The analysis of the results of the Olympic free-style wrestling champions

ABSTRACT The successful and effective management of sports training is impossible without the justified forecasting. The retrospective analysis of the sport career of elite sportsmen allows to identify interconnections of the competitions – results on various stages of the sporting career. Analysis of papers showed, there are no researches which would analyse the highest-level sportsmen in wrestling – Olympic champions. Aim of the research – to analyse results of the Olympic champions in wrestling from 1996 to the present day and to discover the main trends and regularities. The analysis included 41 sport careers of winners in freestyle wrestling of the six Olympic Games from 1996 to 2016. The results of wrestlers on international competitions into the four age stages are analysed: the pre-junior age, junior age, senior until the victory at the Olympic Games and a time period after the victory. The majority of the sportsmen (90,3 %) win only once and participate in the OG only once or twice (90,2 %). The retrospective analysis has shown that 48,8 % of wrestlers-champions have performed at the international stage at the cadets age, and 85,4 % of sportsmen at the junior age, over 90 % of them have taken the winning places. Prior to the victory at the Olympic Games 87,8 % of the sportsmen take part at the continental championships, all of them have won medals. And 82,9 % have participated at the world championships, and 91,2 % of them have taken places from 1 to 3

Intracapsular embryogenesis and larval development of Chicoreus ramosus (Linnaeus, 1758) and Dendropoma platypus (Mörch, 1861) (Gastropoda, Prosobranchia) under normal and treated conditions

Abstract Samples of C. ramosus and D. platypus were collected from Hurgada, the Red Sea during June-August 2018. Samples were transported to the lab at the University of Alexandria, Egypt. This study aims to describe the embryogenesis of C. ramosus inside the capsules and test the effects of signaling factors and neuro-transmitters on the in vitro transformation of larvae of D. platypus and identify some bioactive inducers that increase larval metamorphosis. Capsules of C. ramosus were fixed in 10% saline formaldehyde and capsules of D. platypus were placed in plastic aquaria for immune-histochemical test. The sequence of the embryonic transformations and the duration time of each step of C. ramosus were identified. The importance of the following experiment is to provide a suitable medium for the developing larval stages and improve eugenic manner of the new generations. Undertreated conditions of D. platypus larvae, MF 2.5 mM, C8:0 1 µM, ADMA 2.5 mM, and Acetylcholine 0.5 mM larval transformation from trochophore to veliger to early juvenile stages was accelerated than larvae of control in seawater. Serotonin 10 µg/ml and Acetylcholine 1 mM exerted a negative effect while C8:0 0.1 or 10 µM, MF 300 µM, ADMA 1 mM and 1.5 mM did not affect larval transformation. Atorvastatin (5, 20 and 40 mg), Pravastatin (50 mg and 100 mg), Cetirizine hydrochloride (10 mg), Nebivolol (2.5 mg, 5 mg. and 10 mg), Atenolol (25 mg and 100 mg) and Amlodipine Besylate (2.5 mg, 5.0 mg, and 10 mg) exerted a negative impact on larvae in all stages and mortality predominated

DNA immunization site determines the level of gene expression and the magnitude, but not the type of the induced immune response

Peer reviewe

Prokaryotic expression, purification and immunogenicity in rabbits of the small antigen of hepatitis delta virus

