysis exhibited no significant temporal change. G1 and G2 had discrete new marginal bone, but the radiopacity of graft materials in G2, G3 and G4 impaired the detection of osteogenesis. At 3 months, histopathological analysis showed the presence of ossification islets in G1, which was more evident in G2, homogeneous new bone around HA-COL in G3 and heterogeneous new bone around HA-COL in G4 in addition to moderate presence of foreign body cells in G3 and G4. Histomorphometric analysis showed no change in the volume density of xenograft (p&gt;0.05) and bone volume density in G2 was twice greater than in G1 and G4 after 3 months (p<0.05), but similar to G3. The PDC did not increase bone formation in vivo, although the biomaterial alone showed biocompatibility and osteoconduction capacity.O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o reparo ósseo usando células derivadas de periósteo (PDC) e apatita inorgânica e colágeno bovinos (HA-COL). PDC de ratos Wistar (n=10) foram semeadas sobre discos de HA-COL e osteoinduzidas por 6 dias. Defeitos de tamanho crítico em calvárias de ratos foram tratados com coágulo sanguíneo (G1), osso autógeno (G2), HA-COL (G3) ou HA-COL associado a PDC (G4) (n=40) e analisados em 1 e 3 meses após as cirurgias. Análise radiográfica não exibiu mudança temporal significante, G1 e G2 tiveram aumento discreto de novo osso marginal, entretanto a radiopacidade dos materiais de enxerto em G2, G3 e G4 prejudicou a detecção de osteogênese. Análise histopatológica mostrou em 3 meses ilhotas de ossificação em G1 que foi maior em G2, novo osso homogêneo ao redor de HA-COL em G3 e novo osso heterogêneo ao redor de HA-COL em G4 além da presença moderada de células gigantes de corpo estranho em G3 e G4. Análise histomorfométrica mostrou a densidade de volume inalterada do xenoenxerto (p&gt;0,05) e a densidade de volume de novo osso em G2 duas vezes maior que G1 e G4 após 3 meses (p<0,05), mas similar a G3. PDC não aumentaram a formação óssea in vivo apesar do biomaterial sozinho ter apresentado biocompatibilidade e capacidade osteocondutora

Longitudinal study of patients with chronic Chagas cardiomyopathy in Brazil (SaMi-Trop project): a cohort profile.

PurposeWe have established a prospective cohort of 1959 patients with chronic Chagas cardiomyopathy to evaluate if a clinical prediction rule based on ECG, brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) levels, and other biomarkers can be useful in clinical practice. This paper outlines the study and baseline characteristics of the participants.ParticipantsThe study is being conducted in 21 municipalities of the northern part of Minas Gerais State in Brazil, and includes a follow-up of 2 years. The baseline evaluation included collection of sociodemographic information, social determinants of health, health-related behaviours, comorbidities, medicines in use, history of previous treatment for Chagas disease, functional class, quality of life, blood sample collection, and ECG. Patients were mostly female, aged 50-74 years, with low family income and educational level, with known Chagas disease for &gt;10 years; 46% presented with functional class &gt;II. Previous use of benznidazole was reported by 25.2% and permanent use of pacemaker by 6.2%. Almost half of the patients presented with high blood cholesterol and hypertension, and one-third of them had diabetes mellitus. N-terminal of the prohormone BNP (NT-ProBNP) level was &gt;300 pg/mL in 30% of the sample.Findings to dateClinical and laboratory markers predictive of severe and progressive Chagas disease were identified as high NT-ProBNP levels, as well as symptoms of advanced heart failure. These results confirm the important residual morbidity of Chagas disease in the remote areas, thus supporting political decisions that should prioritise in addition to epidemiological surveillance the medical treatment of chronic Chagas cardiomyopathy in the coming years. The São Paulo-Minas Gerais Tropical Medicine Research Center (SaMi-Trop) represents a major challenge for focused research in neglected diseases, with knowledge that can be applied in primary healthcare.Future plansWe will continue following this patients' cohort to provide relevant information about the development and progression of Chagas disease in remotes areas, with social and economic inequalities.Trial registration numberNCT02646943; Pre-results

