Domoic Acid Toxicologic Pathology: A Review

Domoic acid was identified as the toxin responsible for an outbreak of human poisoning that occurred in Canada in 1987 following consumption of contaminated blue mussels [Mytilus edulis]. The poisoning was characterized by a constellation of clinical symptoms and signs. Among the most prominent features described was memory impairment which led to the name Amnesic Shellfish Poisoning [ASP]. Domoic acid is produced by certain marine organisms, such as the red alga Chondria armata and planktonic diatom of the genus Pseudo-nitzschia. Since 1987, monitoring programs have been successful in preventing other human incidents of ASP. However, there are documented cases of domoic acid intoxication in wild animals and outbreaks of coastal water contamination in many regions world-wide. Hence domoic acid continues to pose a global risk to the health and safety of humans and wildlife. Several mechanisms have been implicated as mediators for the effects of domoic acid. Of particular importance is the role played by glutamate receptors as mediators of excitatory neurotransmission and the demonstration of a wide distribution of these receptors outside the central nervous system, prompting the attention to other tissues as potential target sites. The aim of this document is to provide a comprehensive review of ASP, DOM induced pathology including ultrastructural changes associated to subchronic oral exposure, and discussion of key proposed mechanisms of cell/tissue injury involved in DOM induced brain pathology and considerations relevant to food safety and human health

Optimized design of wastewater stream treatment processes by membrane technologies

Wastewater treatment by membrane technologies is gaining more and more importance and the relevant market is increasing. This trend is mainly justified by novel and high-performance membrane materials, a wider number of successful applications by membrane technologies and the progressive reduction of the investment and operating costs. The main drawback of membrane technology is membrane fouling, that reduces the membrane performances along the time and leads to a premature substitution of the membrane modules. In the last years, a better understanding of the fouling phenomena has sensibly increased the confidence in this technology. This is especially true for wastewater treatment processes based on membranes. In this case low operating costs are mandatory, thus the membrane modules should not be frequently replaced. This work briefly covers the theory and measurement procedures of the critical, threshold and boundary flux, with the aim of process optimization and control design. The goal is to operate membranes modules by avoiding irreversible fouling for a long period of time (several years). The importance of specific pretreatment processes, such as flocculation and photocatalysis, adopted to reduce fouling phenomena will be also discussed. Moreover, the design of advanced control systems for batch membrane and some examples of wastewater treatment (olive mill wastewater and the effluents from the tannery industry) will be reported

Artesanos indígenas comerciantes en vía pública : la política social dirigida a indígenas del Distrito Federal (2000-2006)

Proyecto Terminal (Licenciatura en Sociología) -- Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Unidad Azcapotzalco, División de Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades, Departamento de Sociología. Área de concentración: Sociología Urbana, 2006. UAMADCSHDS. 1 archivo PDF (107 páginas

Feudalism, meritocracy and sexual harassment

Scientific literature has clarified that the contexts of more intense power relations favor sexual harassment and impunity. This article presents the results of a research that has analyzed a legislation aimed at combating sexual harassment that preceded six months earlier the selection and evaluation of faculty. The communicative research methodology followed the criteria of social impact and creation, which are currently required by the European Union research program. In addition to a documentary review, sixteen interviews were conducted, twelve with teachers who led the research that gave rise to these reforms and three with victims who managed to become survivors. The result shows an affirmation shared by all interviewees: the passing of legislation against sexual harassment weakened feudal relationships within universities and made members of the Spanish parliament aware of the need to overcome these relationships through meritocratic evaluation. This result can contribute to a twofold process: that feminisms support democratic and social reforms in universities and that those who elaborate scientific policies know that guaranteeing gender equality and overcoming sexual harassment is the way to promote scientific productivity.La literatura científica ha clarificado que los contextos de relaciones de poder más intensas favorecen el acoso sexual y la impunidad. Este artículo, presenta los resultados de una investigación que ha analizado una legislación destinada a combatir el acoso sexual que precedió en 6 meses en la selección y evaluación del profesorado. La metodología de investigación comunicativa ha seguido los criterios de impacto social y creación, que actualmente son requisitos del programa de investigación de la Unión Europea. También, se han realizado dieciséis entrevistas, doce a profesorado que lideraron las investigaciones que dieron origen a esas reformas y tres a víctimas que consiguieron transformarse en supervivientes. El resultado demuestra una afirmación compartida por todas las personas entrevistadas: la aprobación de la legislación contra el acoso sexual debilitó las relaciones feudales dentro de las universidades y concienció a miembros del parlamento español sobre la necesidad de superar esas relaciones a través de una evaluación meritocrática. Este resultado, puede contribuir a un doble proceso, que desde los feminismos se apoyen las reformas democráticas y sociales de las universidades y que quienes elaboran las  políticas científicas sepan que garantizando la igualdad de género y superación del acoso sexual, se fomenta la productividad científica

