A contabilidade pública em São Tomé e Príncipe: situação atual e perspetivas futuras

Con este artigo es pretendido contribuir para el conocimiento sobre la situación de la aplicación del Sistema de Administración Financiera del Estado – SAFE en São Tomé y Príncipe. En concreto, fue pretendido hacer una análisis a lo sistema contable aplicable a las entidades públicas, a través de la identificación de posibles deficiencias y/o debilidades del sistema, apuntando sugerencias de mejora del sistema. Para tal, se han procedido a realización de una investigación a través de una análisis cualitativa y entrevistas semi-estructuradas, dirigidas al personal de gestión y consultores que apoyan la aplicación del SAFE. Los resultados mostraron que la aplicación del SAFE ha llevado a una mejor gestión de las finanzas públicas en São Tomé y Príncipe, donde los aspectos innovadores respectan sobre todo a la reforma de la Contabilidad Pública. Sin embargo, el actual sistema de contabilidad parece denotar ciertas limitaciones, debido a la falta de regulación de algunos aspectos del SAFE, como, por ejemplo, la falta de definición/aclaración de ciertos términos que ha permitido diferentes interpretaciones

Projeto para implementação de uma loja de persianas em Curitiba

Orientador: Ana Paula M.S. CherobimMonografia (Especialização) - Universidade Federal do Paraná, Setor de Ciências Sociais Aplicadas, Curso de Especialização em Marketing EmpresarialResumo: Estudo de viabilidade para implementação de uma loja de persianas na cidade de Curitiba, estado do Paraná, para período de 2004 a 2005, com o enfoque analítico de todos os fatores determinantes para o sucesso do empreendimento como análise do mercado e fornecedores, previsão de receitas, apuração de despesas fixas e variáveis, custos pré- operacionais, escolha de local, reforma, decoração, forma de exposição dos produtos a serem comercializados, contratação de pessoal, identificação visual do estabelecimento, estratégias de marketing a serem aplicadas. Apoia-se em dados pesquisados no mercado e a dados fornecidos pelo principal fabricante do segment

Microbial community composition and function in wastewater treatment plants

Biological wastewater treatment has been applied for more than a century to ameliorate anthropogenic damage to the environment. But only during the last decade the use of molecular tools allowed to accurately determine the composition, and dynamics of activated sludge and biofilm microbial communities. Novel, in many cases yet not cultured bacteria were identified to be responsible for filamentous bulking and foaming as well as phosphorus and nitrogen removal in these systems. Now, methods are developed to infer the in situ physiology of these bacteria. Here we provide an overview of what is currently known about the identity and physiology of some of themicrobial key players in activated sludge and biofilm systems.Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft - project WA1558/1

Mapeamento da COVID-19 no estado da Paraíba: Elementos para a espacialização e análise em ambiente SIG

