Scheduling of nonconforming devices: the case of a company in the automotive sector

This article presents a project developed in a company’s quality department aiming at scheduling the nonconforming devices analysis’ process. The company faced a problem of low compliance with pre-established time requests, resulting in large fines paid to its customers of the automotive sector. In order to overcome this problem, scheduling tools were developed and tested, with the goal of minimizing the number of tardy tasks in identical parallel machines. The simulation of different scheduling rules allowed confirmation that the current prioritization rule is not the most effective one. Preliminary simulations were carried out using Lekin software [18], showing that other criteria promote better results. The use of a newly developed algorithm, combining two different criteria, resulted in a reduction of tardy tasks, thus decreasing tardiness fines paid to customers. Despite the preliminary status of present results, it is possible to foresee some improvements in the analysis process performance, by using decision making support tools based on scheduling algorithms. This way, a significant improvement on the number of analysis which fulfills the defined pre-requirements will be achieved.This work has been supported by COMPETE: POCI-01-0145-FEDER-007043 and FCT – Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia within the Project Scope: UID/CEC/00319/2013.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

DIREITOS HUMANOS EM DISPUTA: POLÍTICA PÚBLICA EM TEMPOS DE PANDEMIA DA COVID-19

Palavras-chave: pandemia, covid-19, política pública, direitos humanos.Key-words: pandemic, covid-19, public policy, human right

Importância relativa dos caracteres para diversidade da cultura do tomateiro

Seed collections are an alternative for conserving plant genetic resources. The characterization of plant species contained in the collections has been carried out with the help of tables of botanical, morphological, and agronomic descriptors, which are mainly used without parameters referring to their effective contribution to variability, causing an increase in time and labor in the characterization of plants. This study aimed to evaluate the relative importance of the morphoagronomic traits in 85 low-growing tomato accessions from the collection of the Federal University of Goiás and estimate the descriptors that most help in the dissimilarity of the accessions and thus remove the redundant descriptors. The experimental design consisted of three complete randomized blocks, 85 plots (each plot corresponding to a different accession), and 12 plants per plot. The evaluations used adapted morphological descriptors described in the MAPA guidelines for distinguishability, homogeneity, and stability trials. 56.4% of the selected morphoagronomic descriptors are essential in the characterization study since they significantly contribute to the discrimination of genetic divergence between low-growing tomato accessions. Discarding 43.6% of the descriptors does not cause loss of information, reduces costs, and streamlines the management of the classification of the collection.As coleções de sementes são uma alternativa para a conservação dos recursos genéticos vegetais. A caracterização das espécies vegetais contidas nas coleções vem sendo executada com ajuda de tabelas de descritores botânicos, morfológicos e agronômicos, que em sua maioria são utilizados sem parâmetros referentes a sua contribuição efetiva para a variabilidade, ocasionando aumento de tempo e mão-de-obra no momento da caracterização das plantas. O objetivo deste trabalho foi de avaliar a importância relativa dos caracteres morfoagronômicos em 85 acessos de tomate rasteiro da coleção da Universidade Federal de Goiás-UFG, bem como, estimar os descritores que mais auxiliam na dissimilaridade dos acessos e desta maneira retirar os descritores redundantes. O delineamento experimental foi constituído por 3 blocos completos casualizados, 85 parcelas (sendo cada parcela correspondendo a um acesso diferente) e 12 plantas por parcela. As avaliações utilizaram descritores morfológicos adaptados descritos nas orientações para execução dos ensaios de distinguibilidade, homogeneidade e estabilidade do MAPA. Dos descritores morfoagronômicos selecionados, 56,4% são essenciais no estudo de caracterização por apresentarem contribuições importantes na discriminação da divergência genética entre acessos do tomateiro rasteiro. O descarte de 43,6% dos descritores não ocasiona perda de informação, diminui os custos e dinamiza o manejo da classificação da coleção

Individual Behavioral differences and health of golden-headed lion tamarins, Leontopithecus chrysomelas

