Biological effectiveness of a new multifunctional biopesticide in the protection of organic potatoes from diseases

Received: January 29th, 2021 ; Accepted: June 22nd, 2021 ; Published: September 9th, 2021 ; Correspondence: [email protected] disease control is of particular importance in organic crop production, as the use of chemical pesticides is prohibited there. A new multifunctional biofungicide Kartofin was selected and used to optimize the phytosanitary state of organic potatoes ecosystems. Previously of studies indicated the prospects of using the biofungicide to control numerous fungal and bacterial diseases during the potato growing season and storage of tubers. The crop rotation field experiment was carried out in 2017–2020 at the Experimental Station of the IEEP - BRANCH OF FSAC VIM near Saint-Petersburg (59°65 N and 30°38 E). The soil of experimental plots is sod-podzolic light loamy. In the potatoes (variety Udacha) field, a 2-factor field experiment was established which studied: the action of biofungicide Kartofin; the effect of the compost. The experiment was established on the plots with the size 61.6 m2 each. The experiment had four replications. Three doses of the compost were used which corresponded to different levels of the potato productivity. Potatoes were treated with biofungicide at the time of planting and by foliar spray during the growing season. The combined use of compost at a dose of 4 t ha-1 and biofungcide made it possible to achieve the yield of standard tubers of 27.3–28.2 t ha-1 with their low incidence of fungal diseases. The biological effectiveness of the biofungicide Kartofin in reducing the prevalence and development of a complex of fungal diseases (alternariosis, late blight, stem form of rhizoctoniosis) on potato plants of the Udacha variety reached 82.2–89.9%

Characteristics of Early-Onset vs Late-Onset Colorectal Cancer: A Review.

The incidence of early-onset colorectal cancer (younger than 50 years) is rising globally, the reasons for which are unclear. It appears to represent a unique disease process with different clinical, pathological, and molecular characteristics compared with late-onset colorectal cancer. Data on oncological outcomes are limited, and sensitivity to conventional neoadjuvant and adjuvant therapy regimens appear to be unknown. The purpose of this review is to summarize the available literature on early-onset colorectal cancer. Within the next decade, it is estimated that 1 in 10 colon cancers and 1 in 4 rectal cancers will be diagnosed in adults younger than 50 years. Potential risk factors include a Westernized diet, obesity, antibiotic usage, and alterations in the gut microbiome. Although genetic predisposition plays a role, most cases are sporadic. The full spectrum of germline and somatic sequence variations implicated remains unknown. Younger patients typically present with descending colonic or rectal cancer, advanced disease stage, and unfavorable histopathological features. Despite being more likely to receive neoadjuvant and adjuvant therapy, patients with early-onset disease demonstrate comparable oncological outcomes with their older counterparts. The clinicopathological features, underlying molecular profiles, and drivers of early-onset colorectal cancer differ from those of late-onset disease. Standardized, age-specific preventive, screening, diagnostic, and therapeutic strategies are required to optimize outcomes

Risk profiles and one-year outcomes of patients with newly diagnosed atrial fibrillation in India: Insights from the GARFIELD-AF Registry.

BACKGROUND: The Global Anticoagulant Registry in the FIELD-Atrial Fibrillation (GARFIELD-AF) is an ongoing prospective noninterventional registry, which is providing important information on the baseline characteristics, treatment patterns, and 1-year outcomes in patients with newly diagnosed non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF). This report describes data from Indian patients recruited in this registry. METHODS AND RESULTS: A total of 52,014 patients with newly diagnosed AF were enrolled globally; of these, 1388 patients were recruited from 26 sites within India (2012-2016). In India, the mean age was 65.8 years at diagnosis of NVAF. Hypertension was the most prevalent risk factor for AF, present in 68.5% of patients from India and in 76.3% of patients globally (P < 0.001). Diabetes and coronary artery disease (CAD) were prevalent in 36.2% and 28.1% of patients as compared with global prevalence of 22.2% and 21.6%, respectively (P < 0.001 for both). Antiplatelet therapy was the most common antithrombotic treatment in India. With increasing stroke risk, however, patients were more likely to receive oral anticoagulant therapy [mainly vitamin K antagonist (VKA)], but average international normalized ratio (INR) was lower among Indian patients [median INR value 1.6 (interquartile range {IQR}: 1.3-2.3) versus 2.3 (IQR 1.8-2.8) (P < 0.001)]. Compared with other countries, patients from India had markedly higher rates of all-cause mortality [7.68 per 100 person-years (95% confidence interval 6.32-9.35) vs 4.34 (4.16-4.53), P < 0.0001], while rates of stroke/systemic embolism and major bleeding were lower after 1 year of follow-up. CONCLUSION: Compared to previously published registries from India, the GARFIELD-AF registry describes clinical profiles and outcomes in Indian patients with AF of a different etiology. The registry data show that compared to the rest of the world, Indian AF patients are younger in age and have more diabetes and CAD. Patients with a higher stroke risk are more likely to receive anticoagulation therapy with VKA but are underdosed compared with the global average in the GARFIELD-AF. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION-URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT01090362

