Ett lärande verktyg-Hur patienter med egentlig depression och vårdpersonal erfar och använder portfoliometoden inom psykiatrisk öppenvård

Major depressive disorder is an increasing problem in society. In recovery from major depression, the patient’s own abilities, such as control, understanding, and management of depression, play an important role. The portfolio method focuses on those abilities and the patient’s learning, understanding, and responsibility. The aim of this thesis was to follow and describe how patients with major depression and health care staff experience and use the portfolio method in psychiatric outpatient care and to follow and describe patient health for the duration of the study. An action research design allowed the portfolio method to be put into practice, and the study was conducted between April 2008 and August 2009 in two psychiatric outpatient clinics in western Sweden. During this time, the method was used and experienced by patients (N=5) diagnosed with major depression and by health care staff (N=7) working in these clinics. Data were collected from patients through individual interviews and from health care staff through group discussions and individual interviews. Patients also completed questionnaires (i.e., at baseline; after 3, 6, and 8 months; and after one year) to identify and assess depressive symptoms (Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale – MADRS), control functions (Multidimensional Health Locus of Control Scale – MHLC), self-efficacy (General Perceived Self-Efficacy Scale – GSE), and the presence of negative automatic thoughts (Automatic Thoughts Questionnaire – ATQ-N) to describe their health during the study period. The quantitative data were displayed graphically. Qualitative data were analysed using latent content analysis and finally interpreted from the perspective of social constructivist theory. The study results indicate that the portfolio was used by patients as a management strategy for processing and analysis, and that a portfolio’s structure affects its usability. For health care staff, the portfolio method contributed to new thinking and served as a tool for delegating responsibility, building alliances, and learning. The results for the health care staff also indicate that a care portfolio requires a structured introduction. From a social constructivist perspective, the core of portfolio use and experience was learning. Statements about learning are regularly made by both patients and health care staff. Structure, power, process, and understanding have emerged as important factors for learning. The main conclusion of the study is that patients use the portfolio for reflection on and confirmation of their progress, to create structure in their situation, as a management strategy for remembering situations and providing reminders of upcoming activities, and for expressive storytelling through documentation and processing. Health care staff experienced and used the method to allow for accountability, participation, and empowerment, to support patients’ self-care work, to help patients reflect on and understand their depression from a longer-term perspective, and as a method for creative activity and structure building that can be used in combination with other methods. It is necessary that issues be tailored to patients’ needs and abilities, that patients’ use of the portfolio be supported by health care staff, and that portfolio content is designed to help the patient understand their disease. It is also important that those who work with the method understand how to do so and what the purpose of the method is; for full usefulness. The method must also be accepted by health care staff and supported by management

Learning Through Reflection : The Portfolio Method As A Tool To Promote Work-Integrated Learning In Higher Education

Students need to develop meta-reflection to strengthen their learning process and to be able to manage the continuous changes encountered both higher education and in workplaces. Reflection is the most important for achieving progress within work integrated learning. For students to develop meta-reflection and achieve progression within work integrated learning, they need a systematic structure and conscious tools. The Portfolio method can be one of those tools.In this article we are going to discuss, from a theoretical standpoint, how teachers can develop a better structure for students so that they can strengthen their learning-process and progression of work integrated learning in higher education during internships which in turn promote lifelong learning. This progression of work integrated learning will be discussed in relation to the “WIL4U” model together with examples of reflection questions, learning outcomes, learning activities and examination forms. The “WIL4U” model was developed from the “AIL 4E (DUCATION)” model created by Bernhardsson, Gellerstedt and Svensson.The purpose of this conceptual discussion article is to highlight the portfolio method as a structure and tool for progress work integrated learning by reflection.With support of the portfolio method, the students can develop their ability to make well-balanced, and reflected choices in planning actions for work integrated learning. This requires well-developed self-regulation and the ability to meta-cognition and systematic meta-reflection to evaluate the effects of various actions. The portfolio method can also improve the reflection-process to develop the student's ability to emphasize strengths and increase the ability to achieve the learning outcomes in higher education

Salutary factors and hospital work environments: a qualitative descriptive study of nurses in Sweden

The Department of Health Sciences at University West supported the study21 January 2021: An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via the original article.</p

Development and Psychometric Test of the Salutogenic Survey on Sustainable Working Life for Nurses : Identifying Resistance Resources against Stress

