Förändringsarbete i skolans värld - en fallstudie av Spjutspetsskolan i Trelleborg

Titel: Förändringsarbete i skolans värld - en fallstudie av Spjutspetsskolan i Trelleborg Seminariedatum: 2007-06-04 Ämne/kurs: FEK582 Kandidatuppsats 10 poäng (15 ECTS) Författare: Carina Nertlinge & Johan Nordgren Handledare: Per-Hugo Skärvad Nyckelord: Organisationsförändring, skola, konflikt, kultur, projekt Syfte: Syftet är att undersöka om förändringsprocessen bidragit till den kritik som Spjutspetsskolan har mött. Metod: Studien grundar sig på en kvalitativ ansats och har som empiri ett flertal intervjuer med inblandade i förändringen. Empirisk grund: Trelleborgs kommunala skola Teoretiska perspektiv: Organisationsförändring, kultur, konflikter Slutsatser: Det är vår slutsats att förändringsarbetet har varit bristande i vissa aspekter, vilka sedermera har skapat och bidragit till den kritik som uppkommit. Title: School change – a case study of Spjutspetsskolan Authors: Carina Nertlinge & Johan Nordgren Advisors: Per-Hugo Skärvad Date: 2007-06-04 Course: FEK582, Bachelors thesis in Business Administration, 10 Swedish credits, (15 ECTS) Key words: Organisational change, school, conflict, culture, project Purpose: The purpose of this study is to examine if the the organisational change itself has contributed to the criticism against the project Spjutspetsskolan. Methodology: The study is based on a qualitative approach, and has as its empirical foundation several interviews with individuals involved in the project. Empirical foundation: Trelleborg municipal school Theoretical perspectives: Organisational change, culture, conflicts Conclusions: It is our conclusion that the project has been lacking in certain respects, which has both created and contributed to the criticism against it

Low Prevalence of Rotavirus and High Prevalence of Norovirus in Hospital and Community Wastewater after Introduction of Rotavirus Vaccine in Nicaragua

Rotavirus (RV) and norovirus (NoV) are major causes of pediatric diarrhea and are altogether associated with approximately 800,000 deaths in young children every year. In Nicaragua, national RV vaccination program using the pentavalent RV5 vaccine from Merck was implemented in October 2006. To determine whether RV vaccination decreased the overall number of RV infections, we investigated the occurrence of RV and NoV in wastewater in the city of León from July 2007 to July 2008 and compared these data with pre-vaccination data. The major finding was the low prevalence of RV compared to NoV in all sampling points (11% vs 44%, p<0.05), and that RV concentration was lower as compared to NoV. RV was observed mainly during the rainy season (July–September), and the majority of all RV detected (6/9) belonged to subgroup (SG) I. The partial VP7-gene obtained from one RV positive sample was similar (99% nt identity) to a G6 VP7-gene of bovine origin and similar to the corresponding gene of the vaccine strain (98%). Furthermore RV G-types 2 and 4 were found in the incoming wastewater. NoV strains were detected throughout the year, of which a majority (20/21) were of genotype GII.4. We conclude that the introduction of RV vaccination reduced the transmission of RV in the community in Nicaragua. However, the burden of diarrhea in the country remains high, and the high prevalence of NoVs in hospital and municipal wastewater is noteworthy. This study highlights the need for further assessment of NoV following RV vaccine introduction

Rotavirus Vaccine in Nicaragua

Abstract Rotavirus (RV) and norovirus (NoV) are major causes of pediatric diarrhea and are altogether associated with approximately 800,000 deaths in young children every year. In Nicaragua, national RV vaccination program using the pentavalent RV5 vaccine from Merck was implemented in October 2006. To determine whether RV vaccination decreased the overall number of RV infections, we investigated the occurrence of RV and NoV in wastewater in the city o

Tumor Genome Wide DNA Alterations Assessed by Array CGH in Patients with Poor and Excellent Survival Following Operation for Colorectal Cancer

Genome wide DNA alterations were evaluated by array CGH in addition to RNA expression profiling in colorectal cancer from patients with excellent and poor survival following primary operations

