Measurement of the azimuthal anisotropy of Y(1S) and Y(2S) mesons in PbPb collisions at root s(NN)=5.02 TeV

The second-order Fourier coefficients (v(2)) characterizing the azimuthal distributions of Y(1S) and Y(2S) mesons produced in PbPb collisions at root s(NN) = 5.02 TeV are studied. The Y mesons are reconstructed in their dimuon decay channel, as measured by the CMS detector. The collected data set corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 1.7 nb(-1). The scalar product method is used to extract the v2 coefficients of the azimuthal distributions. Results are reported for the rapidity range vertical bar y vertical bar < 2.4, in the transverse momentum interval 0 < pT < 50 GeV/c, and in three centrality ranges of 10-30%, 30-50% and 50-90%. In contrast to the J/psi mesons, the measured v(2) values for the Y mesons are found to be consistent with zero. (C) 2021 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V.Peer reviewe

High methane selective Pt cluster catalyst supported on Ga2O3 for CO2 hydrogenation

In heterogeneous catalysis, the CO2 hydrogenation reaction is an important class of reactions that has been widely studied for decades. Particularly, the particle size of the metal plays a crucial role in controlling the selectivity of the CO2 hydrogenation reaction. However, there have only been a few studies investigating the selectivity for sub-nanometer sized particles. Here, we report the effect of Pt particle size on the catalytic activity and selectivity of CO2 hydrogenation. The size of the Pt particles was tuned by changing the amount of loading. With low Pt loading on gallium oxide, Pt clusters were formed; however, Pt nanoparticles were synthesized with high Pt loading. The Pt clusters were mainly edge and step sites where CO2 adsorbs more strongly, while the Pt nanoparticles were mainly composed of terrace sites. The catalytic performance of the Pt catalysts was examined using CO2 hydrogenation. The Pt clusters showed a higher methane selectivity than that of the Pt nanoparticles. The reaction mechanism was analyzed by diffuse reflectance infrared fourier transform (DRIFT) spectroscopy at reaction conditions. The Pt clusters mainly showed the formate peak, while showing fewer carbonate peaks than the support. These results suggest that the formation of CH4 follows the formate route11Nsciescopu

Glutathione Peroxidase 3 Inhibits Prostate Tumorigenesis in TRAMP Mice

BACKGROUND Glutathione peroxidase 3 (GPx3) is involved in protecting cells from oxidative damage, and down-regulated levels of expression have been found in prostate cancer samples. We hypothesize that loss of the GPx3 increases the rate of prostate carcinogenesis and generated GPx3-deficient transgenic adenocarcinoma of the mouse prostate (TRAMP) mice. METHODSProstate cancer incidence and progression were determined in TRAMP, TRAMP/GPx3 (+/-) HET, and TRAMP/GPx3 (-/-) KO mice at 8, 16, and 20 weeks of age. RESULTSWe found that GPx3 expression was decreased in TRAMP mice and not detected in GPx3 KO mice both in mRNA and protein levels. Disruption of GPx3 expression in TRAMP mice increased the GU tract weights and the histopathological scores in each lobes with increased proliferation rates. Moreover, inactivation of one (+/-) or both (-/-) alleles of GPx3 resulted in increase in prostate cancer incidence with activated Wnt/-catenin pathway. CONCLUSIONSOur results provide the first in vivo molecular genetic evidence that GPx3 does indeed function as a tumor suppressor during prostate carcinogenesis. Prostate 76:1387-1398, 2016. (c) 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.N

Defective Nb2O5-supported Pt catalysts for CO oxidation: Promoting catalytic activity via oxygen vacancy engineering

