Rehabilitación neuropsicológica en paciente con traumatismo craneoencefálico por daño cerebral sobrevenido. Estudio de caso.

Brain damages caused by traffic accidents and falls are the most common cases causing intracerebral lesions, focal or diffuse with memory alterations in most of the aetiologies, producing a huge impact on patient’s life: memory loss, issues to retain information and lackof concentration; which require appropriate strategies and techniques in the rehabilitation process after clinical intervention.Test Sample: 20 years-old woman diagnosed with Traumatic brain injury due to a home accident, given a pharmacological treatment and showing retrograde amnesia, lack of concentration, stress, anxiety and emotional problems even 2 years after injury. Proposed objective was to improve patience’s personal performance and relationships with her family, work and social environments, focusing on the restoration of any altered functions.Methodology: Sixteen group sessions and four individual sessions of two hours each per week involving adults with cognitive impairment. Individual neuropsychological assessment: Minimental-State Examination, Neuropsi Test, Frontal Assessment Battery, Intellectual Ability’s Quick Assessment, Barsit.Intervention Techniques: Relaxation using thematic imagination; restorative approach strategies based on specific activities; compensatory approach strategies in self-regulation and metacognitive use of amnestic keys, new learning acquisitions; significant and vital goals and psychoeducation.Conclusions: Memory alterations due to retrograde dementia, affected by inability to remember events that occurred before of the Traumatic brain injury (TBI); improved considerably as well as the semantic and episodic memory; balance restoration of decision-making executive functions, planning processes and goals achievement. Group sessions allowed to acquire new anti-stress and anxiety techniques as well as good management of emotions.El daño cerebral sobrevenido, causado por accidentes de tráfico y caídas como causas más frecuentes, producen lesiones extra e intercerebrales, focales o difusas, con alteración de la memoria en la mayoría de las etiologías, causan impacto en la vida del paciente, con olvidos de transcurso, distracción y bloqueos, que requieren estrategias y técnicas adecuadas en el proceso de rehabilitación después de la intervención clínica.Muestra poblacional: Mujer de 20 años, con accidente doméstico, diagnosticada conTraumatismo craneoencefálico (TCE) y tratamiento farmacológico, secuelas después de 2 años en amnesia retrograda, funciones ejecutivas y dificultades de atención y concentración, estrés ansiedad y problemas emocionales. El objetivo propuesto fue mejorar el funcionamiento de la paciente en sus ámbitos familiar, laboral y social, buscando ayudar en la restauración de las funciones alteradas.Metodología: Se realizaron 16 sesiones dos horas semanales grupales con adultos con deterioro cognitivo y 4 individuales. La valoración neuropsicológica Individual: Minimental- State Examination, Test Neuropsi, Batería de Evaluación del Lóbulo frontal, Medición rápida de Habilidad Intelectual, Barsit.Técnicas de Intervención: Relajación con imaginación temática; estrategias de enfoque restaurativo con base en actividades específicas; estrategias de enfoque compensatorio en autorregulación y metacognitivas uso de claves mnésicas, adquisición de nuevos aprendizajes; metas significativas, vitales y psicoeducación.Conclusiones: Las alteraciones en la memoria por demencia retrógrada, afectada por la incapacidad de recordar eventos ocurridos antes del TCE, mejoró visiblemente igual que la memoria semántica y episódica; restauración del equilibrio en las funciones ejecutivas en toma de decisiones, procesos de planificación, ejecución de metas y trabajo significativo. El trabajo grupal le permitió adquirir técnicas para el estrés y la ansiedad diaria igualmente el manejo de emociones.

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Elementos Motivadores Y Desempeño Laboral De Los Trabajadores Nombrados De La Municipalidad Provincial De Espinar, Cusco - 2018

La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo Identificar el grado de relación entre los elementos motivadores con el desempeño laboral de los trabajadores nombrados de la Municipal Provincial de Espinar durante el periodo 2018. Para esta investigación se ha aplicado el método descriptivo correlacional no experimental que ha permitido conocer la relación entre elementos motivadores con el desempeño laboral de 30 trabajadores nombrados, mayores de edad, de ambos sexos. Se aplicó a 30 trabajadores nombrados un cuestionario como instrumento de recolección de datos; el cuestionario para elementos motivadores estuvo compuesta por 17 ítems con una amplitud de escala de Likert (siempre, casi siempre, casi nunca y nunca) mientras que para desempeño laboral se ha compuesto de 12 items con una amplitud de escala de Likert (excelente, bueno, regular y malo) Los instrumentos aplicados son fiables y consistentes según el coeficiente de Alfa de Cronbach, los resultados obtenidos fueron de 0.638 para el cuestionario de elementos motivadores y de 0.577 para el cuestionario de desempeño laboral. Se encontró como resultado final que existe correlación positiva moderada entre ambas variables de manera general y se pudo apreciar una correlación baja entre los indicadores de elementos motivadores y los factores de desempeño laboral