Individual behavioral differences may influence how animals cope with altered environments. Depending on their behavioral traits, individuals may thus vary in how their health is affected by environmental conditions. We investigated the relationship between individual behavior of free-living golden-headed lion tamarins (Leontopithecus chrysomelas) responding to a novel object (to assess exploration-avoidance), and their habitat use and health status (endoparasitism; clinical measures: biometric data, heart rate, respiratory frequency, and temperature; fecal glucocorticoid metabolites). As parasite transmission can be affected by individual variation in social contact and social grooming, we also evaluated whether more sociable individuals show higher endoparasite loads compared with less sociable animals. Four groups living in landscapes with different levels of human disturbance were investigated: two in degraded forest fragments in an agricultural matrix (DFAM-higher disturbance), and two in a cocoa agroforestry system (cabruca-lower disturbance) in the Atlantic forest of South Bahia, Brazil. Using a subjective ratings approach, highly correlated adjective descriptors were combined to produce z-score ratings of one derived variable ("confidence"), which was selected to characterize the tamarins' exploration/avoidance responses during a novel object test. The higher the confidence score, the longer female tamarins spent foraging for prey independent of landscape, and the greater their body mass independent of sex and landscape. Only DFAM individuals showed intestinal parasite infection. Endoparasite loads were positively correlated with the number of grooming partners, suggesting an association between social grooming and transmission (more groomers = more endoparasites). Individual behavior, including in a test situation, may thus have some predictive value for behavior in a free-living context, and for its health consequences

Metastatic Peripheral Neuroblastoma in a Dog

Background: Peripheral neuroblast neoplasms are considered as a group of tumors derived from primitive cells of the neural crest that are progenitors of the sympathetic ganglia and adrenal medulla. Reports of neuroblastoma in dogs are scarce in English literature, and there are no reports from Brazil due to its rare occurrence or missed diagnosis, because modern techniques are often not accessible in Brazil. The aim of the present study was reported a case of metastatic peripheral neuroblastoma in a 10-month-old bitch of Canadian Shepherd breed, attended at the Small Animal Veterinary Hospital of the Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro (HVPA-UFRRJ).Case: A 10-month-old female dog, Canadian Shepherd breed, presenting prostration, inappetence, emesis, progressive weight loss, and difficulties in the locomotion of the pelvic limbs was brought to the Small Animal Veterinary Hospital of the Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro (HVPA / UFRRJ) for treatment. Palpation of the abdominal cavity revealed a mass of approximately 14.0 cm diameter in the thoracolumbar region. After the second visit to HVPA/ UFRRJ, there was worsening of the clinical condition and onset of pain and dyspnea; hence, euthanasia was performed. The dog was referred for necropsy; the examination revealed a mass measuring 40.0 × 35.0 cm in the abdominal cavity that caused displacement of the intestines and compressed the liver against the diaphragm, as well as another mass that traversed the diaphragm through the esophageal hiatus and surrounded the esophagus, aorta, and caudal vena cava. The right adrenal gland was compressed and adhered to the mass, and the left adrenal gland was not visualized. Specimens of various organs were collected, fixed in 10% buffered formalin, and processed according to routine histological technique. Immunohistochemical examination performed on mass specimens revealed positivity for the anti-CD56, anti-synaptophysin, anti-GFAP, and anti-NSE markers and negativity for the anti-chromogranin and anti-Olig2 markers. Based on pathology and immunohistochemistry findings, a diagnosis of poorly differentiated peripheral neuroblastoma was made; in addition, presence of emboli of neoplastic cells in the hepatic sinusoids and branches of the portal vein and metastasis in the spleen, lymph nodes, lung, and meninges were confirmed.Discussion: Positive results for neural markers associated with negative results for those of other small round cell tumors was considered to indicate the presence of neuroblast tumors; glioblastoma and oligodendroglioma were ruled out based on the absence of anti-Olig2 labeling, and, especially, the possibility of occurrence of pheochromocytoma was excluded based on the absence of anti-chromogranin. During necropsy, the location of the mass at the retroperitoneal space near the thoracolumbar junction, craniomedially in relation to the left kidney, was confirmed, which is compatible with the location of the adrenal gland. Metastasis in the dura mater was determined to be present based on necropsy findings alone, and neoplastic invasion through the esophageal hiatus of the diaphragm of a large part of the thoracic cavity was observed, which, to the best of our knowledge, have not been described in reports of veterinary medicine. The high rate of tumor growth and compression and invasion of adjacent tissues and organs may be considered as potential factors for unfavorable prognosis of peripheral neuroblastoma

