Social connection in organizations: the effects of local ties on job engagement and performance

Neste artigo, teve-se como objetivo examinar o efeito dos laços locais dos atores organizacionais em seu grau de engajamento e desempenho no trabalho. O estudo foi realizado por meio de um survey com 249 respondentes. O efeito dos laços locais (i.e., laços do ego) foi analisado por meio do grau de conexão social intraorganizacional. O engajamento foi mensurado nas dimensões física, cognitiva e emocional. O desempenho foi representado pelo grau de consecução das tarefas. Os resultados apontam que apenas o engajamento cognitivo e o desempenho são influenciados pelo grau de conexão social intraorganizacional. Tais resultados são explorados nas conclusões do artigo.This study examines the effect of local ties of organizational actors on their degree of job engagement and performance. The study carried out a survey with 249 respondents and analyzed the effect of local ties (i.e., ties of the ego) through degrees of intra-organizational social connections. Engagement was measured in physical, cognitive, and emotional dimensions. Performance was represented by the degree of achievement in tasks. The results show that only cognitive engagement and performance are influenced by degrees of intra-organizational social connection. These results are explored in the conclusions of the article.El objetivo del presente trabajo fue examinar el efecto de los vínculos locales de los actores organizacionales en su nivel de compromiso y rendimiento en el trabajo. El estudio fue realizado por medio de un survey con 249 encuestados. Se evaluó el efecto de los vínculos locales (o sea, vínculos del ego) por medio del grado de conexión social intraorganizacional. El compromiso fue medido en las dimensiones física, cognitiva y emocional, y el desempeño fue representado por el grado de cumplimiento de las tareas. Los resultados indican que sólo el compromiso cognitivo y el desempeño están influenciados por el grado de conexión social intraorganizacional. Se detallan estos resultados en las conclusiones del artículo

Sobrequalificação no Trabalho e sua Influência sobre Atitudes e Comportamentos

In the organizational studies field, interest in the notion of competence has contributed to keeping the concept of overqualification at work outside of the mainstream. The research objective of this investigation intends to fill this gap: to verify the influence an individual’s Perceived Overqualification at work has on Satisfaction, Intention to leave an organization, and Cooperation within an organization. After developing hypotheses, 331 workers from 8 organizations were investigated via survey and the hypotheses were tested using Structural Equation Model. The results point out that, between the two Overqualification dimensions – Mismatch (having more skills than necessary for a function) and No Growth (restrictions to the development and use of skills), it is the No Growth factor that more significantly influences Satisfaction, Intention to leave an organization and Cooperative behavior. We further verified that the Mismatch dimension positively influences an individual’s cooperation within an organization

Non-HDL cholesterol is a good predictor of the risk of increased arterial stiffness in postmenopausal women in an urban Brazilian population

OBJECTIVES: Increased arterial stiffness is an important determinant of the risk of cardiovascular disease. Lipid profile impairment, especially hypercholesterolemia, is associated with stiffer blood vessels. Thus, the aim of this study was to determine which of the five circulating lipid components (high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL), total cholesterol (TC) and triglycerides) is the best predictor of increased arterial stiffness in an urban Brazilian population. METHODS: A random sample of 1,662 individuals from the general population of Vitoria, Brazil (25-64 years), was selected, and lipid components were measured using standard methods. Pulse wave velocity was measured using a non-invasive automatic device, and increased arterial stiffness was defined as a pulse wave velocity ≥10 m/s. RESULTS: In men, only total cholesterol (OR=1.59; CI=1.02 to 2.48, p=0.04) was associated with the risk of increased arterial stiffness. In women, HDL-C (OR=1.99; CI=1.18 to 3.35, p=0.01) and non-HDL-C (OR=1.61; CI=1.01 to 2.56, p=0.04) were good predictors of the risk of increased arterial stiffness. However, these associations were only found in postmenopausal women (OR=2.06; CI=1.00 to 4.26, p=0.05 for HDL-C and OR=1.83; CI=1.01 to 3.33, p=0.04 for non-HDL-C). CONCLUSION: Our findings indicate that both HDL-C and non-HDL-C are good predictors of the risk of increased arterial stiffness in postmenopausal women in an urban Brazilian population and may be useful tools for assessing the risk of arterial stiffness

Clinical correlates of plasma insulin levels over the life course and association with incident type 2 diabetes: the Framingham Heart Study

