Mise en scène des jeux d'appropriation des espaces publics par une population d'origine algérienne

International audienceIl s'agit ici de révéler au sein d'une population d'origine maghrébine implantée dans un quartier urbain les enjeux à l'œuvre dans les modes d'appropriation – possibles ou non - des espaces publics et collectifs ; mais aussi leur réinterprétation, confrontée aux formes contemporaines sans cesse mouvantes de la vie collective.Cette communication qui s'appuie une étude comparative entre un site Aubièrois (Auvergne) et un grand ensemble Toulousain montre comment l'espace n'est pas seulement donné à voir comme seul lieu géographique. Les espaces sont aussi pensés en relation avec les discours qu'on leur renvoie, aux populations qui les occupent, à un imaginaire, à des représentations et des jeux identitaires. Notre interrogation dans le cadre de cette présentation est alors plutôt axée sur les circulations qu'opère cette population d'origine algérienne dans les deux quartiers et interroge les rapports sociaux au sein d'un habitat social pour mieux saisir les enjeux entre hommes et femmes dans ce contexte migratoire

Investigating intralingual and interlingual errors of algerian middle school efl learners in their written compositions: a case study

The present paper investigates the intralingual and interlingual errors of Algerian Middle School EFL learners in their writing compositions. The purpose of the study is to identify the major errors and classify them according to their types and sources. Besides, it aims at suggesting some solutions to this problem. The sample of the study consists of 1/3 of fourth year learners of Youcef Ben Berkane Middle School of Akbou – Bejaia, Algeria. Accordingly, a corpus of 62 written compositions is collected and analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively. The findings revealed that all the participants significantly make errors in their written compositions. Besides, most of the learners make errors at the levels of spelling, tense, punctuation, subject-verb agreement, sentence fragment, articles, prepositions, and French interference. In view of that, it is also shown that the main source of the learners’ errors is intralingual followed by interlingual transfer. However, promoting extensive reading, integrating reliable writing activities in the classroom and practicing handwriting are some of pedagogical implications suggested to overcome the learners’ repeated errors.Key Words: EFL, Writing, Language Interference, Error Analysis, Bejaia, Algeria.

Worldview Mali dalam Kearifan Tempatan Penganan Iban di Sarawak: Satu Penelitian Warisan Tidak Ketara

Masyarakat Iban di Sarawak memiliki demensi atau pandangan yang tersendiri dalam menginterprestasi kepercayaan mereka terhadap dunia dan kehidupan. Kepercayaan atau worldview tersebut memiliki nilai yang signifikan dalam manifestasi kebudayaan ketara dan tidak ketara masyarakat Iban. Oleh itu, penyelidikan ini adalah bersifat etnografi yang memfokuskan kepada kepercayaan Mali dalam kearifan tempatan membuat Penganan iaitu sejenis kuih tradisional Iban. Pendekatan penyelidikan ini adalah menggunakan kaedah kualitatif iaitu dengan melakukan kerja lapangan, mendokumentasi dan menemu bual informan yang mempunyai kepakaran dalam budaya Iban. Kawasan penyelidikan iaitu di Lubok Antu, Betong, Sri Aman dan Limbang telah dipilih sebagai lokasi penyelidikan untuk mendapatkan kepelbagaian data dari setiap penempatan geografi masyarakat Iban. Tujuan penyelidikan ini adalah sebagai satu usaha untuk mengarkibkan dan mengkonservasi kepercayaan Mali sebagai sebuah warisan tidak ketara. Hasil dapatan mendapati bahawa, kepercayaan Mali masih menjadi sebuah warisan dalam bentuk kolektif memori dan diamalkan dalam kehidupan masyarakat Iban kini walaupun mereka telah menganuti agama baharu iaitu agama Islam dan Kristian. Melalui penyelidikan ini diharapkan mampu memberikan satu kefahaman yang komprenhensif mengenai adat resam dan kepercayaan masyarakat pribumi di Malaysia, khususnya masyarakat Iban di Sarawak. Worldview ‘Mali’ in the Local Wisdom of ‘Penganan’ Iban in Sarawak: an Intangible Heritage Study Abstract: The Iban in Sarawak possessed their own dimension or perspectives in interpreting belief in the world and life. For the Iban, the belief or worldview have significant value in manifesting tangible and intangible culture. Therefore, this is an ethnography studies focus the belief of Mali from the local expertise in making the traditional Iban food Penganan. This study applied the qualitative approach by conducting field work, documentation and interview with informant adept in the Iban culture. The studies sites were Lubok Antu, Betong, Sri Aman and Limbang for the purpose of collecting numerous data from each Iban’s settlement. This study is an effort to archive and conserve the belief of Mali as an intangible culture. The studies have discovered the belief of Mali is still regard as a heritage in the form of collective memory. This belief is still practice by the Iban although they have converted to the new religion of Islam and Christian. It is this studies aspiration to produce a comprehensive understanding concerning the custom and belief of the indigenous community in Malaysia especially the Iban in Sarawak. Keywords: Custom, Iban, Indigenous Belief, Traditional Culture, Worldview

The Effect of Trade and FDI on Inter-industry Wage Differentials: The Case of Mexico

Taking advantage of the liberalization process under NAFTA, this paper assesses the relative importance of the degree of trade openness and Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) in explaining inter-industry wage differentials for the case of Mexico. Using INEGI's National Survey of Urban Employment for the period 1994-2004, the empirical analysis is conducted on two stages. In the first stage, individual wages are regressed on worker characteristics, job and firm attributes, informality and a set of industry indicators. In the second stage, inter-industry wage differentials (derived from the coefficient estimates of the industry indicators) are regressed on trade and FDI variables. The main findings show that trade openness does not have a robust and statistically significant effect on inter-industry wage differentials, whereas for the case of FDI, a positive nonlinear relationship is found to exist.Wage Inequality, Trade Liberalization, Foreign Direct Investment, NAFTA.