El papel de la comunicación en el crowdfunding: estudio de un caso de éxito cool

The development of the Internet has allowed many entrepreneurs to obtain funding from new sources such as crowdfunding. The aim of this paper is to analyze the role of communication in fundraising. With that purpose, two campaigns developed for the same project were compared. The first one, called “The Coolest”, which did not obtain funding, and a later one, “The Coolest Cooler”, which by collecting 13.285.226 USD beated a fundraising record. The results show significant differences in the use of the following tools of persuasion: egocentricity, tangibility, visual stimuli, excitement, and the beginning and the end of the message, as well as its structure. All elements of the message should build trust and promote action: participate and finance the proposed project. This work has practical and theoretical implications demonstrating that communication is a key element in the success of the crowdfunding campaigns.El desarrollo de Internet ha permitido que muchos emprendedores acudan a nuevas fuentes de financiación como el crowdfunding. El objetivo de este artículo es analizar el papel de la comunicación en la captación de fondos. Para ello se comparan dos campañas desarrolladas para un mismo proyecto: una primera, ‘The Coolest’, que no consiguió financiación y otra posterior, ‘The Coolest Cooler’, que recaudó 13.285.226 dólares batiendo un récord de captación de fondos. Los resultados muestran importantes diferencias en la utilización de las siguientes herramientas de persuasión: egocentrismo, tangibilidad, estímulos visuales, emoción, principio, estructura y final del mensaje. Todos los elementos del mensaje deben generar confianza y promover a la acción: participar y financiar el proyecto propuesto. Este trabajo tiene implicaciones prácticas y teóricas al demostrar que la comunicación se convierte en una pieza clave en el éxito de las campañas de crowdfunding

Detection of poxtA-and optrA-carrying E. faecium isolates in air samples of a Spanish swine farm

Objective: Two linezolid-resistant Enterococcus faecium isolates, C10004 and C10009, were recovered from air samples of a Spanish swine farm and comprehensively characterized. Methods: Detection of linezolid resistance mechanisms (mutations and acquisition of resistance genes) was performed by PCR/sequencing. Isolates were characterized by multilocus sequence typing (MLST), antimicrobial susceptibility testing, detection of antimicrobial resistance and virulence genes, and analysis of the genetic environment of the linezolid resistance genes. The characterization of isolate C10009 was performed by Whole-Genome-Sequencing and of isolate C10004 by PCR and amplicon sequencing, where applicable. Conjugation experiments to assess the transferability of the optrA and poxtA genes implicated in linezolid resistance were performed. Results: The linezolid-resistant E. faecium isolates C10004 and C10009, assigned to ST128 and ST437, respectively, harbored the optrA and poxtA genes. Neither mutations in the 23S rRNA nor in the genes for the ribosomal proteins L3, L4 and L22 were detected. C10004 and C10009 carried fourteen and thirteen antimicrobial resistance genes, respectively. The sequence alignment indicated that the genetic environment of the poxtA gene was identical in both isolates, with a downstream-located fexB gene. The poxtA gene was transferred by conjugation together with the fexB gene, and also with tet(M) and tet(L) in the case of isolate C10004. The optrA gene could not be transferred. Conclusions: This is the first report of the poxtA gene in Spain. The presence of poxtA- and optrA-carrying E. faecium isolates in air samples represents a public health concern, indicating an involvement of swine farms in the spread of linezolid-resistant bacteria

Comparison of two methods of progesterone application in a fixed time artificial insemination protocol in beef cows

Two experiments were conducted at two commercial farms to compare pregnancy rates of nulliparous (n = 178) and primiparous (n = 130; Farm 1), and multiparous (n = 161; Farm 2) Aberdeen Angus cows, when 200 mg s-c of injectable oil-based progesterone (MAD-4) or a 558 mg progesterone releasing intravaginal device (DIV) were used in a fixed time artificial insemination protocol based on estradiol benzoate (EB), prostaglandin (PG), equine chorionic gonadotropin (eCG) and gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH). Primiparous and multiparous cows were weaned 30 d before treatment (60–90 d postpartum). The ovarian status was determined by rectal palpation and the animals classified as cycling or in superficial anoestrus or deep anoestrus. The P4 source affected (P<0.0001) the pregnancy rate of primiparous and multiparous cows, but not that of nulliparous cows (Farm 1: Nulliparous: 51% and 42%; Primiparous: 42% and 10%, DIV and MAD-4, respectively, with a treatment x category interaction (P = 0.0056). Farm 2: DIV: 51% vs. MAD4: 9%, P=0.0001). Independently of the hormonal treatment, the ovarian status influenced pregnancy rates (P<0.0001), cycling cows showed the highest value and cows in deep anoestrus the lowest. No significant treatment x ovarian status interaction was found. It is concluded that replacing the DIV by MAD-4 decreased pregnancy rate of primiparous and multiparous cows, but not that of nulliparous ones