Feudalismo, Meritocracia y Acoso Sexual

Scientific literature has clarified that the contexts of more intense power relations favor sexual harassment and impunity. This article presents the results of a research that has analyzed a legislation aimed at combating sexual harassment that preceded six months earlier the selection and evaluation of faculty. The communicative research methodology followed the criteria of social impact and creation, which are currently required by the European Union research program. In addition to a documentary review, sixteen interviews were conducted, twelve with teachers who led the research that gave rise to these reforms and three with victims who managed to become survivors. The result shows an affirmation shared by all interviewees: the passing of legislation against sexual harassment weakened feudal relationships within universities and made members of the Spanish parliament aware of the need to overcome these relationships through meritocratic evaluation. This result can contribute to a twofold process: that feminisms support democratic and social reforms in universities and that those who elaborate scientific policies know that guaranteeing gender equality and overcoming sexual harassment is the way to promote scientific productivity

Gestión del conocimiento en educación con tic en la transformación de la escuela

The information and communications technology (TIC) increasingly stand new challenges and possibilities in the field of education, however, believes that education can not focus only on the use of these technologies, the new society information, and requires teachers with new skills and a continuous process of training for the use and appropriation the TIC, thus achieving a transformation of knowledge. This article discusses the significance of TIC, knowledge management, the model SECI describe by Nonaka y Takeuchi in the which to explain like to give knowledge management, and its characteristics, showing the importance of knowledge management in the transformation of educational institutions from the TIC.Las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación (TIC) cada vez interponen nuevos desafíos y posibilidades en el ámbito de la enseñanza. Sin embargo, se considera que la educación no puede enfocarse solo en el uso de estas tecnologías, la nueva sociedad de la información requiere docentes con nuevas habilidades y un proceso continuo de formación, para el uso y apropiación de las TIC, logrando así una transformación de conocimiento.Este artículo aborda el significado de las TIC, de la gestión de conocimiento, del modelo SECI descrito por Nonaka y Takeuchi en el cual explica cómo se da la gestión del conocimiento y sus características y se muestra la importancia de la gestión de conocimiento en la transformación de las instituciones educativas desde la TIC

Valoración de la eficacia percibida de la dinamica grupal “¿qué-tal?” Para el autocuidado y aprendizaje mutuo en un equipo asistencial

The team of psychologists in Hematology Service of La Paz University Hospital, has incorporated a weekly dynamic, as a tool of self-care and mutual learning. The purpose is to share the assessment of the week in the personal and professional areas, in a formal and systematic proceeding. We call it “What’s-up?” Objective: To present the perceived effectiveness of the dynamic by those who participated in it during the last 6 years. Method: Retrospective study with a single measure in the form of semi-structured online questionnaire, developed ad-hoc. The final sample consists of 41 participants. Results: High efficiency is perceived by these professionals of this dynamic , with an average of 8 over 10 (DS=0.62). The most robust correlations turned out to be the emotional management, mutual support, group belonging and aid in the personal sphere, all of them (p<0,01). Conclusions: The greatest perceived benefits were related to the emotional level and the group relationship, followed by learning professional skills. The implementation of self-care preventive programs for professionals in contact with intense experience of suffering is considered to be beneficial.El equipo de psicólogos del Servicio de Hematología del Hospital Universitario La Paz, viene realizando una dinámica semanal, como herramienta de autocuidado y aprendizaje mutuo. La finalidad es compartir la valoración de la semana en el ámbito personal y profesional, de manera formal y sistemática. A esta dinámica grupal de enfoque interdisciplinar la denominamos “¿Qué-tal?”. Objetivo: presentar la eficacia percibida de la dinámica por parte de los participantes de los últimos 6 años. Método: estudio retrospectivo con una única medida en forma de cuestionario on-line semiestructurado, elaborado ad hoc. La muestra final consta de 41 participantes. Resultados: Se evidencia la alta eficacia percibida de esta herramienta con una media de 8 sobre 10 (DT=0,62). Las correlaciones más robustas resultaron ser la gestión emocional, apoyo mutuo, pertenencia grupal y la ayuda en el ámbito personal, (p< 0,01). Conclusiones: Los mayores beneficios percibidos se refieren al ámbito emocional y a la relación grupal, seguidos del aprendizaje de habilidades profesionales. Se considera beneficiosa la implantación de programas preventivos de autocuidado para profesionales en contacto con intensa experiencia de sufrimient

La lectura y la escritura como elementos de articulación curricular.