Extensive research shows nurses’ work environment to be particularly stressful. This study develops, explores, and psychometrically tests a new profession-specific questionnaire identifying generalised and specific resistance resources, that make it possible to measure resources to manage work-related stress. An exploratory study design was employed. The questionnaire development was inspired by the MEASURE approach and the salutogenic theory of health. Building on the results from a literature review of nursing research and salutogenesis, supplemented by twelve interviews with hospital nurses, an item pool was generated. The first version was pilot-tested in a group of nurses who were studying to become specialist nurses. The second version of the questionnaire was psychometrically tested on a sample of registered nurses in close patient care (n = 475), analysed using confirmatory factor analysis to test seven predefined domains of the questionnaire. The analysis revealed a first order seven-domain model of 21 items: job satisfaction, professional role, work motivation, commitment, belonging in the workplace, factors and conditions for remaining in the profession, and workload. The structure of the questionnaire indicates its usefulness in clinical practice for measuring resistance resources.CC BY 4.0</p

Utveckling av ett nytt yrke inom socialpsykiatrisk vård

The program in Social Psychiatric Care is a three-year program at the university level leading to a vocational qualification in social psychiatric care and a bachelor's degree in the field of Health Sciences. Until the spring of 2018, six litters have graduated. Students in the social psychiatric care program often have personal interest, previous professional experience from the business areas or inspiration from related friends working in the field of activity. Personal experiences of problems in the fields of activity are also prominent among the students. Students believe that personal experience, willingness and ability is important in order to work within the profession. Characteristics of the students are also an interest and a clear empathetic willingness to work with people and they consider that the profession primarily requires characteristics such as altruism, empathy, social skills and deeper knowledge and understanding in the field. Upon completion of education, students want a career role where they can help other people, feel motivated, or they aim for specific positions or areas of activity. Both managers and alumni from the Social Psychiatric Care program value the broad professional competence that the program leads to. Psychiatric competence is emphasized as particularly valuable by both alumni and managers. This competence means that they also complement the other professions in the activities. Students consider themselves possessed a professional identity that involves introducing psychiatric and custody skills to organizations that previously lacked these perspectives. Something that also brings new approaches to patients, users and clients. Being able to use knowledge from several disciplines are considered to be a strength and competence that are well-needed in environments where people with mental ill health are cared for. The alumni perceive their knowledge as both interdisciplinary and interprofessional.Programmet i Socialpsykiatrisk vård är ett treårigt program på högskolenivå som leder till en yrkesexamen inom socialpsykiatrisk vård och en kandidatexamen i huvudområdet Vårdvetenskap. Fram till våren 2018 har sex kullar tagit sin examen. Studenter i programmet för Socialpsykiatrisk vård har ofta ett personligt intresse, tidigare yrkeserfarenhet från verksamhetsområdena eller inspiration från närstående/vänner som arbetar inom verksamhetsområdet. Även personliga erfarenheter av problem inom verksamhetsområdena är framträdande bland studenterna. Studenterna anser att den personliga erfarenheten, viljan och förmågan är viktigt för att kunna verka inom yrket. Utmärkande egenskaper hos studenterna är också ett specifikt intresse och en tydlig empatisk vilja av att arbeta med människor och de anser att yrket framförallt kräver egenskaper som altruism, empati, social kompetens samt en fördjupad kunskap och förståelse inom området. Efter avslutad utbildning önskar studenterna få möjligt till en yrkesroll där de kan hjälpa andra människor, eller så har de sikte på en specifik befattning eller ett speciellt verksamhetsområde. Såväl chefer som alumner från programmet Socialpsykiatrisk vård värdesätter den breda yrkeskompetens som programmet leder till. Den psykiatriska kompetensen betonas som särskilt värdefull av både alumner och chefer. Denna kompetens innebär att de också utgör ett komplement till övriga professioner inom verksamheterna. Studenterna anser sig ha erövrat en professionell identitet som handlar om att föra in psykiatriska och vårdande kunskaper till organisationer som tidigare saknat dessa perspektiv. Något som också medför nya förhållningssätt till patienter, brukare och klienter. Att kunna använda kunskap från flera discipliner anses som en styrka och en kompetens som är välbehövd i miljöer där personer med psykisk ohälsa vårdas. Alumnerna uppfattar sin kunskap som både tvärdisciplinär och interprofessionell

Problematization of perspectives on health promotion and empowerment in mental health nursing – within the research network “MeHNuRse” and the Horatio conference, 2012