Introduction Insulin is a glucose-lowering hormone that affects carbohydrate, lipid, and protein metabolism. Limited data exist on the correlates of insulin levels over the life course in healthy community-dwelling individuals. Research design and methods Using multilevel modeling of multiple serial observations over 21 years, we assessed the longitudinal correlates of fasting insulin and the cross-sectional correlates of fasting and 2-hour (2h, post 75 g glucose challenge) plasma insulin concentrations in 2140 relatively healthy Framingham Heart Study participants without diabetes (61% women; mean age, 42 years). We used multivariable-adjusted Cox regression to relate glycemic markers (fasting and 2h-insulin, fasting glucose, 2h-glucose, and hemoglobin A1C) to the risk of type 2 diabetes during follow-up. Results Over the life course, fasting insulin concentrations were inversely associated with age, male sex, and physical activity, whereas waist circumference, the total/high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol ratio, and blood triglycerides were positively associated with insulin levels (p<0.005 for all). Male sex (inversely related) and the total/HDL cholesterol ratio (positively related) emerged as the most important cross-sectional correlates of 2h-insulin (p<0.005 for all). All markers were associated with higher risk of type 2 diabetes (352 cases, median follow-up 18 years, p<0.001 for all). Conclusions We observed common and distinct correlates of fasting and 2h-insulin levels. Our findings highlight a potential role of insulin in lipid and lipoprotein metabolism. Furthermore, fasting and 2h-insulin are critical markers of future diabetes risk. Further studies are needed to confirm our findings

Telemedicina em um Ambulatório de Síndrome de Down no Brasil durante a Pandemia do Covid-19

OBJECTIVE: This study aims to analyze the use of telemedicine during the Covid-19 pandemic (efficiency, effectiveness, positive and negative points as a modality of care) and educational and therapeutic parameters of the patient with Down syndrome during this period. METODOLOGY: Data were collected remotely using an online form created by the authors and answered by patients or their caregivers from the Down Syndrome Outpatient Clinic of a university hospital in the South of Brazil. RESULTS: 65 responses were received, with 44.6% of the participants residing in Curitiba, 32.3% in the metropolitan region, 12.3% in the interior of Paraná and 10.8% in other states. Twenty-eight (43.1%) receive the Continued Benefit of Social Assistance. As for education, 41.5% attended special schools, 26.2% regular education, 10.8% both regular education and special education, and 21.5% do not studied. During the pandemic, 81.3% had remote school activities, and 41.3% did not undergo therapy. Health needs were met with consultation through telemedicine in 96.7%. Strengths: not having to go to the clinic (59.4%), easy access to the consultation (71.9%), feeling comfortable with the telemedicine consultation (46.9%), feeling understood by doctors (42.2%), having their doubts and concerns answered (62.5%), not having to miss work (25%). Weakness: impossibility of carrying out the physical examination (100%), connection problems (18.6%), feeling uncomfortable with the telemedicine consultation (10%). CONCLUSION: Telemedicine was a viable option for patients with Down syndrome during the Covid-19 pandemic with many positive points. During the pandemic, 81.3% had remote school activities, and 41.3% didnt go to therapies

Cuidadoras de dependentes químicos: um estudo sobre a sobrecarga familiar

This study aimed to assess the level of burden placed on family caregivers of drug addicts in a sample of 115 female family members whose relatives were under a drug addiction treatment program in João Pessoa-PB. The study also examined the existence of differences in burden level and type of drug, place of treatment and sociodemographic variables. A sociodemographic questionnaire and a Caregiver Burden Inventory (Zarit Burden Interview) were administered. The results of both instruments were analyzed with SPSS 21. The level of burden was moderate to severe. Significant differences were found in relation to place of treatment and kinship, but not in relation to the type of drug (alcohol or crack). We hope that this study may assist the persons who take care in the treatment of a drug addiction.A presente pesquisa analisou o nível de sobrecarga de familiares cuidadores de dependentes químicos, com uma amostra de 115 familiares, do sexo feminino, cujos parentes estavam realizando tratamento de dependência química na cidade de João Pessoa-Pb e adjacências. Foram utilizados um questionário sociodemográfico e o Inventário de Sobrecarga do Cuidador (Zarit Burden Interview ”“ ZBI), analisado através do pacote estatístico SPSS ”“ PASW 21. Os resultados revelaram um índice significativo de sobrecarga nos familiares cuidadores, ressaltando a necessidade de profissionais envolvidos com a temática lidarem de forma mais assertiva no cuidado direcionado a familiares de dependentes químicos. No geral, a análise contribui para a construção de conhecimentos na área, porém sugere-se a realização de novas pesquisas