Семантический аспект сослагательного наклонения в историческом контексте

The function of a conjunctive mood is analyzed in work with reference to historical process. The real historical event regularities are carried out in comparison with its alternative opportunities on a material of the conditional- evidence relations expressed in Russian language.В работе анализируется функция сослагательного наклонения применительно к историческому процессу. На материале условноследственных отношений, выражаемых в русском языке, рассматриваются закономерности реальных исторических событий в сравнении с их альтернативными возможностями

Model of Forecasting the Social News Events on the Basis of Stochastic Dynamics Methods

For a description of the information space it is introduced a vector representation of the constituent text documents that are bound by the events described in the timeline. The predicted event is also represented by a vector obtained on the base of its text description. The mean value of projections of the information space in the direction of the vector of predicted events at different time points is considered as a set of information system states. It is also entered the change values of states. To describe transitions between states is used a probabilistic approach and the difference transition scheme. This makes it possible to get the dependence of the time for the value of the probability density for the event “detection information system in a state” in the form of a second order differential equation. On the basis of this equation is formulated and solved the boundary problem. Carried out by the authors the analysis of the stochastic dynamics of achievement a threshold of realization of news events has allowed the establishing of the ability to increase the probability of transition almost simultaneously with the beginning of the process of the news cluster structure changing. This is due to the presence of the memory of previous states in the information system and the possibility of self-description, as a result of accounting in the differential model information processes on the basis of the second derivative over time. In addition, the proposed model demonstrates the possibility of sudden changes in the probability of crossing the threshold of events and takes into account the presence of oscillations in her behavior. Based on the model developed it is proposed the algorithm for analysis of news clusters relationship in the information field with the possibility of occurrence of the predicted event, and determined the possible time of its implementation

Model of Forecasting the Social News Events on the Basis of Stochastic Dynamics Methods

For a description of the information space it is introduced a vector representation of the constituent text documents that are bound by the events described in the timeline. The predicted event is also represented by a vector obtained on the base of its text description. The mean value of projections of the information space in the direction of the vector of predicted events at different time points is considered as a set of information system states. It is also entered the change values of states. To describe transitions between states is used a probabilistic approach and the difference transition scheme. This makes it possible to get the dependence of the time for the value of the probability density for the event “detection information system in a state” in the form of a second order differential equation. On the basis of this equation is formulated and solved the boundary problem. Carried out by the authors the analysis of the stochastic dynamics of achievement a threshold of realization of news events has allowed the establishing of the ability to increase the probability of transition almost simultaneously with the beginning of the process of the news cluster structure changing. This is due to the presence of the memory of previous states in the information system and the possibility of self-description, as a result of accounting in the differential model information processes on the basis of the second derivative over time. In addition, the proposed model demonstrates the possibility of sudden changes in the probability of crossing the threshold of events and takes into account the presence of oscillations in her behavior. Based on the model developed it is proposed the algorithm for analysis of news clusters relationship in the information field with the possibility of occurrence of the predicted event, and determined the possible time of its implementation

Bactericidal effect of lysozyme

Isolation of lysozyme from hemolymph of Alveonasus lahorensis (Acari: Parasitiformes, Argasidae) and Hyalomma marginatum (Acari: Parasitiformes, Ixodidae) with using ultrasound is described. It was shown that the bactericidal effect of the ultrasoundextracted lysozyme against Staphylococcus aureus and Micrococcus luteus significantly exceeded that of the chicken egg lysozyme and lysozyme from ticks without ultrasound exposure. Disintegration of the hemolymph cells increased lysozyme production

The investigations of nanoclusters and micron-sized periodic structures created at the surface of the crystal and amorphous silica by resonant CO

The creation of nanoclasters and micrometer sized periodical structures at the surface of silica (crystal quartz and fused quartz) by action of pulsed CO2 laser radiation (pulse energy of 1 J, pulse time of 70 ns) have been investigated. The laser action on the surface of samples lead to appearance of two kind of structures – periodical micron-sized structures with the period length close to wave length of CO2 laser irradiation and nanoclusters with size close to 50-100 nanometers. This creation connects with the intensive ablation of matter at the maxima of standing waves which are a results of the interference of falling and surfaces waves. This connects with the resonant absorption of infrared laser radiation by silicate minerals

Bactericidal effect of lysozyme

Isolation of lysozyme from hemolymph of Alveonasus lahorensis (Acari: Parasitiformes, Argasidae) and Hyalomma marginatum (Acari: Parasitiformes, Ixodidae) with using ultrasound is described. It was shown that the bactericidal effect of the ultrasoundextracted lysozyme against Staphylococcus aureus and Micrococcus luteus significantly exceeded that of the chicken egg lysozyme and lysozyme from ticks without ultrasound exposure. Disintegration of the hemolymph cells increased lysozyme production

The investigations of nanoclusters and micron-sized periodic structures created at the surface of the crystal and amorphous silica by resonant CO2 laser irradiation

The creation of nanoclasters and micrometer sized periodical structures at the surface of silica (crystal quartz and fused quartz) by action of pulsed CO2 laser radiation (pulse energy of 1 J, pulse time of 70 ns) have been investigated. The laser action on the surface of samples lead to appearance of two kind of structures – periodical micron-sized structures with the period length close to wave length of CO2 laser irradiation and nanoclusters with size close to 50-100 nanometers. This creation connects with the intensive ablation of matter at the maxima of standing waves which are a results of the interference of falling and surfaces waves. This connects with the resonant absorption of infrared laser radiation by silicate minerals