163 Páginas.​El propósito de esta investigación es analizar cómo la implementación de una estrategia de articulación curricular promueve cambios en las prácticas de aula de las docentes involucradas y mejoras en las competencias comunicativas de los estudiantes. Como punto de partida, se analizaron los resultados obtenidos por los estudiantes de la institución Fonquetá en las pruebas Saber - Icfes de lenguaje de los últimos tres años (2015- 2017), donde se encontraronbajos desempeños en la competencia comunicativa lectora y competencia comunicativa escritora. Estos resultados fueron corroborados con el análisis de otras pruebas aplicadas en la institución, lo cual lleva a la necesidad de plantear una estrategia colaborativa de planeación y articulación desde las áreas de ciencias, matemáticas y lenguaje tendiente a fortalecer las competencias comunicativas de los estudiantes

Knowledge Management in the transformation of educational institutions from ICT

[ES] Las Tecnologías de la Información y la Comunicación (TIC), presentan desafíos y posibilidades en la educación y en la sociedad del conocimiento (SC), requiere profesores con competencias TIC, que gestionen el aprendizaje y el conocimiento. La investigación se centra las TIC y Gestión del Conocimiento (GC) de los profesores, y las competencias TIC de profesores y estudiantes, fortaleciéndolas con prácticas pedagógicas, gestionando y transformando en la SC. La Investigación se trabajó con un estudio de caso exploratorio de tipo cualitativo[EN] Information and Communication Technologies (ICT), present challenges and possibilities in education and in the knowledge society (KS), require teachers with ICT skills, who manage learning and knowledge. The research focuses on ICT and Knowledge Management (KM) of teachers, and ICT skills of teachers and students,strengthening them with pedagogical practices, managing and transforming them into SC. The research was worked with an exploratory qualitative case study

Fat: Quality, or Quantity? What Matters Most for the Progression of Metabolic Associated Fatty Liver Disease (MAFLD)

Fibrosi; Obesitat; Àcid palmític (AP)Fibrosis; Obesidad; Ácido palmítico (AP)Fibrosis; Obesity; Palmitic acid (PA)Objectives: Lately, many countries have restricted or even banned transfat, and palm oil has become a preferred replacement for food manufacturers. Whether palm oil is potentially an unhealthy food mainly due to its high content of saturated Palmitic Acid (PA) is a matter of debate. The aim of this study was to test whether qualitative aspects of diet such as levels of PA and the fat source are risk factors for Metabolic Syndrome (MS) and Metabolic Associated Fatty Liver Disease (MAFLD). Methods: C57BL/6 male mice were fed for 14 weeks with three types of Western diet (WD): 1. LP-WD—low concentration of PA (main fat source—corn and soybean oils); 2. HP-WD—high concentration of PA (main fat source—palm oil); 3. HP-Trans-WD—high concentration of PA (mainly transfat). Results: All types of WD caused weight gain, adipocyte enlargement, hepatomegaly, lipid metabolism alterations, and steatohepatitis. Feeding with HP diets led to more prominent obesity, hypercholesterolemia, stronger hepatic injury, and fibrosis. Only the feeding with HP-Trans-WD resulted in glucose intolerance and elevation of serum transaminases. Brief withdrawal of WDs reversed MS and signs of MAFLD. However, mild hepatic inflammation was still detectable in HP groups. Conclusions: HP and HP-Trans-WD play a crucial role in the genesis of MS and MAFLD.This work was supported by the MINECO Retos SAF2016-78711, SAF2017-87919-R, PID2020-117827RB-IOO, PID2020-117941RB-IOO, EXOHEP-CM S2017/BMD-3727, NanoLiver-CM Y2018/NMT-4949, AMMF 2018/117, COST Action CA17112 and UCM-25/2019, German Research Foundation (SFB/TRR57/P04, SFB 1382-403224013/A02). F.J.C. and Y.A.N. are Ramón y Cajal Researchers RYC-2014-15242 and RYC-2015-17438. F.J.C. is a Gilead Liver Research Scholar. The research group belongs to the validated Research Groups Ref. 970935 ¨Liver Pathophysiology¨, 920631 ¨Lymphocyte immunobiology¨, 920361 “Inmunogenética e6937 inmunología de las mucosas” and IBL-6 (imas12-associated). O.E.-V. is supported by Beca FPI (associated with MINECO SAF2017-87919R), C.-S.G. by Atracción de Talento 2019-T1/BMD-1331 and R.B.-U. by Contratos predoctorales de personal investigador en formación UCM-Banco Santander (CT63/19). F.G. is a Chinese Scholarship Council (CSC) fellow. T.B. is supported by the German Research Foundation SFB 1382-403224013/B07, and P.A. by Ayudas para apoyar grupos de investigación del sistema Universitario Vasco (IT971-16) and MCIU/AEI/FEDER, UE (RTI2018-095134-B-100)