Brazil was the first countries in Latin America with cases of Covid-19, academically, beginning of January 2020 we observed in the Capes Journal Portal the growth of productions on this theme. However, we understand the absence of analyzes on the State of Paraíba, which made us curious to understand how this phenomenon has been manifesting and how the use of a Geographic Information System could contribute to this reflection. The present article analysis on the process of dissemination and distribution of cases and deaths of Covid-19 in the State of Paraíba through a Geographic Information System. To achieve this goal, we carried out the search for epidemiological bulletins at the State Health Secretariat from March 31 to May 16, of 2020. These data were systematized based on the cases and deaths existing in the State using the QGIS software, in which we generated a total of nine thematic maps. Our results indicate at least three trends of the pandemic in the State: a) spatial distribution of Covid-19 in Paraíba follows the BR-230; b) existence of three main centers of dissemination: the metropolitan region of João Pessoa; Campina Grande and the cities of Sousa and Patos; c) high level of contamination in health professionals. These results present us with another demand, the need to understand how on an intra-urban scale the pandemic has been manifesting itself, especially in the three main poles of dissemination of the State.  Brasil fue uno de los primeros países de América Latina con casos de Covid-19, académicamente, desde principios de enero de 2020 observamos en el Portal de Capes Journal el crecimiento de las producciones sobre este tema. Sin embargo, la ausencia de análisis sobre el Estado de Paraíba nos hizo sentir curiosidad por comprender cómo se ha manifestado este fenómeno y cómo el uso de un Sistema de Información Geográfica podría contribuir a esta reflexión. En este sentido, el artículo presenta un análisis del proceso de difusión y distribución de casos y muertes de Covid-19 en el Estado de Paraíba a través de un Sistema de Información Geográfica. Para ello, realizamos la búsqueda de boletines epidemiológicos en el Departamento de Salud del Estado del 31 de marzo al 16 de mayo de 2020. Estos datos se sistematizaron en función de los casos y muertes existentes en el Estado a través del software QGIS, en el que generamos Un total de nueve mapas temáticos. Los resultados indican al menos tres tendencias pandémicas en el Estado: a) la distribución espacial de Covid-19 en Paraíba sigue el flujo en BR-230; b) existencia de tres centros principales de difusión: la región metropolitana de João Pessoa; Campina Grande y las ciudades de Sousa y Patos; c) alto nivel de contaminación entre profesionales de la salud. Estos resultados nos presentan otra demanda, la necesidad de comprender cómo, a escala intraurbana, se ha manifestado la pandemia, especialmente en los tres polos principales de difusión del Estado.O Brasil foi um dos primeiros países da América Latina com casos de Covid-19, academicamente, desde o início de janeiro de 2020 observamos no Portal de Periódicos da Capes o crescimento de produções sobre esse tema. Contudo, percebemos a ausência de análises sobre o Estado da Paraíba, o que nos proporcionou a curiosidade de compreendermos como esse fenômeno vem de manifestando e de que forma o uso de um Sistema de Informações Geográficas poderia contribuir para essa reflexão.  Nesse sentido, o presente artigo apresenta por objetivo realizar uma análise sobre o processo de disseminação e distribuição dos casos e óbitos de Covid-19 no Estado da Paraíba através de um Sistema de Informações Geográficas. Para o alcance desse objetivo realizamos a busca de boletins epidemiológicos na Secretaria Estadual de Saúde dentre o período de 31 de março até 16 de Maio de 2020. Esses dados foram sistematizados a partir dos casos e óbitos existentes no Estado através do software QGIS, no qual geramos um total de nove mapas temáticos. Nossos resultados indicam pelo menos três tendências da pandemia no Estado: a) distribuição espacial da Covid-19 na Paraíba segue o fluxo na BR-230; b) existência de três principais núcleos de disseminação: região metropolitana de João Pessoa; Campina Grande e as cidades de Sousa e Patos; c) padrão elevado de contaminação entre profissionais da saúde. Tais resultados nos apresenta outra demanda, a necessidade de entendermos como numa escala intra-urbana a pandemia vem se manifestando, especialmente nos três principal polos de disseminação do Estado.&nbsp

Causalidade entre os retornos de mercados de capitais emergentes e desenvolvidos

Utilizando-se de instrumentais estatísticos para a análise de séries temporais, procurou-se verificar as relações entre os retornos dos principais mercados de capitais emergentes e dos principais mercados desenvolvidos. A amostra foi divida em dois períodos: entre 1995-2002 e entre 2003-2005, tendo em vista os momentos distintos dos mercados quanto à vulnerabilidade externa. No primeiro momento, apesar das diversas crises econômicas, verificou-se que apenas o retorno do mercado emergente da Rússia sofreu grandes impactos ante os choques dos retornos dos outros mercados. Entre 2003-2005, no entanto, os retornos de outros mercados emergentes, como o do Brasil e o do México, responderam de forma significativa aos choques nos retornos dos demais mercados analisados.Using statistical instruments for the analysis of time series, - this work aims to verify the relation of returns of stock investments between the main emerging and the developed capital markets. The sample was divided in two periods: 1995-2002 and 2003-2005, in view of their different external vulnerability moments. At the beginning, - in spite of - several economic crises, only Russias stock market returns - suffered great impacts, compared with those at other markets. Between 2003-2005, however, the returns of other emerging markets, as Brazils and Mexicos, answered in a more significant form to the shocks in the returns of other markets