Eficacia de las consultas realizadas por enfermeros en pacientes con artritis reumatoide : revisión sistemática

Enquadramento: Tradicionalmente, as pessoas com artrite reumatóide são monitorizadas apenas em consultas médicas. No entanto, vários estudos sugerem que este seguimento pode ser realizado também por enfermeiros, de forma protocolada. Objetivos: Determinar a eficácia das consultas de enfermagem no controlo da atividade da doença e de outros outcomes reportados em comparação com as consultas realizadas apenas por reumatologistas, em pessoas com artrite reumatóide. Método de Revisão: Seguiu-se a metodologia da Cochrane. Incluíram-se estudos em adultos com artrite reumatoide. Dois revisores independentes realizaram a avaliação crítica, extração e síntese dos dados. Apresentação e interpretação dos resultados: Os 7 estu- dos incluídos reportaram melhores resultados das consultas de enfermagem em termos de dor, capacidade funcional, qualidade de vida, autoeficácia, ou satisfação global. Destes estudos, 4 integraram a meta-análise que revelou não existir diferença estatisticamente significativa no controlo da atividade da doença entre enfermeiros e reumatologistas. Conclusão: As consultas de enfermagem são eficazes no controlo da atividade de doença, na redução do impacto sentido e na satisfação em pessoas com artrite reumatóide.Abstract Background: Traditionally, patients with rheumatoid arthritis are only monitored in medical consultations. However, several studies suggest that, with protocols, this follow-up can also be performed by nurses. Objectives: To determine the effectiveness of nursing consultations in controlling disease activity and other patient-reported outcomes compared to rheumatology consultations only, in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Review Method: The Cochranemethodology was followed. Studies that had been conducted with adults with rheumatoid arthritis were included. Critical appraisal, data extraction, and data synthesis were performed by 2 independent reviewers. Presentation and interpretation of results: The 7 studies included reported better outcomes of nursing consultations in terms of pain, physical function, quality of life, self-efficacy, or overall satisfaction. Of these, 4 studies were included in the meta-analysis, which revealed no statistically significant differences in the control of disease activity between nursing and rheumatology consultations. Conclusion: Nursing consultations are effective in controlling disease activity, reducing disease impact, and improving satisfaction in people with rheumatoid arthritis.Resumen Marco contextual: Normalmente a las personas con artritis reumatoide solo se las monitoriza en consultas médicas. Sin embargo, varios estudios sugieren que este seguimiento lo pueden realizar también los enfermeros, de forma protocolaria. Objetivos: Determinar la eficacia de las consultas de enfermería para controlar la actividad de la enfermedad y de otros resultados en comparación con las consultas realizadas solo por reumatólogos en pacientes con artritis reumatoide. Método de revisión: Se siguió la metodología de Cochrane. Se incluyeron estudios en adultos con artritis reumatoide. Dos revisores independientes realizaron una evaluación crítica, extracción y síntesis de los datos. Presentación e interpretación de los resultados: Los 7estudios incluidos registraron mejores resultados de las consultas de enfermería en relación al dolor, la capacidad funcional, la calidad de vida, la autoeficacia o la satisfacción global. De estos estudios, 4 formaron parte del metanálisis en el que se observó que no existía diferencia estadísticamente significativa en el control de la actividad de la enfermedad entre enfermeros y reumatólogos. Conclusión: Las consultas de enfermería son eficaces en el control de la actividad de la enfermedad, en la reducción del impacto sentido y en la satisfacción de los pacientes con artritis reumatoide.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Why not &#x22;do simple things in a simple way&#x22;: Use of the Pap test as the first step in screening genetic stability for human cultured stem cell therapy?