PERCEPÇÃO DAS GESTANTES EM ACOMPANHAMENTO PRÉ-NATAL SOBRE SEXO DURANTE A GRAVIDEZ

Objetiva-se identificar a percepção de mulheres em acompanhamento pré-natal em uma Estratégia Saúde da Família norte mineira quanto aos mitos e medos existentes sobre sexo durante a gravidez. Trata-se de uma pesquisa exploratória, descritiva, transversal e de caráter qualitativo. A amostra deste estudo foi composta por dez gestantes da área de abrangência. Utilizou-se uma entrevista semi-estruturada na qual as respostas foram gravadas e transcritas. Das dez mulheres entrevistadas, 80% eram casadas, 60% possuíam ensino médio, 20% já sofreram complicações na gestação, 10% relataram acreditar que o feto possa sofrer algum dano decorrente do sexo durante a gravidez. A maioria das mulheres demonstrou enfrentar naturalmente o sexo durante a gravidez, sendo que uma pequena parte relatou mudanças negativas em relação ao sexo. Constatou-se que a libido das mulheres também sofre alterações que variam de acordo com o período gestacional

OBSERVATIONS ON PARENTAL CARE OF THE MASKED WATER-TYRANT (FLUVICOLA NENGETA) IN RIO DE JANEIRO, BRAZIL

Abstract ∙ The Masked Water-Tyrant (Fluvicola nengeta) belongs to the family Tyrannidae and inhabits locations close to bodies of water and urban environments. This work aims at describing basic aspects of the breeding biology, specifically the timing of the breeding season and parental care behavior through observations of nestling feeding frequency, identification of food items and nest defense. The study was conducted at Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, between October 2012 and June 2014. Fluvicola nengeta did not show a defined breeding season, reproducing throughout the year. During 33 hours of observations at 14 nests were recorded 518 feeding records, with an average of 16.7 (SD = 1.85) food items brought to the nest per hour. This feeding rate was high, compared to that of other Tyrannidae, and may be connected to the low levels of nest predation in the study area. The feeding rate increased throughout the day peaking in the middle of the day, declining by the end of afternoon. Both parents participated in feeding and defending the offspring. Food items brought to the nest included: Odonata (N = 3), Lepidoptera (N = 3), Coleoptera (N = 1), Hymenoptera – Formicidae (N = 1), and Arachnida (N = 1). The parents defended its nests against 22 species of birds and this behavior was classified in two categories: display (52%) where the intruder was simply warned using visual warning behaviors and persecution (48%), which resulted in chases. Displays were generally carried out by both pair members while persecutions usually involved only one individual, the other remaining close to the nest. Resumo ∙ Observações do cuidado parental da Lavadeira-mascarada (Fluvicola nengeta) no Rio de Janeiro, Brasil A Lavadeira-mascarada (Fluvicola nengeta) é pertencente à família Tyrannidae e habita locais próximos a corpos d’água e áreas urbanas. Este trabalho tem como objetivo descrever aspectos básicos da biologia reprodutiva, especificamente a duração da estação reprodutiva e cuidado parental através da observação da frequência de alimentação dos ninhegos, identificação dos itens alimentares e defesa do ninho. O estudo foi conduzido na Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil, entre outubro de 2012 a junho de 2014. Fluvicola nengeta não demonstrou uma estação reprodutiva marcada, reproduzindo ao longo do ano. Em 33 horas de observações em 14 ninhos foram obtidos 518 registros de alimentação, com uma média de 16,7 (DP = 1,85) itens alimentares levados ao ninho por hora. Esta frequência de alimentação foi maior quando comparada a outros tiranídeos e pode estar relacionada ao baixo nível de predação na área de estudo. O fornecimento de alimentos aumentou ao longo do dia, com pico no meio do dia e declínio no final da tarde. O casal participou da alimentação e defesa da prole. Os itens alimentares oferecidos aos ninhegos incluíram: Odonata (N = 3), Lepidoptera (N = 3), Coleoptera (N = 1), Hymenoptera - Formicidae (N = 1) e Arachnida (N = 1). Os adultos defenderam o ninho de 22 espécies de aves e este comportamento foi classificado em duas categorias: display (52%) na qual o invasor foi simplesmente avisado através de comportamentos visuais de ameaça e perseguição (48%), que resultou no afugentamento do invasor. Displays foram comumente realizados por ambos os membros do casal enquanto as perseguições geralmente envolveram apenas um indivíduo, o outro permanecia próximo ao ninho