Funding Information: Expression and purification of HDV antigen was supported by Russian Foundation for Basic Research (grant 16-04-01490a). Evaluation of serum by Western blot and confocal microscopy was supported by Russian Science Foundation (grant 14-14-01021). Experiments in rabbits were supported by the Swedish Institute grants 09272_2013 and 19806_2016. Cross-border collaboration of the partners, exchange of the materials and standard operation procedures used in the study, and dissemination of the data were supported by the EU Twinning project VACTRAIN, contract nr 692293. Publisher Copyright: © 2016 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.Hepatitis delta virus (HDV) is a viroid-like blood-borne human pathogen that accompanies hepatitis B virus infection in 5% patients. HDV has been studied for four decades; however, the knowledge on its life-cycle and pathogenesis is still sparse. The studies are hampered by the absence of the commercially-available HDV-specific antibodies. Here, we describe a set of reproducible methods for the expression in E. coli of His-tagged small antigen of HDV (S-HDAg), its purification, and production of polyclonal anti-S-HDAg antibodies in rabbits. S-HDAg was cloned into a commercial vector guiding expression of the recombinant proteins with the C-terminal His-tag. We optimized S-HDAg protein purification procedure circumventing a low affinity of the His-tagged S-HDAg to the Ni-nitrilotriacetyl agarose (Ni-NTA-agarose) resin. Optimization allowed us to obtain S-HDAg with >90% purity. S-HDAg was used to immunize Shinchilla grey rabbits which received 80 µg of S-HDAg in two subcutaneous primes in the complete, followed by four 40 µg boosts in incomplete Freunds adjuvant. Rabbits were bled two weeks post each boost. Antibody titers determined by indirect ELISA exceeded 107. Anti-S-HDAg antibodies detected the antigen on Western blots in the amounts of up-to 100 pg. They were also successfully used to characterize the expression of S-HDAg in the eukaryotic cells by immunofluorescent staining/confocal microscopy.publishersversionPeer reviewe

Cellular immune response induced by dna immunization of mice with drug resistant integrases of hiv-1 clade a offers partial protection against growth and metastatic activity of integrase-expressing adenocarcinoma cells

Funding Information: Funding: Experiments were supported by the grants of the Russian Science Fund 15-15-30039, Russian Fund for Basic Research 20-04-01034, Latvian Science Fund LZP 2018-2-03-08, and EU-ROPARTNER project “Strengthening and spreading international partnership activities of the Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection of University of Lodz, Poland, for interdisciplinary research and innovation”. Mobility and method acquisition were supported by Swedish institute PI project 19806/2016TP, and Horizon 2020 project VACTRAIN#692293. MI and BW were supported by Horizon 2020 grant EAVI contract N68113. Funding Information: Experiments were supported by the grants of the Russian Science Fund 15-15-30039, Russian Fund for Basic Research 20-04-01034, Latvian Science Fund LZP 2018-2-03-08, and EU-ROPARTNER project ?Strengthening and spreading international partnership activities of the Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection of University of Lodz, Poland, for interdisciplinary research and innovation?. Mobility and method acquisition were supported by Swedish institute PI project 19806/2016TP, and Horizon 2020 project VACTRAIN#692293. MI and BW were supported by Horizon 2020 grant EAVI contract N68113. Publisher Copyright: © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.Therapeutic DNA-vaccination against drug-resistant HIV-1 may hinder emergence and spread of drug-resistant HIV-1, allowing for longer successful antiretroviral treatment (ART) up-to relief of ART. We designed DNA-vaccines against drug-resistant HIV-1 based on consensus clade A integrase (IN) resistant to raltegravir: IN_in_r1 (L74M/E92Q/V151I/N155H/G163R) or IN_in_r2 (E138K/G140S/Q148K) carrying D64V abrogating IN activity. INs, overexpressed in mammalian cells from synthetic genes, were assessed for stability, route of proteolytic degradation, and ability to induce oxidative stress. Both were found safe in immunotoxicity tests in mice, with no inherent carcinogenicity: their expression did not enhance tumorigenic or metastatic potential of adenocarcinoma 4T1 cells. DNA-immunization of mice with INs induced potent multicytokine T-cell response mainly against aa 209–239, and moderate IgG response cross-recognizing diverse IN variants. DNA-immunization with IN_in_r1 protected 60% of mice from challenge with 4Tlluc2 cells expressing non-mutated IN, while DNA-immunization with IN_in_r2 protected only 20% of mice, although tumor cells expressed IN matching the immunogen. Tumor size inversely correlated with IN-specific IFN-γ/IL-2 T-cell response. IN-expressing tumors displayed compromised metastatic activity restricted to lungs with reduced metastases size. Protective potential of IN immunogens relied on their immunogenicity for CD8+ T-cells, dependent on proteasomal processing and low level of oxidative stress.publishersversionPeer reviewe

HIV-1 Reverse Transcriptase Promotes Tumor Growth and Metastasis Formation via ROS-Dependent Upregulation of Twist

Funding Information: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6160-2203 Bayurova Ekaterina [email protected] 1 2 Jansons Juris [email protected] 3 4 Skrastina Dace [email protected] 3 4 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4980-9754 Smirnova Olga [email protected] 5 Mezale Dzeina [email protected] 3 Kostyusheva Anastasia [email protected] 6 Kostyushev Dmitry [email protected] 6 Petkov Stefan [email protected] 7 Podschwadt Philip [email protected] 7 https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0365-570X Valuev-Elliston Vladimir [email protected] 5 Sasinovich Sviataslau [email protected] 7 https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2278-4451 Korolev Sergey [email protected] 8 Warholm Per [email protected] 9 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2260-6551 Latanova Anastasia [email protected] 1 5 https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2183-0858 Starodubova Elizaveta [email protected] 1 5 https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8506-2339 Tukhvatulin Amir [email protected] 1 Latyshev Oleg [email protected] 1 Selimov Renat [email protected] 10 Metalnikov Pavel [email protected] 10 Komarov Alexander [email protected] 10 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3673-4714 Ivanova Olga [email protected] 5 Gorodnicheva Tatiana [email protected] 11 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7443-6961 Kochetkov Sergey [email protected] 5 Gottikh Marina [email protected] 8 Strumfa Ilze [email protected] 3 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5659-9679 Ivanov Alexander [email protected] 5 Gordeychuk Ilya [email protected] 1 2 12 https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9382-2254 Isaguliants Maria [email protected] 1 2 3 7 García-Rivas Gerardo 1 NF Gamaleya Research Center of Epidemiology and Microbiology Moscow Russia 2 Chumakov Federal Scientific Center for Research and Development of Immune-and-Biological Products of Russian Academy of Sciences Moscow Russia chumakovs.ru 3 Department of Pathology Riga Stradins University Riga Latvia rsu.lv 4 Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre Riga Latvia lu.lv 5 Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology Russian Academy of Sciences Moscow Russia ras.ru 6 National Medical Research Center for Tuberculosis and Infectious Diseases Moscow Russia 7 Department of Microbiology Tumor and Cell Biology Karolinska Institutet Stockholm Sweden ki.se 8 Chemistry Department and Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology Lomonosov Moscow State University Moscow Russia msu.ru 9 Science for Life Laboratory Stockholm University Stockholm Sweden su.se 10 Russian State Center for Quality and Standardization of Veterinary Drugs and Feed (VGNKI) Moscow Russia 11 Evrogen Moscow Russia 12 Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University Moscow Russia mma.ru 2019 2 12 2019 2019 08 05 2019 01 11 2019 05 11 2019 2 12 2019 2019 Copyright © 2019 Ekaterina Bayurova et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. HIV-induced immune suppression results in the high prevalence of HIV/AIDS-associated malignancies including Kaposi sarcoma, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, and cervical cancer. HIV-infected people are also at an increased risk of “non-AIDS-defining” malignancies not directly linked to immune suppression but associated with viral infections. Their incidence is increasing despite successful antiretroviral therapy. The mechanism behind this phenomenon remains unclear. Here, we obtained daughter clones of murine mammary gland adenocarcinoma 