3,069 research outputs found

    Ética e debate público

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    This article attempts to show how the discussions of a committee of specialists, assembled to solve technical difficulties raised by an innovative social practice, can be considered as being in the arena of public debate. The impasses in decision-making which regularly confront them, reveal the limits of their capacity to solve certain problems in their own closed circle, precisely because these pro- blems engage the society’s future. Political authorities must thus intervene to organize a more widespread exchange of views, that can lead to collectively assumed choices.Cet article vise à montrer comment les discussions qui ont lieu au sein d une commission de spécialistes, réunis pour régler des diffi- cultés techniques soulevées par une pratique sociale novatrice, peu- vent s’inscrire dans un espace de débat public. Les impasses décisionnelles auxquelles ils sont régulièrement confrontés, révèlent les limites de leur capacité à résoudre entre eux certains problè- mes, et ceci parce qu’ils engagent 1’avenir de la société. Les instances politiques ont de ce fait à intervenir pour organiser des échanges plus larges, qui puissent aboutir à des choix assumés collectivementEste artigo mostra como as discussões ocorridas no interior de uma comissão de especialistas, reunidos para resolver as dificuldades técnicas levantadas por uma prática social inovadora, podem se inscrever em um espaço de debate público. Os impasses do processo decisório, aos quais esses especialistas são regularmente confrontados, revelam os limites de sua capacidade de resolver certos problemas que envolvem o futuro da sociedade. As instâncias políticas devem por isso intervir para organizar trocas mais amplas de pontos de vista que possam conduzir a escolhas assumidas coletivamente

    Edible flowers: traditional and current use

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    Flowers have been part of human life since antiquity. Several civilizations have left the legacy of using flowers in art, natural medicine, as well as in cooking to color, flavor and embellish various dishes. Edible flowers (EF) are those that can be consumed without endangering consumer’s health. Although not all countries in the world use flowers for food, their use has increased in general, as well as the interest of researchers from different areas of knowledge, as they are considered new sources of nutrients and bioactive compounds. However, the safety of its use is still questioned due to the lack of more information about the maximum safe amount of daily intake. This review aimed to gather information about the traditional use of EF, safety in consumption and consumers’ perception of these products

    In vitro study of mineral nutrition in Sinningia allagophylla (Martius) Wiehler (Gesneriaceae) related to adaptation to cerrado conditions

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    In vitro studies on S. allagophylla were carried out using, as a starting material, seeds collected from wild plants growing in campo cerrado vegetation at the Reserva Biológica e Estação Experimental de Moji-Guaçu, SP, Brazil. Two aspects of plant adaptation to cerrado conditions were tested in vitro: effect of pH and nutrient concentration, using the two traditional Murashige & Skoog (MS) e o de Gamborg et al. (B5) media. MS basic medium was modified in relation to pH by a gradient of initial pH values ranging from 4.2 to 5.8 at 0.2 pH unit intervals and with progressively lower concentrations of KNO3, KH2PO4 and MgSO4.7H2O. B5 medium was tested with standard or half-strength nutrients. Results shown that, in vitro, this material showed: increased growth in acid media and all explants cultivated in vitro regardless of the initial pH acidified the media; growth was not affected by the reduction of nitrate concentration and even B5 half-strength nutrients promoted growth, mainly in relation to leaf expansion; growth was the same in the complete presence or absence (in relation to the MS medium) of KH2PO4 and MgSO4.7H2O. These in vitro results are consistent with a plant well-adapted to absorbing nutrients in acid, nutrient-poor, aluminium-rich cerrado soils.O estudo in vitro foi realizado a partir de sementes de S. allagophylla, colhidas de plantas crescidas na Reserva Biológica de Moji-Guaçu. Foram testadas duas interfaces da adaptação desta espécie às condições do cerrado: efeito do pH e das concentrações de nutrientes, utilizando o meio básico de Murashige & Skoog (MS) e o de Gamborg et al. (B5). Modificações do meio MS foram feitas em relação ao pH, com um gradiente de valores iniciais, indo do 4,2 ao 5,8 (intervalos de 0,2), e em relação aos nutrientes KNO3, KH2PO4 e MgSO4.7H2O, com concentrações progressivamente menores destes. Quanto ao meio B5 foi testada a composição nutricional nas concentrações totais e reduzidas à metade (B5 50%). Os resultados mostraram que as adaptações desta espécie do cerrado in vitro foram: todos os explantes, independente do valor inicial do pH, acidificaram o meio e o crescimento foi mais favorável em meios com menores valores iniciais de pH; o crescimento não foi afetado pela diminuição da concentração de nitrato e a redução da composição nutricional do meio B5 até promoveu o crescimento, principalmente quanto à expansão foliar; o crescimento foi similar tanto na presença como na ausência total de KH2PO4 e de MgSO4.7H2O (em relação ao meio MS). Estes resultados são consistentes com o conceito de uma planta bem adaptada em absorver nutrientes de solos de cerrado, solos estes ácidos, pobres em nutrientes e ricos em alumínio.153159Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES

    The pattern of c-Fos expression and its refractory period in the brain of rats and monkeys

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    Intense activation of neurons triggers the appearance of immediate expression genes, including c-Fos. This gene is related to various signal cascades involved in biochemical processes such as neuronal plasticity, cell growth and mitosis. Here we investigate the expression pattern and the refractory period of c-Fos in rats and monkey's brains after stimulation with pentylenetetrazol. Rats and monkeys were sacrificed at various times after PTZ-induced seizure. Here we show that rats and monkeys already showed c-Fos expression at 0.5 h after seizure. Yet, the pattern of protein expression was longer in monkeys than rats, and also was not uniform (relative intensity) across different brain regions in monkeys as opposed to rats. in addition monkeys had a regional brain variation with regard to the temporal profile of c-Fos expression, which was not seen in rats. the refractory period after a second PTZ stimulation was also markedly different between rats and monkeys with the latter even showing a summatory effect on c-Fos expression after a second stimulation. However, assessment of c-Fos mRNA in rats indicated a post-transcriptional control mechanism underlying the duration of the refractory period. the difference in the protein expression pattern in rodents and primates characterizes a functional aspect of brain biochemistry that differs between these mammalian orders and may contribute for the more developed primate cognitive complexity as compared to rodents given c-Fos involvement in cognitive and learning tasks.Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Physiol, BR-04039032 São Paulo, SP, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Biochem, BR-04039032 São Paulo, SP, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Physiol, BR-04039032 São Paulo, SP, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Biochem, BR-04039032 São Paulo, SP, BrazilWeb of Scienc

    A PEDAGOGIA HOSPITALAR COMO CAMPO DE FORMAÇÃO E ATUAÇÃO PROFISSIONAL

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    O artigo tem por intuito identificar a importância do atendimento pedagógico de crianças hospitalizadas e os impactos dessa atuação para a formação profissional de educadores pedagogos. Trata-se de uma revisão bibliográfica sobre a temática, relacionada às vivências no estágio curricular supervisionado obrigatório em educação não-escolar, realizado no Hospital Municipal de Governador Valadares ̸ MG, no segundo semestre do ano de 2015, por graduandas do Curso de Pedagogia da Universidade Vale do Rio Doce – UNIVALE. Conclui-se que é importante uma atuação pedagógica a fim de proporcionar a educação para crianças em períodos de internação nas pediatrias hospitalares enquanto direito assegurado por lei, bem como se faz necessário problematizar os avanços e desafios da formação profissional de pedagogos para a atuação na Pedagogia Hospitalar

    Homeschooling no Brasil: Um estudo sobre as contribuições do ensino domiciliar no desenvolvimento das competências individuais e na formação educacional / Homeschooling in Brazil: A Study on the contributions of homeschooling in individual skills development and educational training

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    Esta pesquisa descritiva teve como objetivo identificar as contribuições do ensino domiciliar no desenvolvimento das competências e no processo de formação educacional dos indivíduos que vivenciaram o homeschooling. A coleta de dados foi realizada por meio de questionários, entrevistas e análise documental. O corpus da pesquisa foi constituído de 12 adultos e uma mãe educadora que optou pelo ensino domiciliar. A análise de dados foi realizada através de relatório com a apresentação do perfil dos respondentes, assim como a experiência de cada um deles. Foi também utilizada a Escala de Likert para apresentar a percepção desses indivíduos em relação aos eixos propostos pela Base Nacional Comum Curricular e em relação aos saberes esperados do profissional propostos por Le Boterf. 

    Cost effectiveness of the cancer prevention program for carriers of the BRCA1/2 mutation

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    OBJECTIVE: To analyze the cost effectiveness of the diagnostic program for the germline mutation in BRCA1/2 genes and of preventative strategies for the relatives of patients diagnosed with ovarian cancer associated with this mutation. METHODS: The study analyzed the cost effectiveness by developing an analysis of the Markov decision process from the perspective of the National Health System. The strategies compared reflect upon the adoption of genetic testing and preventative strategies for relatives or the usual care currently proposed. The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio was expressed in terms of cost per case avoided. The sensitivity analysis was performed in a univariate and deterministic manner. RESULTS: The study showed increments for effectiveness and for costs when performing genetic testing and adopting prophylactic measures for family members. The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio was estimated at R908.58percaseofcanceravoided,afigureconsideredlowerthanthestudyscosteffectivenessthreshold(R908.58 per case of cancer avoided, a figure considered lower than the study's cost-effectiveness threshold (R7,543.50). CONCLUSIONS: The program analyzed should be considered a cost-effective strategy for the national situation. Studies in various other countries have reached similar conclusions. One possible ramification of this research might the need to perform a budgetary-impact analysis of making the program one of the country's health policies
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