The aim of this study was to analyze adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AT-MSCs) using the Pap test as a first screening step to evaluate genetic stability. Human adipose tissue from six healthy female donors was obtained from elective liposuction procedures. The cells were isolated, cultivated at P2/P3, characterized by flow cytometric analysis, and differentiation induced. The AT-MSCs were stained by Papanicolaou staining and analyzed according to the Bethesda classification, and viability-apoptosis relationships were evaluated. The results of the Pap test for Sample I indicated high-grade alterations consistent with genetic instability; for Samples II-V, atypical cells of undetermined significance; and for Sample VI, normal cells. These results demonstrate the potential of using the Pap test as an initial screening step to evaluate the genetic stability of cultured AT-MSCs and also suggest its use for other adherent cells such as embryonic stem cells or induced pluripotent stem cells

Nitrogen fractions in a Luvisol under agroforestry and conventional systems in the semi-arid zone of Ceará, Brazil

Os sistemas agroflorestais têm sido amplamente promovidos como sistemas de produção agrícola sustentáveis, principalmente para regiões subdesenvolvidas, onde o uso de insumos externos é inviável. Este trabalho objetivou avaliar o impacto de quatro sistemas agroflorestais e um sistema convencional sobre os teores de N total, mineral e em diferentes frações orgânicas, após cinco anos de uso de um Luvissolo na região semi-árida cearense, em experimento instalado na Embrapa Caprinos, em Sobral (CE). Os sistemas testados foram: agrossilvipastoril (AGP); silvipastoril (SILV); tradicional cultivado em 1998 e 1999 (TR98); tradicional cultivado em 2002 (TR02); cultivo convencional (CC); e uma área de Caatinga (CA). Nas amostras de solo, avaliaram-se os teores de N total, N-NH4+, N-NO3-, N microbiano, N da matéria orgânica leve (livre e oclusa) e o N das substâncias húmicas. Os resultados indicaram que todos os tratamentos condicionaram elevados teores de N-NO3-, representando entre 10,3 e 23,5 % dos teores de N total. O sistema CC reduziu os teores de N total e das frações das substâncias húmicas em 38 e 44 %, respectivamente, na camada superficial do solo. Dentre os sistemas agroflorestais, os sistemas AGP e TR98 causaram redução significativa dos teores de N total, N da matéria orgânica leve (livre e oclusa) e N das substâncias húmicas. O tratamento SILV preservou e, em alguns casos, aumentou os teores de N do solo e, portanto, constituiu um sistema que pode ser recomendado como uma alternativa sustentável de manejo do solo para o semi-árido cearense.The agroforestry systems have been widely promoted as one sustainable agricultural system, mainly for developing areas, where the external use of resources are not feasible. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of one conventional and four agroforestry systems on the contents of total soil nitrogen, mineral nitrogen and different organic nitrogen fractions after five years of experimental cultivation on a Luvisol (Alfisol). The study area was in the semi-arid zone at the National Caprine Research Center (CNPC) of Embrapa, Ceará, Brazil. The following treatments were tested: agrosilvopasture (AGP), silvopasture (SILV), traditional agroforestry in 1998 and 1999 (TR98), traditional agroforestry in 2002 (TR02), conventional cropping (CC), and seasonally dry native vegetation ("Caatinga") (CA). Total-N, N-NH4+, N-NO3-, microbial-N, light organic matter N (free and occluded) and N in the humic substances were evaluated. Results indicated high nitrate-N (NO3-) content in all treatments, accounting for 10.3 to 23.5 % of the total N. The CC treatment reduced the total N and N in humic substances by 38 and 44 %, respectively. The AGP and TR98 agroforestry treatments significantly reduced N in the light organic matter and in humic substances. On the other hand, the SILV system preserved, and in some cases, improved the concentration of the soil. This system can therefore be recommended as a sustainable alternative for soil management in the semi-arid region of Ceará state.CAPES - Programa de Cooperação Acadêmic