BIOMASS AND NUTRIENTS REMOVAL IN PURE AND MIXED POPULATIONS OF Pinus sp. IN SOUTHWEST BAHIA - BRAZIL

The magnitude of export of nutrients with forest harvest depends on the adopted waste management and, above all, on the distribution of biomass and nutrients in the trees, which is conditioned by the genetic potential and the species composition of forest stand.  The objective of this study was to quantify the biomass and nutrients of the trees and evaluate the effect of the management of harvest residues on the removal of nutrients from pure and mixed plantations of Pinus sp.. The study areas are located in the Southwest region of Bahia State, Brazil. Twenty trees per species were selected and felled under both planting conditions. The biomass quantification was performed by the destructive method. Samples of the tree components were analyzed for N, P, K, Ca and Mg contents. The total biomass was 75 Mg ha-1 for pure planting, and 81 Mg ha-1 for mixed planting, with wood and bark as the most representative compartments. Removal of the wood with bark led to too much nutrient removal, reaching a further 50% of the total contained in the biomass. Mixed planting has been shown more prone to export P, K and Mg. For both plantations, 64% of the N, P, K, Ca and Mg are in other components of the aerial part of the tree, and not in the wood. The elements that represent the highest risk for maintaining productivity are Ca and Mg

Verdade Processual e Crise das Provas Judiciais: Análise do Processamento de Mortes Violentas Envolvendo Pol´iciais em Salvador, Bahia

Nos anos 2000, o Brasil registrou aumento da ocorrência de mortes por policiais, fenômeno que sugere a necessidade de observar as práticas policiais e a administração da justiça, além de  representar um grande desafio à consolidação da democracia no país. Por meio de estudo empírico de enfoque qualitativo, desenvolvido a partir de pesquisa documental e de entrevistas qualitativas do tipo semiestruturado e reflexivo, procedeu-se à análise do processamento, pela organização policial e pelo sistema de justiça criminal, de casos de mortes decorrentes de intervenção policial, ocorridos em Salvador-Bahia e encerrados em 2016. O trabalho lançou luz sobre aspectos relacionados à seleção de elementos de prova operada pelas agências do sistema de justiça na construção oficial e na produção de regimes de verdade no processo de enquadramento jurídico-administrativo destas mortes. A variabilidade dos critérios de seleção sugere um quadro de crise de apreciação da prova, constituído por três dimensões, a saber, escassez de elementos de prova nos procedimentos, precariedade estrutural do processo de produção das provas e descaminhos da interpretação judicial, em que elementos de prova trazidos aos autos são descartados e informações sobre o morto são elevados à condição de prova. Como repercussão dessa crise, a produção da morte enquanto ação jurídica relevante é oficialmente substituída pela ação do morto, essa sim considerada reprovável e passível de condenação criminal. E como já estão mortos, o arquivamento  é o desfecho judicial mais comum desses casos.