Consequências legais do rompimento da barragem da Vale s.a. em Brumadinho, MG

A Vale S.A. foi condenada a indenizar, por danos morais individuais, as famílias das vítimas fatais do rompimento da barragem de Brumadinho, em Minas Gerais. Tal tragédia gerou o óbito de 271 pessoas, sendo a maioria trabalhadores da mineradora. Apesar de, em decisão da 5ª Vara do Trabalho de Betim, a Vale S.A. ter sido condenada pelo ocorrido, a decisão excluiu trabalhadores terceirizados, autônomos e vítimas fatais, além das indenizações terem sido inferiores às observadas em casos semelhantes internacionais. A partir disso, houve a construção da Nota Técnica: Dano-morte, necroeconomia e dano existencial no rompimento da barragem da Vale S.A. em Brumadinho, MG – publicada em julho de 2021 pelo Polos de Cidadania. A presente Resenha Crítica analisa a Nota Técnica, resumindo seus principais pontos e discutindo, a partir de outras referências, as questões trazidas pela publicação

Agronomic potential, pest resistance, and fruit quality in BC1F3 dwarf round tomato populations

Combining broad pest resistance, high yield, and nutritional quality of fruit in the same hybrid is a challenge for round tomato breeders. Thus, development of a dwarf round tomato line for obtaining hybrids may be an excellent alternative for achieving such objectives. The aim of this study was to evaluate the agronomic potential, fruit quality, and pest resistance of BC1F3 dwarf round tomato populations. We evaluated 13 treatments and 4 replications. Treatments consisted of 10 BC1F3 dwarf populations originating from self-fertilization of dwarf populations selected in BC1F2, plus both parents (recurrent and donor) and a commercial hybrid. The traits evaluated were yield, number of fruit, mean weight, number of locules, shape, pulp thickness, longitudinal and transverse diameter of the fruit, precocity index, and soluble solids, β-carotene, lycopene, and acylsugar content. The data were analyzed through the means test. In general, there was an increase of up to 1035% in average fruit weight of the dwarf populations in relation to the donor parent. In addition, some dwarf populations had fruit with 49% more lycopene compared to the commercial hybrid, as well as greater acylsugar content in the leaves (273%). The UFU-DW22 dwarf population stood out with good agronomic potential, higher lycopene content in the fruit, and high acylsugar content, which provides pest resistance. To continue this research, a second backcross is suggested in order to obtain lines and, posteriorly, hybrids with round fruits and compact plants, pest resistance and nutritional quality of fruit

Niños conciencia: abordaje lúdica sobre los recursos naturales

O presente trabalho relata a incorporação de atividades com enfoque lúdico e didático em escolas das redes públicas e privadas com o intuito de propagar informações sobre o uso consciente de recursos naturais e eletricidade. Trata-se de uma ação educacional direcionada a alunos do ensino fundamental, realizada na cidade de Baependi, Minas Gerais.The present work reports an approach incorporating play in didactic activities directed at elementary school students in public and private schools in the city of Baependi, State of Minas Gerais, in order to foster and disseminate information about the conscientious use of natural resources and electricity. This educational activity was aimed at primary school students from the second to fifth grades, ranging from 6 to 10 years of age.El presente trabajo relata la incorporación de actividades con enfoque lúdico y didáctico dirigido a los estudiantes de la enseñanza fundamental, en escuelas de las redes públicas y privadas de la ciudad de Baependi, estado de Minas Gerais, con el propósito de fomentar y propagar informaciones sobre el uso consciente de Recursos naturales y de electricidad. Se trata de una acción educativa dirigida a alumnos de la enseñanza fundamental, realizada en la ciudad de Baependi, Minas Gerais de las segundas a las quintas series, en el grupo de edad variando entre 6 a 10 años de edad

MÉTODO EDUCACIONAL INFANTIL NA PREVENÇÃO E COMBATE À DENGUE, ZIKA VÍRUS E CHIKUNGUNYA

Desde o século 19 o continente americano é palco de epidemias de dengue e, ainda nos dias de hoje os óbitos e impactos negativos nos setores de saúde, social e financeiro decorrentes do grande número de pessoas afetadas, incidem sobre diversos países do mundo. A situação complica-se ainda mais em 2016 quando a tríade de enfermidades transmitidas pelos mosquitos Aedes aegypti e Ae. albopictus começa a apresentar surtos: Dengue, Febre Chikungunya e Zika. É evidente a necessidade de se traçar programas que incentivem o combate aos vetores de forma eficaz. Toda a população deve ser convocada a participar de ações diárias de eliminação de focos de água parada, sendo essa a forma mais eficiente, até o momento, de controlar a reprodução do vetor. A fim de recrutar crianças no combate ao Aedes o Projeto Coraçõezinhos de Baependi realizou uma ação educativa em escolas das redes públicas e privadas, em zona urbana e rural, na cidade de Baependi – Minas Gerais em março de 2016. As atividades foram direcionadas aos escolares do pré primário à quinta série do ensino fundamental. O público infantil, além de poder contribuir ativamente no processo, pode exercer papel fundamental na propagação de informações, especialmente em ambiente familiar.