TP53 gene polymorphisms at codons 11, 72, and 248 and association with endometriosis in a Brazilian population

We evaluated the association between TP53 gene polymorphisms and endometriosis in Brazilian women. Genomic DNA was extracted from swabs of buccal cells collected from hospital patients. TP53 gene polymorphisms were investigated at three codons: TP53*11 Glu/Gln or Lys (GAG->CAG or AAG), TP53*72 Arg/Pro (CCG->CCC), and TP53*248 Arg/Thr (CGG->TCG) using the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism method. TP53*11 presented the following genotypic distribution: the control group was 98.28% homozygous wild-type (Glu) and 1.72% homozygous variant (Gln/Lys), and the heterozygous genotype was not identified. the genotypic distribution in the endometriosis group was 96% homozygous wild-type (Glu) and 4% heterozygous (Glu-Gln/Lys); the homozygous variant genotype was not identified (P = 0.02). TP53*72 showed the following genotypic distribution: the control group was 29.75% homozygous wild-type (Arg), 47.11% heterozygous (Arg-Pro), and 23.14% homozygous variant (Pro). the genotypic distribution in the endometriosis group was 16.15% homozygous wildtype (Arg), 51.54% heterozygous (Arg-Pro), and 32.31% homozygous variant (Pro) (odds ratio = 2.26; 95% confidence interval = 1.19-4.03; P = 0.02). Only one patient had the homozygous TP53*248 genotype (Arg-Trp/Gln); all other patients were homozygous wild-type in both the control and endometriosis groups (P = 0.51; NS). We found that TP53*72 polymorphism may be associated with susceptibility to endometriosis; the presence of at least 1 polymorphic allele increased the chance of disease development by 2.26-fold. Hence, this genetic variant is a potential candidate marker for endometriosis.Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Escola Paulista Med, Dept Ginecol, Lab Ginecol Mol & Prote, São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Escola Paulista Med, Dept Ginecol, Lab Ginecol Mol & Prote, São Paulo, BrazilFAPESP: 09/53000-2Web of Scienc

Origem dos contrastes texturais de horizontes subsuperficiais em solos do Pantanal Norte

The Pantanal region can be characterized as a quaternary floodplain with predominant sedimentation in the form of alluvial fans. In the geomorphologic and sedimentary evolution, the avulsion process is inherent to this depositional system and its dynamics, together with surface water floods, influence soil sedimentation on this plain. The knowledge and differentiation of these two events can contribute to a better understanding of the variability of soil properties and distribution under the influence of these sedimentation processes. Therefore, this study investigated the genesis of soils in the Northern Pantanal with textural contrasts in deeper horizons and their relationship with the depositional system dynamics. We analyzed four soil profiles in the region of Barão de Melgaço, Mato Grosso State, Brazil (RPPN SESC Pantanal). Two profiles were sampled near the Rio Cuiabá (AP1 and AP4) and two near the Rio São Lourenço (AP10 and AP11). In AP11, the horizons contrast in particle size between the profile basis and the surface. In AP1, AP4 and AP10, the horizons overlaying the sand layer have similar particle size properties, mainly in terms of sand distribution. In the first case, floods (surface water) seem to have originated the horizons and layers with contrasting texture. In the second case, avulsion is the most pronounced process. Therefore, the two modes can form soils with contrasting texture that are discriminable by soil morphology, based on the distinct features associated to the specific sedimentation processes.O Pantanal caracteriza-se por ser uma planície inundável quaternária, com sedimentação predominantemente na forma de leques aluviais. Na evolução geomorfológica e sedimentar, é inerente a esse sistema deposicional o processo de avulsão, cuja dinâmica, associada aos fluxos de águas superficiais de cheias, impõe diferenças sedimentares importantes nessa planície. O entendimento e a diferenciação desses dois eventos podem ajudar na compreensão da variabilidade dos atributos e da distribuição dos solos associados a esses processos sedimentares. Nesse sentido, o objetivo deste trabalho foi estudar a gênese de solos do Pantanal Norte que apresentam contrastes texturais em profundidade e sua relação com a dinâmica do sistema deposicional. Quatro perfis foram estudados na região de Barão de Melgaço, MT (RPPN SESC Pantanal), dois próximos ao rio Cuiabá (AP1 e AP4) e dois próximos ao rio São Lourenço (AP10 e AP11). No AP11, os horizontes apresentam contrastes granulométricos desde a base do perfil até a superfície. No AP1, AP4 e AP10, os horizontes sobrejacentes a uma camada arenosa possuem granulometria semelhante entre si, principalmente na distribuição de areia. No primeiro caso, os fluxos de cheias, ou seja, de águas superficiais, parecem ter originado os horizontes e as camadas contrastantes na textura; no segundo, a avulsão é o processo mais evidente. Dessa forma, as duas vias podem formar solos com contrastes texturais e é possível distingui-los no campo pela morfologia, pois possuem peculiaridades que estão associadas aos processos sedimentares responsáveis pelos depósitos.Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Embrapa Solos UEP RecifeFederal University of São PauloFederal University of Mato GrossoUniversity of São Paulo CENAUSP ESALQUNIFESPFAPESP: 2009/50422-3FAPESP: 2011/11905-9SciEL