© 2019 Elsevier Inc.We introduced oxygen vacancies into Nb2O5 via thermal treatment at 700 °C under oxygen-deficient conditions for different lengths of time. Niobia-supported Pt catalysts were subsequently synthesized using the wet impregnation method with the fabricated Nb2O5. The catalytic activity of the synthesized catalysts for CO oxidation exhibited a significant increase from that obtained for a counterpart having the Nb2O5 support treated under saturated oxygen conditions (i.e., in air). Moreover, increasing the number of oxygen vacancies was found to increase the catalytic activity. At 150 °C, the TOF calculated for the catalyst with the most oxygen vacancies was 0.36 s−1, which was much higher than that obtained from the catalyst possessing the fewest oxygen vacancies (0.05 s−1). Systematic characterization of the synthesized catalysts revealed the crucial impact of oxygen vacancies and active lattice oxygen on the enhancement of catalytic activit

Size-controlled model Ni catalysts on Ga2O3 for CO2 hydrogenation to methanol

© 2019 Elsevier Inc.The effect of particle size for Ni nanoparticles supported on β-Ga2O3 was investigated for CO2 hydrogenation to methanol at 0.5 MPa. Model Ni nanoparticles ranging from 3.3 to 10.2 nm were synthesized using the hot injection method by controlling the reaction temperature and time. The smallest Ni nanoparticles (3.3 nm) showed the highest catalytic activity across the entire temperature range and the largest Ni nanoparticles (10.2 nm) showed the highest methanol selectivity. The apparent activation energies for methanol with Ni nanoparticles increased from 6.0 to 18.4 kcal mol−1 as the nanoparticle size increased. Furthermore, it was found that the smallest Ni nanoparticles favor the reverse water gas shift reaction. In situ DRIFT analysis revealed that the gallium oxide itself could produce an intermediate species and the addition of Ni on the oxide support increases the hydrogenation rate. The Ni supported catalysts showed a CO peak, but the smallest Ni nanoparticles showed a larger CO peak than that for the largest Ni nanoparticles, which clearly supports that the smaller nanoparticles favor the reverse water gas shift reactio

Influence of Support Acidity of Pt/Nb 2 O 5 Catalysts on Selectivity of CO 2 Hydrogenation

© 2019, Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature. Abstract: In solid acid catalysis, understanding the impact of support acidity on catalytic performance has remained a controversial issue. The selected catalytic systems often rely on mixing different substances to control the degree of acidity, which in turn, also modifies other parameters in the system, making it challenging to perform a definitive study. To specifically investigate the role of support acidity, we performed a systematic study employing Nb 2 O 5 as the catalyst support, which acidity can be controlled by calcination. The catalytic behavior of the fabricated Pt/Nb 2 O 5 catalysts was evaluated using CO 2 hydrogenation to methanol (MeOH) and dimethyl ether (DME). An increase in the acidity of the support resulted in an improvement in the CO 2 conversion owing to the strong interaction between the Pt and the catalyst support, but it was detrimental for the production of MeOH because of the unfavorable adsorption of CO 2 molecules and the formation of carbon-containing species on the surface of the support with high acidity. DME selectivity was enhanced with an increase in catalyst acidity, confirming the role of solid acids for the production of DME from CO 2 reduction. Graphical Abstract: By controlling the calcination temperature of Nb 2 O 5 , tunable support acidity was obtained. CO 2 conversion increased while the selectivity of methanol and dimethyl ether decreased with increasing support acidity.11sciescopu

Data set in support of neurotoxicity of trimethyltin chloride by morphological and protein analysis

Trimethyltin chloride (TMT) is a neurotoxicant widely present in the aquatic environment. Chronic exposure of embryos to TMT for 4 days post-fertilization (dpf) elicited a concentration-related decrease in head & eye size and increase in axial malformation. In addition, Rohon-Beard sensory neurons and motor neurons showed decreased patterns of protein expression. These data coincide with previous research about the neurotoxicity of TMT on mRNA expression (Kim et al., 2016 [1]). These data demonstrates that TMT inhibits specific neurodevelopmental stages in zebrafish embryos and suggests a possible mechanism for the toxicity of TMT in vertebrate neurodevelopment. This paper contains data related to research concurrently published in Kim et al. (2016) [1]. Keywords: Trimethyltin chloride, Neurotoxicity, Zebrafis