No transfer of arousal from other’s eyes in Williams syndrome

Typically developing humans automatically synchronize their arousal levels, resulting in pupillary contagion, or spontaneous adaptation of pupil size to that of others. This phenomenon emerges in infancy and is believed to facilitate social interaction. Williams syndrome (WS) is a genetic condition characterized by a hyper-social personality and social interaction challenges. Pupillary contagion was examined in individuals with WS (n = 44), age-parallel-matched typically developing children and adults (n = 65), and infants (n = 79). Bayesian statistics were used. As a group, people with WS did not show pupillary contagion (Bayes factors supporting the null: 25–50) whereas control groups did. This suggests a very early emerging atypical developmental trajectory. In WS, higher pupillary contagion was associated with lower autistic symptoms of social communication. Diminished synchronization of arousal may explain why individuals with WS have social challenges, whereas synchronization of arousal is not a necessary correlate of high social motivation

Norovirus Gastroenteritis Outbreak with a Secretor-independent Susceptibility Pattern, Sweden

Nonsecretors were highly susceptible to norovirus GI.3 in a foodborne outbreak

DNA methylation-based subtype prediction for pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

To access publisher's full text version of this article, please click on the hyperlink in Additional Links field or click on the hyperlink at the top of the page marked Files. This article is open access.We present a method that utilizes DNA methylation profiling for prediction of the cytogenetic subtypes of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) cells from pediatric ALL patients. The primary aim of our study was to improve risk stratification of ALL patients into treatment groups using DNA methylation as a complement to current diagnostic methods. A secondary aim was to gain insight into the functional role of DNA methylation in ALL.We used the methylation status of ~450,000 CpG sites in 546 well-characterized patients with T-ALL or seven recurrent B-cell precursor ALL subtypes to design and validate sensitive and accurate DNA methylation classifiers. After repeated cross-validation, a final classifier was derived that consisted of only 246 CpG sites. The mean sensitivity and specificity of the classifier across the known subtypes was 0.90 and 0.99, respectively. We then used DNA methylation classification to screen for subtype membership of 210 patients with undefined karyotype (normal or no result) or non-recurrent cytogenetic aberrations ('other' subtype). Nearly half (n = 106) of the patients lacking cytogenetic subgrouping displayed highly similar methylation profiles as the patients in the known recurrent groups. We verified the subtype of 20% of the newly classified patients by examination of diagnostic karyotypes, array-based copy number analysis, and detection of fusion genes by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq). Using RNA-seq data from ALL patients where cytogenetic subtype and DNA methylation classification did not agree, we discovered several novel fusion genes involving ETV6, RUNX1, and PAX5.Our findings indicate that DNA methylation profiling contributes to the clarification of the heterogeneity in cytogenetically undefined ALL patient groups and could be implemented as a complementary method for diagnosis of ALL. The results of our study provide clues to the origin and development of leukemic transformation. The methylation status of the CpG sites constituting the classifiers also highlight relevant biological characteristics in otherwise unclassified ALL patients.Swedish Foundation for Strategic Research RBc08-008 Swedish Cancer Society CAN2010/592 Swedish Childhood Cancer Foundation 11098 Swedish Research Council for Science and Technology 90559401 Swedish Research Council FORTE Swedish Research Council FORMAS Swedish Research Council VINNOVA Swedish Research Council VR 259-2012-2

DNA methylation-based subtype prediction for pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia

Peer reviewe

Both Lewis and Secretor Status Mediate Susceptibility to Rotavirus Infections in a Rotavirus Genotype–Dependent Manner

Background. The live oral rotavirus (RV) vaccines have shown a reduced efficacy in Africa. Recent in vitro studies have shown binding of the RV surface protein (VP4) to histo–blood group antigens (HBGAs) in an RV genotype–dependent manner, suggesting them to be putative receptors for RV. The diversity of HBGA phenotypes in different ethnic populations, combined with prevalence/absence of specific RV genotypes, led us to hypothesize whether the genetic variations in HBGAs in a population limit susceptibility to certain RV genotypes, plausibly leading to reduced vaccine efficacy

Etiology of Childhood Diarrhea After Rotavirus Vaccine Introduction: A Prospective, Population-based Study in Nicaragua

Nicaragua was the first developing nation to implement routine immunization with the pentavalent rotavirus vaccine (RV5). In this RV5-immunized population, understanding infectious etiologies of childhood diarrhea is necessary to direct diarrhea treatment and prevention efforts