Aleitamento materno exclusivo : conhecimentos e práticas das mães de crianças inscritas na consulta de desenvolvimento infantil no Centro de saúde de Ribeirinha

O AME é uma prática que contribui para melhorar os indicadores de saúde tanto para a criança quanto para a mulher prevenindo inúmeras doenças ao binómio mãe, filho. Por essa razão esse estudo teve por objetivo averiguar os conhecimentos e as praticas das mães inscritas nas consultas de desenvolvimento do centro de saúde de ribeirinha sobre o aleitamento materno exclusivo. Nessa pesquisa foi utilizada uma abordagem quantitativa, descritivo tendo usado como instrumento de recolha de dados um questionário, aplicado a vinte e quatro nutrizes com crianças que já haviam completado os seis meses de idade. Os resultados demonstraram que as mães do centro de saúde da ribeirinha possuem alguns conhecimentos teóricos sobre o aleitamento materno exclusivo, mas não dominam a pratica corretamente, pois de acordo com os dados 62,50% afirma praticar o aleitamento materno exclusivo, mas oferece água a criança o que demosntra descrença no poder nutricional do leite materno, e 37,50% confessa não ter praticado AME. Concluiu-se que o enfermeiro deverá fazer uma reflexão perante esses resultados e reavaliar as suas intervenções na promoção doAME, dando igual importância tanto a sensibilização, quanto a transmissão de competências praticas

Workload control under continuous order release

Past research on workload control (WLC) has been essentially focused on discrete order release. This means that release of orders to the shop floor takes places on a periodic basis. Continuous order release has been somehow neglected, in spite of its apparent potential for improving system performance, including the reduction of order flow times. This paper addresses a simulation study of this order release approach. The study contributes for improving the basis for setting workload norms and selecting the workload control strategy under continuous order release. Additionally, it gives insights on the choice of routing alternatives, which facilitate the linkage of continuous order release mechanisms with the specific characteristics of the shop floor.Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT)Universidade do Minh

How to release orders in assembly job shops?

This paper addresses the problem of controlling the production of complex products needing assembly operations. It presents a simulation study of how WLC release methods behave in an assembly job shop where due dates are set by customers. In particular two alternative strategies to drive the release of work orders are investigated, namely: (1) assigning the same due date and different planned release dates to each work order according to the routing length of each work order and (2) assigning the same due date and the same planned release date to each work order according to the routing length of the largest work order in the assembly order. These strategies are compared and assessed on the basis of two primary performance measures, i.e. total throughput time and mean absolute deviation of the lateness. Results contribute for understanding the implications of dealing with more complex environments than haven’t been dealt with in the past by WLC research.Universidade do MinhoFundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT

Supporting Information Visualization Through Topic Maps

We are living a phenomenon of accelerated information production with different accessing sources. Hence users are faced with a growing problem: accessing (navigation) and filtering specific information contained in large datasets, which are increasing in size. Procedures such as data filtering and gathering are now simplified through a new concept known as Topic Maps. The application of Virtual Reality technologies enables to present and interact with multidimensional information in a 3D space. In this paper we present INSPHERE, a new visual metaphor for information visualization, based on both, Virtual Reality techniques, and “geographical information maps” provided by Topic Maps

Ovule transcriptome analysis discloses deregulation of genes and pathways in sexual and apomictic Limonium species (Plumbaginaceae)

The genus Limonium Mill. (sea lavenders) includes species with sexual and apomixis reproductive strategies, although the genes involved in these processes are unknown. To explore the mechanisms beyond these reproduction modes, transcriptome profiling of sexual, male sterile, and facultative apomictic species was carried out using ovules from different developmental stages. In total, 15,166 unigenes were found to be differentially expressed with apomictic vs. sexual reproduc- tion, of which 4275 were uniquely annotated using an Arabidopsis thaliana database, with different regulations according to each stage and/or species compared. Gene ontology (GO) enrichment analy- sis indicated that genes related to tubulin, actin, the ubiquitin degradation process, reactive oxygen species scavenging, hormone signaling such as the ethylene signaling pathway and gibberellic acid- dependent signal, and transcription factors were found among differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between apomictic and sexual plants. We found that 24% of uniquely annotated DEGs were likely to be implicated in flower development, male sterility, pollen formation, pollen-stigma interactions, and pollen tube formation. The present study identifies candidate genes that are highly associated with distinct reproductive modes and sheds light on the molecular mechanisms of apomixis expression in Limonium spinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

A new plesiosaur from the Lower Jurassic of Portugal and the early radiation of Plesiosauroidea