4T1luc2 cells expressing consensus reverse transcriptase of HIV-1 subtype A FSU_A strain (RT_A) with and without primary mutations of drug resistance. In in vitro tests, mutations of resistance to nucleoside inhibitors K65R/M184V reduced the polymerase, and to nonnucleoside inhibitors K103N/G190S, the RNase H activities of RT_A. Expression of these RT_A variants in 4T1luc2 cells led to increased production of the reactive oxygen species (ROS), lipid peroxidation, enhanced cell motility in the wound healing assay, and upregulation of expression of Vimentin and Twist . These properties, particularly, the expression of Twist , correlated with the levels of expression RT_A and/or the production of ROS. When implanted into syngeneic BALB/C mice, 4T1luc2 cells expressing nonmutated RT_A demonstrated enhanced rate of tumor growth and increased metastatic activity, dependent on the level of expression of RT_A and Twist . No enhancement was observed for the clones expressing mutated RT_A variants. Plausible mechanisms are discussed involving differential interactions of mutated and nonmutated RTs with its cellular partners involved in the regulation of ROS. This study establishes links between the expression of HIV-1 RT, production of ROS, induction of EMT, and enhanced propagation of RT-expressing tumor cells. Such scenario can be proposed as one of the mechanisms of HIV-induced/enhanced carcinogenesis not associated with immune suppression. Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation 075-15-2019-1660 Latvian Science Council LZP-2018/2-0308 EU VACTRAIN Russian Foundation for Basic Research 17-00-00085 17_04_00583 17_54_30002 Publisher Copyright: © 2019 Ekaterina Bayurova et al.HIV-induced immune suppression results in the high prevalence of HIV/AIDS-associated malignancies including Kaposi sarcoma, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, and cervical cancer. HIV-infected people are also at an increased risk of "non-AIDS-defining" malignancies not directly linked to immune suppression but associated with viral infections. Their incidence is increasing despite successful antiretroviral therapy. The mechanism behind this phenomenon remains unclear. Here, we obtained daughter clones of murine mammary gland adenocarcinoma 4T1luc2 cells expressing consensus reverse transcriptase of HIV-1 subtype A FSU_A strain (RT_A) with and without primary mutations of drug resistance. In in vitro tests, mutations of resistance to nucleoside inhibitors K65R/M184V reduced the polymerase, and to nonnucleoside inhibitors K103N/G190S, the RNase H activities of RT_A. Expression of these RT_A variants in 4T1luc2 cells led to increased production of the reactive oxygen species (ROS), lipid peroxidation, enhanced cell motility in the wound healing assay, and upregulation of expression of Vimentin and Twist. These properties, particularly, the expression of Twist, correlated with the levels of expression RT_A and/or the production of ROS. When implanted into syngeneic BALB/C mice, 4T1luc2 cells expressing nonmutated RT_A demonstrated enhanced rate of tumor growth and increased metastatic activity, dependent on the level of expression of RT_A and Twist. No enhancement was observed for the clones expressing mutated RT_A variants. Plausible mechanisms are discussed involving differential interactions of mutated and nonmutated RTs with its cellular partners involved in the regulation of ROS. This study establishes links between the expression of HIV-1 RT, production of ROS, induction of EMT, and enhanced propagation of RT-expressing tumor cells. Such scenario can be proposed as one of the mechanisms of HIV-induced/enhanced carcinogenesis not associated with immune suppression.publishersversionPeer reviewe

Нарушение формирования пола 45,Х/46,XY: клинико-лабораторная характеристика пациентов

Aim. To study the clinical and laboratory characteristics of patients with disorders of sex development (DSD) 45,Х/46,ХY.Materials and methods. The study included 248 patients with genital malformations from early neonatal period to 18 years. The group of patients with DSD 45,Х/46,ХY was formed according to the results of cytogenetic and molecular cytogenetic examination. Anthropometric data, external and internal genitalia, hormonal parameters in mini-pubertal, neutral and pubertal periods were assessed; histological examination of the gonads and screening of development malformations were performed.Results. DSD of 46,ХY karyotype was revealed in 48% (120/248) cases, 46,ХХ DSD – 38% (93/248), DSD with sex chromosome pathology – 14% (35/248) patients. Chromosome DSD was represented by Klinefelter syndrome, Shereshevsky – Ulrich – Turner syndrome, chimeric DSD, and ovotesticular DSD, but the majority of patients had mosaicism 45,Х/46,ХY (65%). In the group of patients with NFP 45,X/46,XY, the median degree of masculinization of the external genitalia by the scale of the external masculinization score (EMS) was 3 [1; 5,5]. Among the defects of external genitalia in most cases (82%, 18/22) there was a combination of cryptorchidism with hypospadias. Derivatives of the Mueller ducts were detected in 91% (20/22) of patients. Most patients (77%) adapt the male passport field. There were no statistically significant differences in the structure of the external and internal genitalia between the groups of patients adapted in the male and female passport fields.The analysis of hormonal indexes revealed a positive correlation between the content of basal testosteron in the mini-pubertal period and the index of masculinization of the external genitalia by the EMS scale (p = 0,002; r = 0,9). In the period of mini-puberty an increase in the level of gonadotropic hormones was detected in 89% (8/9) of children, a combined increase of luteinizing and follicle-stimulating hormones (FSH) being observed in 33% (3/9), an isolated increase of FSH – in 56% (5/9) of cases. In the pubertal period hypergonadotropic hypogonadism was revealed in 75% (3/4) of patients.The results of the histological study of the gonads were heterogenous. Gonads are represented by a different degree of dysgenesis of testicular tissue: from a mild, histologically-like gonad in cryptorchidism to streak and ovotestis.Among the extragonadal manifestations of the disease, inguinal hernia (86%), heart defects (77%) and kidney defects (36%) are prominent. Pathological growth retardation was diagnosed in 23% of children.Conclusion. In the structure of the disease chromosomal DSD accounts for 14% of observations. A group of patients with DSD 45,X/46,XY is heterogenous in the degree of gonadal dysgenesis, the structure of the external and internal genitalia.Цель исследования. Изучить клинико-лабораторную характеристику пациентов с нарушением формирования пола (НФП) 45,Х/46,ХY.Материал и методы. В исследование включены 248 пациентов с неправильным строением наружных гениталий от раннего неонатального периода до 18 лет. По результатам цитогенетического и молекулярно-цитогенетического обследований сформирована группа пациентов с НФП, обусловленного мозаицизмом 45,Х/46,ХY. Проведена оценка антропометрических показателей, наружных и внутренних гениталий, гормональных показателей в мини-пубертате, нейтральном и пубертатном периодах, гистологическое исследование гонад, скрининг пороков развития.Результаты. НФП с кариотипом 46,ХY выявлено в 48% (120/248) случаев, с кариотипом 46,ХХ – в 38% (93/248), НФП с патологией половых хромосом – в 14% (35/248) наблюдений. Хромосомное НФП представлено следующими вариантами: синдромы Кляйнфельтера, Шерешевского – Ульриха – Тернера, химеризм, овотестикулярное, но большую часть составили пациенты с мозаицизмом 45,Х/46,ХY (65%). В группе пациентов с НФП 45,Х/46,ХY медиана cтепени маскулинизации наружных гениталий по шкале External Masculinization Score (EMS) составила 3 [1; 5,5]. Среди пороков развития наружных гениталий в большинстве случаев (82%, 18/22) имело место сочетание крипторхизма с гипоспадией. Дериваты Мюллеровых протоков выявлены у 91% (20/22) пациентов. Большая часть пациентов (77%) адаптируется в мужском паспортном поле. Не выявлено статистически значимых различий в строении наружных и внутренних гениталий между группами пациентов, адаптируемых в мужском и женском паспортном поле.При анализе гормональных показателей выявлена положительная корреляционная взаимосвязь между содержанием базального тестостерона в период мини-пубертата и индексом маскулинизации наружных гениталий по шкале EMS (р = 0,002; r = 0,9). В период мини-пубертата повышение уровня гонадотропных гормонов выявлено у 89% (8/9) детей, из которых сочетанное повышение лютеинизирующего гормона и фолликулостимулирующего гормона (ФСГ) отмечено в 33% (3/9), изолированное повышение ФСГ в 56% (5/9) случаев. В пубертатном периоде у 75% (3/4) пациентов выявлен гипергонадотропный гипогонадизм.По результатам гистологического исследования гонад отмечена гетерогенная картина. Гонады представлены различной степенью дисгенезии тестикулярной ткани: от легкой, близкой к гистологическому строению гонад при крипторхизме, до streak и овотестис.Среди внегонадных проявлений заболевания лидируют паховые грыжи (86%), пороки сердца (77%) и почек (36%). Патологическая задержка роста диагностирована у 23% детей.Выводы. В структуре заболевания на хромосомное НФП приходится 14% наблюдений. Группа пациентов с НФП 45,Х/46,ХY гетерогенна по степени дисгенезии гонад, строению наружных и внутренних половых органов

Исходы оперативного лечения патологии щитовидной железы у детей

Background. In recent years there has been a tendency of increase in the proportion of nodular goiter and Graves’ disease in thyroid pathology in children, which necessitates a choice of rational tactics for treatment of these diseases. At present there is no optimal method of treatment for thyroid gland pathology, but one of the methods is surgery. Thyroid surgery due to the determination of the indications and choice of the optimal volume of the surgical intervention continues to be under debate as postoperative complications of surgical treatment of thyroid diseases in children are possible.Aim: to study the outcomes of surgical treatment for thyroid pathology in children, depending on the volume of operation.Materials and methods. This article presents the results of a survey of 77 children operated on in the period of 2002–2016 for Graves’ disease, single-node goiter, and multinodular goiter. The examination included the determination of the levels of ionized calcium and TSH, FT4, FT3 in the blood serum, the evaluation of the functional state of the pituitary-thyroid system, thyroid ultrasound examination, and examination by an otolaryngologist.Results. The incidence of adverse outcomes of surgical treatment in children with nodular goiter was 27%. Adverse outcomes were observed equally often after organ-preserving operations and after thyroidectomy, but they were of different structure. The frequency of postoperative complications after thyroidectomy performed on the nodular goiter was 27%. Complications presented as postsurgical hypoparathyroidism and vocal cord paresis. In children with nodular goiter, after thyroidectomy hypoparathyroidism occurred more frequently than paresis of the vocal folds. Symptomatic hypocalcemia was observed more frequently than the asymptomatic variant, and in most cases hypoparathyrodism was transient. Among children with a single-node goiter who underwent organ-preserving surgery on the thyroid gland postoperative complications such as hypoparathyroidism and paresis of the vocal folds were not identified. Adverse outcomes (disease recurrence, postoperative hypothyroidism) were observed equally often after hemithyrodectomy and node enucleation. But the risk of recurrence of nodular goiter was significantly more common in children after node enucleation than after hemithyroidectomy and postsurgical hypothyroidism was more common in children with nodular goiter after hemithyrodectomy than after node enucleation. The frequency of adverse outcomes of surgical treatment of Graves’ disease in children was 14%. Complications were presented by post-surgical hypoparathyroidism and vocal cord paresis. All complications occurred only after thyroidectomy. When compared adverse outcomes of thyroidectomy were equally common in both nodular goiter and Graves ‘disease, but persistent dysfunction in the form of permanent hypoparathyroidism and permanent vocal cord paresis were more common in Graves’ disease than in nodular goiter.Conclusion. The results obtained demonstrate the heterogeneity of surgical treatment outcomes structure which depends on the surgical intervention volume.Введение. В последние годы отмечается тенденция к росту доли узлового зоба и болезни Грейвса в структуре патологии щитовидной железы у детей, что определяет необходимость выбора рациональной тактики лечения этих заболеваний. Оптимального способа лечения данной патологии щитовидной железы на сегодняшний день не существует, но одним из методов лечения является хирургический. Остается дискуссионным вопрос хирургии щитовидной железы в связи с определением показаний и выбора оптимального объема оперативного вмешательства у детей, так как возможны послеоперационные осложнения.