Mental illness is increasing worldwide, while a trend towards an ever more specialized health care takes place. This development creates great demands on nurses to work from a holistic perspective of nursing. The health perspective emphasizes cooperation and communication with those who suffer from long-term mental illness, focusing on their independence and health. From a health perspective, every human being is an actor in his/her own life with an inherent ability to make their own choices. However, persons who suffer from long-term mental illness are at risk of losing power and control over areas of their lives and their health. Mental health nurses are in position to support these persons in promoting health and to regain control over their lives. The emphasis of this paper is thus to discuss mental health nurses responsibility to provide health promoting nursing care, through interpretation of the concepts of empowerment, emancipation, self-efficacy and self-management how can mental health nurses work from a health-promoting perspective in relation to these concepts. The focus of this paper is the challenge of real health promotion in mental health nursing discussed at a workshop at the European Horatio festival in Stockholm 2012 with over 600 participating mental health nurses and researchers from European countries. © 2014 P. D. Jönsson et al

Health-promoting factors among students in higher education within health care and social work: a cross-sectional analysis of baseline data in a multicentre longitudinal study

Background Educational environments are considered important in strengthening students’ health status and knowledge, which are associated with good educational outcomes. It has been suggested to establish healthy universities based on a salutogenic approach – namely, health promotion. The aim of this study was to describe health-promoting resources and factors among first-semester students in higher education in healthcare and social work. Methods This cross-sectional study is based on a survey distributed among all students in seven healthcare and social work programmes at six universities in southern Sweden. The survey was carried out in 2018 using a self-reported, web-based questionnaire focussing on general health and well-being, lifestyle factors together with three validated instruments measuring health-promoting factors and processes: the Sense of Coherence (SOC) scale, Salutogenic Health Indicator Scale (SHIS) and Occupational Balance Questionnaire (OBQ). Results Of 2283 students, 851 (37.3%) completed the survey, of whom 742 (87.1%) were women; 722 (84.8%) were enrolled on healthcare programmes, and 129 (15.2%) were enrolled on social work programmes. Most reported good general health and well-being (88.1% and 83.7%, respectively). The total mean scores for the SOC scale, SHIS and OBQ were, respectively, 59.09 (SD = 11.78), 44.04 (SD = 9.38) and 26.40 (SD = 7.07). Well-being and several healthy lifestyles were related to better general health and higher SOC, SHIS and OBQ scores. Multiple linear and logistic regressions showed that perceived well-being and no sleeping problems significantly predicted higher general health and higher SOC, SHIS and OBQ scores. Being less sedentary and non-smoking habits were significant predictors of higher SOC. Conclusions Swedish students in higher education within the healthcare and social work sector report good general health and well-being in the first semester, as well as health-promoting resources (i.e. SOC, SHIS and OBQ), and in some aspects, a healthy lifestyle. High-intensity exercise, no sleeping problems and non-smoking seem to be of importance to both general health and health-promotive resources. This study contributes to knowledge about the health promotive characteristics of students in the healthcare and social work fields, which is of importance for planning universities with a salutogenic approach.Open access funding provided by Halmstad University. The six universities in the Swedish framework for ‘Health Research in Collaboration’ and Region Västra Götaland jointly financed the cost of project management. All authors receive regular research support from their respective universities. This research project has not received external funding and has not undergone peer review by the funding body.</p

Occupational balance and associated factors among students during higher education within healthcare and social work in Sweden : a multicentre repeated cross-sectional study

Objective The aim was to explore whether occupational balance is associated with health, health-promoting resources, healthy lifestyle and social study factors among students during higher education within healthcare and social work. Design The study has a multicentre repeated cross-sectional design. Data were collected via a self-reported, web-based questionnaire based on the validated instruments: the 11-item Occupational Balance Questionnaire (OBQ11), the Sense of Coherence (SOC) Scale, the Salutogenic Health Indicator Scale (SHIS) and five questions from the General Nordic Questionnaire (QPS Nordic) together with questions about general health and lifestyle factors. Setting Students at six universities in western Sweden at one of the following healthcare or social work programmes: biomedical scientists, dental hygienists, nurses, occupational therapists, physiotherapists, radiology nurses and social workers. Participants Of 2283 students, 851 (37.3%) participated. Results The students experienced that occupational balance increased during education. The total OBQ11 score was higher among students in semesters 4 and 6/7, compared with semester 1 students. Students with higher OBQ11 also reported higher SOC throughout their education, while health seemed to decrease. Students who reported higher levels of OBQ11 reported lower levels of health and well-being in semesters 4 and 6/7, compared with semester 1. There was an opposite pattern for students reporting lower levels of OBQ11. Conclusions The association between higher levels of OBQ11 and lower levels of health and well-being is remarkable. There is a need for more research on this contradiction and what it means for students’ health and well-being in the long run.CC BY NC 4.0</p