Quality of life and self-esteem after mastectomy in patients who did or did not undergo breast reconstruction

BACKGROUND: The number of breast cancer cases has sharply increased in the Brazilian population. Therefore, quality of life (QOL) and self-esteem (SE) are major causes of concern since removal of the breast can have substantial psychological and physical impacts. With the advancement of surgical techniques, however, breast reconstruction has become a standard procedure, even in the Brazilian Public Health System. METHODS: In this exploratory qualitative study, 22 recruited volunteers were divided into 2 groups: Group 1 (n = 11) consisted of women who underwent mastectomy, whereas Group 2 (n = 11) comprised women who underwent mastectomy plus breast reconstruction. All subjects completed the Rosenberg Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)/Escola Paulista de Medicina, European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire-C30, and Visual Analogue Scale questionnaires. RESULTS: Group 1 subjects had a lower average emotional function than Group 2 subjects. No statistically significant difference between the two groups was observed in the SE; however, statistically significant differences were noted according to age. No differences in pain level were seen between groups . CONCLUSIONS: Women who did not undergo breast reconstruction were more emotionally fragile; however, further studies are required in an effort to obtain more statistically relevant values.INTRODUÇÃO: O número de casos de câncer de mama vem crescendo abruptamente na população brasileira. Portanto a qualidade de vida (QV) e a autoestima são pautas importantes quando o assunto é abordado, visto que a retirada da mama pode causar grande impacto tanto psicológico como físico. Entretanto, com o avanço de técnicas cirúrgicas, a reconstrução de mama já é prática constante até mesmo no Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS). MÉTODO: Trata-se de um estudo qualitativo de caráter exploratório, que recrutou 22 voluntárias, divididas em dois grupos, de acordo com a cirurgia realizada. O grupo 1 (n = 11) foi formado por mulheres mastectomizadas e o grupo 2 (n = 11), por mulheres pós-reconstrução da mama. As voluntárias dos dois grupos responderam aos questionários de Rosenberg UNIFESP/EPM, EORTC QLQ-C30 e EVA. RESULTADOS: Os resultados sugerem que, em relação à qualidade de vida, quando se observa a função emocional, as voluntárias do grupo 1 apresentam pior média em relação ao grupo 2. Em relação à autoestima, não foi observada diferença estatisticamente significante entre os dois grupos; porém, quando considerada a idade, os resultados apresentam diferenças estatisticamente significantes. Quanto ao nível de dor, os grupos não apresentaram diferença estatisticamente significante. CONCLUSÕES: Os resultados obtidos revelam que mulheres que ainda não passaram pela reconstrução mamária possuem maior fragilidade emocional, porém novos estudos devem ser realizados para obtenção de valores estatisticamente mais relevantes.Universidade Anhembi Morumbi Estética e Fisioterapia DermatofuncionalUniversidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP) Escola Paulista de Medicina Disciplina de Cirurgia PlásticaSociedade Brasileira de Cirurgia PlásticaUNIFESP-EPMSBCPUAMUNIFESP Disciplina de Cirurgia PlásticaUNIFESP, EPM, Disciplina de Cirurgia PlásticaUNIFESP-EPMUNIFESP, Disciplina de Cirurgia PlásticaSciEL