Цель исследования. Изучить исходы оперативного лечения патологии щитовидной железы у детей в зависимости от объема операции.Материал и методы. В статье приводятся сведения о результатах обследования 77 детей, оперированных в период 2002–2016 гг. по поводу болезни Грейвса, одноузлового и многоузлового зоба.Обследование включало определение значения ионизированного кальция в сыворотке крови, оценку функционального состояния гипофизарно-тиреоидной системы: исследовался сывороточный уровень тиреотропного гормона, свободного (св.) тироксина, св. трийодтиронина, проводились ультразвуковое исследование щитовидной железы, осмотр оториноларинголога.Результаты. Установлено, что частота неблагоприятных исходов оперативного лечения среди детей с узловым зобом составила 27%. Осложнения одинаково часто встречались как после органосохраняющих операций, так и после тиреоидэктомии, но отличались по своей структуре. Частота послеоперационных осложнений (послеоперационный гипопаратиреоз, парез голосовых складок) после тиреоидэктомии, выполненной по поводу узлового зоба, составила 27%. У детей с узловым зобом после тиреоидэктомии гипопаратиреоз возникал чаще, чем парез голосовых складок. Симптоматическая гипокальциемия отмечалась чаще, чем бессимптомная, и в абсолютном большинстве случаев гипопаратиреоз носил транзиторный характер.Среди детей с одноузловым зобом, которым проведена органосохраняющая операция на щитовидной железе таких послеоперационных осложнений, как гипопаратиреоз, парез голосовых складок, не выявлено. Неблагоприятные исходы (рецидив заболевания, послеоперационный гипотиреоз) одинаково часто встречались как после гемитиреоидэктомии, так и после энуклеации узла. Но риск развития рецидива узлового зоба достоверно чаще возникал у детей после проведенной энуклеации узла, чем после гемитиреоидэктомии, а послеоперационный гипотиреоз чаще возникал у детей с узловым зобом после гемитиреоидэктомии, чем после энуклеации узла.Частота неблагоприятных исходов оперативного лечения болезни Грейвса (послеоперационный гипопаратиреоз и парез голосовых складок) у детей составила 14%. Все осложнения возникли только после тиреоидэктомии.При сравнении неблагоприятных исходов тиреоидэктомии осложнения одинаково часто встречались как при узловом зобе, так и при болезни Грейвса. Но стойкие нарушения функции в виде перманентного гипопаратиреоза и перманентного пареза голосовых складок чаще встречались при болезни Грейвса, чем при узловом зобе. Полученные результаты позволяют сделать вывод о гетерогенности структуры исходов оперативного лечения, которая зависит от объема оперативного лечения

USAGE OF SURFACE-ACTIVE MEDIA FOR ORIENTED CHANGE OF ROCK PROPERTIES IN MINING PROCESSES

The purpose is the improvement of the efficiency and safety of mining construction processes by the oriented change of rock properties by means of surface-active media (SAM). Techniques used in selecting an efficient SAM, checking the saturation process and controlling properties and state of the mass have been developed on the basis of the established laws of action of SAM on rock; a mathematical model and a prorgam for optimizing the parameters of the mining technology based on the analysis of the interrelation and interdependence of sinking processes have been worked out. The field of application is mining processes connected with the action on the mass or depending on its state.Available from VNTIC / VNTIC - Scientific & Technical Information Centre of RussiaSIGLERURussian Federatio