Identification of a membrane protein, LAT-2, that co-expresses with 4F2 heavy chain, an L-type amino acid transport activity with broad specificity for small and large zwitterionic amino acids

We have identified a new human cDNA, L-amino acid transporter-2 (LAT-2), that induces a system L transport activity with 4F2hc (the heavy chain of the surface antigen 4F2, also named CD98) in oocytes. Human LAT-2 is the fourth member of the family of amino acid transporters that are subunits of 4F2hc. The amino acid transport activity induced by the co-expression of 4F2hc and LAT-2 was sodium-independent and showed broad specificity for small and large zwitterionic amino acids, as well as bulky analogs (e.g. BCH (2-aminobicyclo-(2,2,1)-heptane-2-carboxylic acid)). This transport activity was highly trans-stimulated, suggesting an exchanger mechanism of transport. Expression of tagged N-myc-LAT-2 alone in oocytes did not induce amino acid transport, and the protein had an intracellular location. Co-expression of N-myc-LAT-2 and 4F2hc gave amino acid transport induction and expression of N-myc-LAT-2 at the plasma membrane of the oocytes. These data suggest that LAT-2 is an additional member of the family of 4F2 light chain subunits, which associates with 4F2hc to express a system L transport activity with broad specificity for zwitterionic amino acids. Human LAT-2 mRNA is expressed in kidney >>> placenta >> brain, liver > spleen, skeletal muscle, heart, small intestine, and lung. Human LAT-2 gene localizes at chromosome 14q11.2-13 (13 cR or approximately 286 kb from marker D14S1349). The high expression of LAT-2 mRNA in epithelial cells of proximal tubules, the basolateral location of 4F2hc in these cells, and the amino acid transport activity of LAT-2 suggest that this transporter contributes to the renal reabsorption of neutral amino acids in the basolateral domain of epithelial proximal tubule cells

Voltage-dependent Na+ channel phenotype changes in myoblasts. Consequences for cardiac repair

Objective: Cellular cardiomyoplasty using skeletal myoblasts is a promising therapy for myocardial infarct repair. Once transplanted, myoblasts grow, differentiate and adapt their electrophysiological properties towards more cardiac-like phenotypes. Voltage-dependent Na + channels (Na v ) are the main proteins involved in the propagation of the cardiac action potential, and their phenotype affects cardiac performance. Therefore, we examined the expression of Na v during proliferation and differentiation in skeletal myocytes. Methods and results: We used the rat neonatal skeletal myocyte cell line L6E9. Proliferation of L6E9 cells induced Na v 1.4 and Na v 1.5, although neither protein has an apparent role in cell growth. During myogenesis, Na v1.5 was largely induced. Electrophysiological and pharmacological properties, as well as mRNA expression, indicate that cardiac-type Na v1.5 accounts for almost 90% of the Na + current in myotubes. Unlike in proliferation, this protein plays a pivotal role in myogenesis. The adoption of a cardiac-like phenotype is further supported by the increase in Nav 1.5 colocalization in caveolae. Finally, we demonstrate that the treatment of myoblasts with neuregulin further increased Na v 1.5 in skeletal myocytes. Conclusion: Our results indicate that skeletal myotubes adopt a cardiac-like phenotype in cell culture conditions and that the expression of Na v1.5 acts as an underlying molecular mechanism

Targeted Cancer Therapy: What’s New in the Field of Neuroendocrine Neoplasms?

Neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) are a heterogeneous family of neoplasms of increasing incidence and high prevalence due to their relatively indolent nature. Their wide anatomic distribution and their characteristic ability to secrete hormonally active substances pose unique challenges for clinical management. They are also characterized by the common expression of somatostatin receptors, a target that has been extremely useful for diagnosis and treatment (i.e., somatostatin analogues (SSAs) and peptide-receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT)). Chemotherapy is of limited use for NETs of non-pancreatic origin, and the only approved targeted agents for advanced progressive NETs are sunitinib for those of pancreatic origin, and everolimus for lung, gastrointestinal and pancreatic primaries. Despite recent therapeutic achievements, thus, systemic treatment options remain limited. In this review we will discuss the state-of-the-art targeted therapies in the field of NETs, and also future perspectives of novel therapeutic drugs or strategies in clinical development, including recently presented results from randomized trials of yet unapproved antiangiogenic agents (i.e., pazopanib, surufatinib and axitinib), PRRT including both approved radiopharmaceuticals (177Lu-Oxodotreotide) and others in development (177Lu-Edotreotide, 177Lu-Satoreotide Tetraxetan), immunotherapy and other innovative targeted strategies (antibody-drug conjugates, bites,…) that shall soon improve the landscape of personalized treatment options in NET patients