Low coverage sequencing for repetitive DNA analysis in Passiflora edulis Sims: Citogenomic characterization of transposable elements and satellite DNA

Background: The cytogenomic study of repetitive regions is fundamental for the understanding of morphofunctional mechanisms and genome evolution. Passiflora edulis a species of relevant agronomic value, this work had its genome sequenced by next generation sequencing and bioinformatics analysis performed by RepeatExplorer pipeline. The clusters allowed the identification and characterization of repetitive elements (predominant contributors to most plant genomes). The aim of this study was to identify, characterize and map the repetitive DNA of P. edulis, providing important cytogenomic markers, especially sequences associated with the centromere. Results: Three clusters of satellite DNAs (69, 118 and 207) and seven clusters of Long Terminal Repeat (LTR) retrotransposons of the superfamilies Ty1/Copy and Ty3/Gypsy and families Angela, Athila, Chromovirus and Maximus-Sire (6, 11, 36, 43, 86, 94 and 135) were characterized and analyzed. The chromosome mapping of satellite DNAs showed two hybridization sites co-located in the 5S rDNA region (PeSat_1), subterminal hybridizations (PeSat_3) and hybridization in four sites, co-located in the 45S rDNA region (PeSat_2). Most of the retroelements hybridizations showed signals scattered in the chromosomes, diverging in abundance, and only the cluster 6 presented pericentromeric regions marking. No satellite DNAs and retroelement associated with centromere was observed. Conclusion: P. edulis has a highly repetitive genome, with the predominance of Ty3/Gypsy LTR retrotransposon. The satellite DNAs and LTR retrotransposon characterized are promising markers for investigation of the evolutionary patterns and genetic distinction of species and hybrids of Passiflora

Staphylococcus saprophyticus Recovered from Humans, Food, and Recreational Waters in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

Staphylococcus saprophyticus is an important agent of urinary tract infection (UTI) in young women, but information about this pathogen in human microbiota and in common environment is lacking. The aim of this study was to characterize S. saprophyticus isolates from genitoanal microbiota of 621 pregnant women, 10 minas cheese packs, and five beaches in Rio de Janeiro city and compare PFGE profiles of these isolates with five UTI PFGE clusters described in this city. We investigated 65 S. saprophyticus isolates from microbiota, 13 from minas cheese, and 30 from beaches and 32 UTI isolates. Antimicrobial resistance was determined by disk diffusion, MIC by agar dilution, and PCR. Erythromycin-resistance genes erm(C), msr(A), msr(B), mph(C), and lin(A) were found in 93% of isolates. Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole resistance correlated with dfrG or dfrA genes. Three cefoxitin-resistant isolates carried the mecA gene. All isolates obtained from cheese were susceptible to all antimicrobial agents. Six of 10 pregnant women with &gt;1 isolate had monoclonal colonization. Isolates from pregnant women shared 100% similarity with UTI PFGE cluster types A and E obtained almost 10 years previously, suggesting temporal persistence of S. saprophyticus. Antimicrobial resistance of beach isolates reflected the profiles of human isolates. Taken together, results indicate a shared source for human and environmental isolates