Association Between the Multiparity and Spondylolisthesis in Women 30-70 Years Old, Kohistani Physiotherapy Clinic 1394-1400

Summary: Spondylolisthesis is a common problem among those who complain of back pain and is defined as lysthesis or incomplete subluxation of one vertebra over another with different grades which is caused by unilateral or bilateral fracture of pars inter articularis or degeneration of the vertebral column. Studies show that the prevalence of this problem relates to increase age. Age 50 and above is more prone to it. Also, the incidence of this problem increases about 22% among pregnant women. But here in Afghanistan still there is not enough researches done about this. In Afghanistan the multiparity, hard physical activities during pregnancy, home deliveries are somewhat accepted phenomenon, so the incidence of lysthesis may be possible below age 50 and lots of women with multiparity who suffer from back pain may have spondylolisthesis.  Study objectives and aims: The aim of this study is to find the relationship between multiparity and lumber degenerative spondylolisthesis among women aged30-70 yrs. Methodology: An analytic cross sectional study have been done on 101 female patients who referred to kohistani physiotherapy clinic for their back pain treatment years 2015-2021.the data collected from the patients record sheets and analyzed by epi info and excel programs in computer.   Results: From those 101 patients 6 of them have been excluded from the research because they did not meet the inclusion criteria and 95 cases have been selected. The result of z-test show (p=0.5) which means that there is no direct relation between multiparity and degenerative spondylolisthesis. The grade 1 spondylolisthesis has more idiopatic factor than grade 2 and 3. Finding shows 3.4 times. Conclusion: According to our findings we can say that there is not direct association between multiparity and degenerative spondylolisthesis but incidence of it among women down age 50 supports that multiparity has an important role that we have to consider about. So, the health education and public awareness programs have to be forced and improved specially for mothers about this particular issue and get practical steps in order to help them in decreasing their low back pains which is the most common problem among Afghan women

Supporting Multi-agent Coordination and Computational Collective Intelligence in Enterprise 2.0 Platform

In this paper, we propose a novel approach utilizing a professional Social network (Pro Social Network) and a new coordination protocol (CordiNet). Our motivation behind this article is to convince Small and Medium Enterprises managers that current organizations have chosen to use Enterprise 2.0 tools because these latter have demonstrated remarkable innovation as well as successful collaboration and collective intelligence. The particularity of our work is that is allows employer to share diagnosis and fault repair procedures on the basis of some modeling agents. In fact, each enterprise is represented by a container of agents to ensure a secured and confidential information exchange between intra employers, and a central main container to connect all enterprises’ containers for a social information exchange. Enterprise’s container consists of a Checker Enterprise Agent (ChEA), a Coordinator Enterprise Agent (CoEA) and a Search Enterprise Agent (SeEA). Whereas the central main container comprises its proper agents such as Selection Agent (SA), and a Supervisor Agent (SuA). JADE platform is used to allow agents to communicate and collaborate. The FIPA-ACL performatives have been extended for this purpose. We conduct some experiments to demonstrate the feasibility of our approach

An Effective Tool for the Experts' Recommendation Based on PROMETHEE II and Negotiation: Application to the Industrial Maintenance

In this article, we propose an expert recommendation tool that relies on the skills of experts and their interventions in collaboration. This tool provides us with a list of the most appropriate (effective) experts to solve business problems in the field of industrial maintenance. The proposed system recommends experts using an unsupervised classification algorithm that takes into account the competences of the experts, their preferences and the stored information in previous collaborative sessions. We have tested the performance of the system with K-means and C-means algorithms. To fix the inconsistencies detected in business rules, the PROMETHEE II multi-criteria decision support method is integrated into the extended CNP negotiation protocol in order to classify the experts from best to worst. The study is supported by the well known petroleum company in Algeria namely SONATRACH where the experimentations are operated on maintenance domain. Experiments results show the effectiveness of our approach, obtaining a recall of 86%, precision of 92% and F-measure of 89%. Also, the proposed approach offers very high results and improvement, in terms of response time (154.28 ms), space memory (9843912 bytes) and negotiation rounds

Integrating Agents into a Collaborative Knowledge-based System for Business Rules Consistency Management

Capitalization and reuse of expert knowledge are very important for the survival of an enterprise. This paper presents a collaborative approach that utilizes domain ontology and agents. Thanks to our knowledge formalizing process, we give to domain expert an opportunity to store different forms of retrieved knowledge from experiences, design rules, business rules, decision processes, etc. The ontology is built to support business rules management. The global architecture is mainly composed of agents such as Expert agent, Evaluator agent, Translator agent, Security agent and Supervisor agent. The Evaluator agent is at the heart of our functional architecture, its role is to detect the problems that may arise in the consistency management module and provides a solution to these problems in order to validate the accuracy of business rules. In addition, a Security agent is defined to handle both security aspects in rules modeling and multi-agent system. The proposed approach is different from the others in terms of the number of rule’s inconsistencies which are detected and treated like contradiction, redundancy, invalid rules, domain violation and rules never applicable, the collaboration that is initiated among business experts and the guarantee of security of the business rules and all the agents which constitute our system. The developed collaborative system is applied in an industrial case study.