Perspectivas da eliminação da hanseníase no estado de São Paulo e no Brasil

In this work, we analyze the advances reached by the Program of Leprosy Control in Brazil and in the State of the São Paulo, in view of the goal set up by WHO and supported by Brazilian authorities of eliminating leprosy as a public health problem by the year 2000. In spite of the clear reduction of leprosy prevalence in Brazil by the adoption of polychemotherapy and of advances in the diagnosis of the disease, high levels of defection from treatment and, possibly, of relapses, may hint the goal of national elimination of leprosy in the near future.Partindo da meta estabelecida pela Organização Mundial de Saúde e referendada pelo Brasil, em 1991, da eliminação da lepra como problema de saúde pública mundial pelo ano 2000, são analisados, neste artigo, os progressos alcançados pelo programa de controle da hanseníase no país e, particularmente, no Estado de São Paulo. Apesar da nítida redução da prevalência da doença pela adoção de poliquimioterapia e dos progressos no seu diagnóstico, os altos níveis de abandono de tratamento e, possivelmente, de ocorrência de recidivas, podem comprometer o objetivo de eliminação nacional da hanseníase a curto prazo

Self-reported halitosis and associated demographic and behavioral factors

Halitosis is still poorly studied in young adults. The aim of this study was to evaluate the occurrence of self-reported halitosis and associate it with demographic and behavioral factors in young adult dental students. This cross-sectional study was designed as a census of students enrolled in three initial and three final semesters of a dental course in a Brazilian public university. Of 284 eligible students, 257 (90.5%) completed a self-administered questionnaire. Self-reported halitosis was the primary study outcome, and was assessed with the question “do you feel you have bad breath?”. Data on age, gender, frequency of tooth brushing and interproximal cleaning, tongue cleaning, mouth rinse use and dry mouth were collected using the questionnaire, and were considered independent variables. Of the students surveyed, 26.5% reported as never, 51.7% as rarely, 21.4% as sometimes, and 0.4% as always feeling they had halitosis. Morning halitosis was reported by 90.6% of those who reported halitosis. In the final multiple model, last semester students had a 55% lower chance of reporting halitosis, compared with students from the first semesters [odds ratio (OR) 0.46; 95%CI 0.24–0.89]. Women had a 2.57fold higher chance of reporting halitosis (OR = 2.57; 95%CI 1.12–5.93). Dry mouth increased the chance of self-reported halitosis 3.95-fold, compared with absence of dry mouth (OR = 3.95; 95%CI 2.03–7.68). It can be concluded that self-reports of halitosis were low among dental students, but may represent an important complaint. Gender, dry mouth and level of college education of the dentist were factors significantly associated with self-reported halitosis

Phloroglucinol is Effective for in vitro Growth and Multiplication of Musa accuminata Cv. Grand Naine Shoots and Roots

Despite being a major staple food in the world, banana production in the United States is still limited, with about 500 acres under cultivation. Micropropagation has been an effective method for the large-scale production of bananas to meet both domestic and international markets. However, the efficiency of micropropagation protocols depends on several factors, particularly on the types, combinations, and levels of plant growth regulators used in the culture media. Phloroglucinol is a growth regulator that acts synergistically with auxins and cytokinins. The use of phloroglucinol for the production and development of in vitro plantlets of Musa spp. cv. Grande Naine were investigated. Multiplication and elongation of shoots and roots in vitro was enhanced by the addition of 200 μM phloroglucinol to MS medium, as compared to the control with 13.2 μM BA. Higher concentrations (400 to 1000 μM phloroglucinol) resulted in reduced growth and development of shoots and roots in vitro

Avian biodiversity assessment studies in a Neotropical wetland – the combination of sampling methods makes the difference

In studies of avian diversity, many different methods have been applied. Since methodological approaches may affect research results, the choice of a given methodology must be consistent with the scientific objectives. The aim of this study was to investigate how different methodologies with their intrinsic limitations help detect and monitor birds to evaluate how they complement each other in the survey of species. Three different assessment methods, mist nets, point counts, and autonomous acoustic recordings were used to serve this purpose in a study of different Pantanal habitats, such as savannas and forests. The point counts detected more species (126 species) than the two other methods autonomous acoustic recordings (113 species) and mist nets (79 species). We observed significant differences in the number of species detected by mist nets and the other two methods. Each survey method identified exclusive species. When comparing habitats, all three methods showed significant differences in bird species composition. Savannas were richer in bird species than forests, and replacement was the main driver responsible for the differences in beta diversity between the habitats. The three methodologies, when applied together, proved to be complementary in avian species detection