13,127 research outputs found
A coarse grained model of granular compaction and relaxation
We introduce a theoretical model for the compaction of granular materials by discrete vibrations which is expected to hold when the intensity of vibration is low. The dynamical unit is taken to be clusters of granules that belong to the same collective structure. We rigourously construct the model from first principles and show that numerical solutions compare favourably with a range of experimental results. This includes the logarithmic relaxation towards a statistical steady state, the effect of varying the intensity of vibration resulting in a so-called `annealing' curve, and the power spectrum of density fluctuations in the steady state itself. A mean-field version of the model is introduced which shares many features with the exact model and is open to quantitative analysi
Radiative, actively cooled panel tests results
The radiative, actively cooled panel designed to withstand a uniform incident heat flux of 136 kW/sq m to a 444 K surface temperature was evaluated. The test program consisted of preliminary static thermal mechanical loading and aerothermal flow tests. Test results are briefly discussed
Study of 'ratio' automatically assembled structures final report, 15 jun. 1963 - 15 jun. 1964
Structural analysis of RATIO automatically assembled panel sections for application to spaceborne paraboloidal antenn
Seeking for a fingerprint: analysis of point processes in actigraphy recording
Motor activity of humans displays complex temporal fluctuations which can be
characterized by scale-invariant statistics, thus documenting that structure
and fluctuations of such kinetics remain similar over a broad range of time
scales. Former studies on humans regularly deprived of sleep or suffering from
sleep disorders predicted change in the invariant scale parameters with respect
to those representative for healthy subjects. In this study we investigate the
signal patterns from actigraphy recordings by means of characteristic measures
of fractional point processes. We analyse spontaneous locomotor activity of
healthy individuals recorded during a week of regular sleep and a week of
chronic partial sleep deprivation. Behavioural symptoms of lack of sleep can be
evaluated by analysing statistics of duration times during active and resting
states, and alteration of behavioural organization can be assessed by analysis
of power laws detected in the event count distribution, distribution of waiting
times between consecutive movements and detrended fluctuation analysis of
recorded time series. We claim that among different measures characterizing
complexity of the actigraphy recordings and their variations implied by chronic
sleep distress, the exponents characterizing slopes of survival functions in
resting states are the most effective biomarkers distinguishing between healthy
and sleep-deprived groups.Comment: Communicated at UPON2015, 14-17 July 2015, Barcelona. 21 pages, 11
figures; updated: figures 4-7, text revised, expanded Sec. 1,3,
Evolutionary instability of Zero Determinant strategies demonstrates that winning isn't everything
Zero Determinant (ZD) strategies are a new class of probabilistic and
conditional strategies that are able to unilaterally set the expected payoff of
an opponent in iterated plays of the Prisoner's Dilemma irrespective of the
opponent's strategy, or else to set the ratio between a ZD player's and their
opponent's expected payoff. Here we show that while ZD strategies are weakly
dominant, they are not evolutionarily stable and will instead evolve into less
coercive strategies. We show that ZD strategies with an informational advantage
over other players that allows them to recognize other ZD strategies can be
evolutionarily stable (and able to exploit other players). However, such an
advantage is bound to be short-lived as opposing strategies evolve to
counteract the recognition.Comment: 14 pages, 4 figures. Change in title (again!) to comply with Nature
Communications requirements. To appear in Nature Communication
AN INVESTIGATION OF CERTAIN THERMODYNAMIC AND TRANSPORT PROPERTIES OF WATER AND WATER VAPOR IN THE CRITICAL REGION
An accurate knowledge of thermodynamic and transport properties of water in the critical region is required in order to analyze future power cycles, nuclear reactor configurations, and other types of heat transfer apparatus. Preliminnry investigations showed that this was rot possible with presently existing tabulations. Experimentel data from volumetric viscosity and thermal conductivity studies were therefore selected and retabulated. Smoothings of these data are described and, for the first time, a tabulation at close intervals of pressure and temperature of the volumetric data is possible for steam in the critical region. A graphical presentation is given of volumetric data from 700 to 750 deg F. An important result of this study was that excellent agreement existed between the many P-V-T measurements for this substance even though some of the data was obtained many years ago. Differences occurring between the tabulated data of various steam tables were found to arise from the use of inexact equations of state or interpolation techniques rather than from faulty primary data. New P-V-T data were derived from measurements of other investigators, by a graphical technique and it is estimated that it yielded pressure values accurate to some five parts in ten thousand except in the subcooled liquid region (for specific volumes below 0.040 ftsup 3/lb), where the uncertainty may be some twenty parts in ten thousand. Study of the existing thermal conductivity and viscosity data suggests that the Russian work is the most consistent. However, it appears that the empirical equations proposed for interpolation do not adequately represent the data in the critical region. No attempt has been made to derive thermodynamic functions or to analyze the transport data. (auth
Anomalous diffusion and generalized Sparre-Andersen scaling
We are discussing long-time, scaling limit for the anomalous diffusion
composed of the subordinated L\'evy-Wiener process. The limiting anomalous
diffusion is in general non-Markov, even in the regime, where ensemble averages
of a mean-square displacement or quantiles representing the group spread of the
distribution follow the scaling characteristic for an ordinary stochastic
diffusion. To discriminate between truly memory-less process and the non-Markov
one, we are analyzing deviation of the survival probability from the (standard)
Sparre-Andersen scaling.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figure
Simple model with facilitated dynamics for granular compaction
A simple lattice model is used to study compaction in granular media. As in
real experiments, we consider a series of taps separated by large enough
waiting times. The relaxation of the density exhibits the characteristic
inverse logarithmic law. Moreover, we have been able to identify analytically
the relevant time scale, leading to a relaxation law independent of the
specific values of the parameters. Also, an expression for the asymptotic
density reached in the compaction process has been derived. The theoretical
predictions agree fairly well with the results from the Monte Carlo simulation.Comment: 15 pages, 4 figures, REVTeX file; no changes except for
single-spacing to save paper (previous version 22 pages
Domain Dynamics of Magnetic Films with Perpendicular Anisotropy
We study the magnetic properties of nanoscale magnetic films with large
perpendicular anisotropy comparing polarization microscopy measurements on
Co_28Pt_72 alloy samples based on the magneto-optical Kerr effect with Monte
Carlo simulations of a corresponding micromagnetic model. We focus on the
understanding of the dynamics especially the temperature and field dependence
of the magnetisation reversal process. The experimental and simulational
results for hysteresis, the reversal mechanism, domain configurations during
the reversal, and the time dependence of the magnetisation are in very good
qualitative agreement. The results for the field and temperature dependence of
the domain wall velocity suggest that for thin films the hysteresis can be
described as a depinning transition of the domain walls rounded by thermal
activation for finite temperatures.Comment: 7 pages Latex, Postscript figures included, accepted for publication
in Phys.Rev.B, also availible at:
http://www.thp.Uni-Duisburg.DE/Publikationen/Publist_Us_R.htm
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