A new plesiosaur partial skeleton, comprising most of the trunk and including axial, limb, and girdle bones, was collected in the lower Sinemurian (Coimbra Formation) of Praia da Concha, near São Pedro de Moel in central west Portugal. The specimen represents a new genus and species, Plesiopharos moelensis gen. et sp. nov. Phylogenetic analysis places this taxon at the base of Plesiosauroidea. Its position is based on this exclusive combination of characters: Presence of a straight preaxial margin of the radius; transverse processes of mid-dorsal vertebrae horizontally oriented; ilium with sub-circular cross section of the shaft and subequal anteroposterior expansion of the dorsal blade; straight proximal end of the humerus; and ventral surface of the humerus with an anteroposteriorly long shallow groove between the epipodial facets. In addition, the new taxon has the following autapomorphies: Iliac blade with less expanded, rounded and convex anterior flank; highly developed ischial facet of the ilium; apex of the neural spine of the first pectoral vertebra inclined posterodorsally with a small rounded tip. This taxon represents the most complete and the oldest plesiosaur species in the Iberian Peninsula. It is also the most complete, best preserved, and oldest marine vertebrate in the region and testifies to the incursion of marine reptiles in the newly formed proto-Atlantic sea, prior to the Atlantic Ocean floor spreading in the Early Cretaceous.publishersversionpublishe

Designing and implementing interdisciplinary projects in a systems engineering master programme

Interdisciplinary projects (IP) carried out by teams of students have been recognized as an important approach for learning in several fields and at several levels of education. In higher education, it can be an important drive for student learning motivation and an advantage for students when entering the working marketplace. The experience acquired while developing IP gives students technical and transversal competences highly relevant for employment but above all give students confidence and a competitive advantage. This paper aims at describing and discussing an experience in carrying out interdisciplinary projects in the context of a System Engineering Master (SEM) programme. First we explore the SEM programme philosophy and organization focussed on IP-based learning and then, for a particular IP course unit of the SEM, the dimensions of project design and specification, project interdisciplinarity, teaching team organization, support to students, project evaluation and individual students’ assessment. The authors argue that the IP learning model adopted in the case here reported is a good example of an IP-based learning at a master degree level.This study had the financial support of COMPETE: POCI-01-0145-FEDER-007043 and FCT -Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia within the Project Scope: UID/CEC/00319/201

A new gnathosaurine (Pterosauria, Archaeopterodactyloidea) from the Late Jurassic of Portugal

An incomplete, yet remarkably-sized dentated rostrum and associated partial cervical vertebrae of a pterosaur (ML 2554) were recently discovered from the Late Jurassic (Late Kimmeridgian-Early Tithonian) Lourinhã Formation of Praia do Caniçal, of central west Portugal. This specimen exhibits features such as a spatulated anterior expansion of the rostrum, robust comb-like dentition, and pronounced rims of the tooth alveoli, indicating gnathosaurine affinities. Based on its further unique tooth and dentary morphology, a new genus and species, Lusognathus almadrava gen. et spec. nov., is proposed, making this the first named pterosaur species found within Portugal. The presence of this taxon adds yet another element to the fluvio-deltaic lagoonal environment that has been suggested as representative of the Lourinhã Formation in the Late Jurassic, further contributing to the diversity and distribution of gnathosaurines worldwide

A Transcriptomic Approach to Understanding the Combined Impacts of Supra-Optimal Temperatures and CO2 Revealed Different Responses in the Polyploid Coffea arabica and Its Diploid Progenitor C. canephora

Understanding the effect of extreme temperatures and elevated air (CO2) is crucial for mitigating the impacts of the coffee industry. In this work, leaf transcriptomic changes were evaluated in the diploid C. canephora and its polyploid C. arabica, grown at 25 C and at two supra-optimal temperatures (37 C, 42 C), under ambient (aCO2) or elevated air CO2 (eCO2). Both species expressed fewer genes as temperature rose, although a high number of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were observed, especially at 42 C. An enrichment analysis revealed that the two species reacted differently to the high temperatures but with an overall up-regulation of the photosynthetic machinery until 37 C. Although eCO2 helped to release stress, 42 C had a severe impact on both species. A total of 667 photosynthetic and biochemical related-DEGs were altered with high temperatures and eCO2, which may be used as key probe genes in future studies. This was mostly felt in C. arabica, where genes related to ribulose-bisphosphate carboxylase (RuBisCO) activity, chlorophyll a-b binding, and the reaction centres of photosystems I and II were down-regulated, especially under 42 C, regardless of CO2. Transcriptomic changes showed that both species were strongly affected by the highest temperature, although they can endure higher temperatures (37 C) than previously assumed.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio