Valorisation boursière comparée des entreprises familiales et non familiales au Japon

Cette contribution étudie l’incidence potentielle du caractère familial ou non des entreprises sur leur valorisation boursière, dans le contexte du marché japonais. L’étude empirique porte sur 90 paires d’entreprises cotées, chaque paire étant constituée d’une entreprise familiale, l’autre non familiale, toutes deux de même taille et de même activité. Au total, le marché ne semble pas marquer de forte différence dans son évaluation entre les entreprises familiales et non familiales. Il tend même à mieux valoriser les entreprises non familiales, pour des raisons que l’article s’efforce d’identifier.本論文は、同族会社という企業特性が日本の株式市場の評価に影響を与える可能性を検討している。同一の企業規模、業種の上場90組の同族・非同族企業を対象とした実証調査の結果、金融市場の評価には、同族・非同族会社という企業特性による違いがみられないことがわかった。むしろ、傾向としては非同族会社のほうを高く評価している。その理由については、本論文で明らかにしたい。This paper investigates whether being a family business or not effects a company’s stock market valuation in the context of Japan. Our empirical investigation involved ninety pairs of listed companies, each pair consisting of one family and one non-family business of the same size and from the same industry. We found that there is little difference between the way family and non-family businesses are evaluated by financial markets. The tendency is even to award better valuations to non-family businesses, for reasons that this paper attempts to identify

The "extreme phenotype approach" applied to male breast cancer allows the identification of rare variants of ATR as potential breast cancer susceptibility alleles

In oncogenetics, some patients could be considered as "extreme phenotypes", such as those with very early onset presentation or multiple primary malignancies, unusually high numbers of cancers of the same spectrum or rare cancer types in the same parental branch. For these cases, a genetic predisposition is very likely, but classical candidate gene panel analyses often and frustratingly remains negative. In the framework of the EX2TRICAN project, exploring unresolved extreme cancer phenotypes, we applied exome sequencing on rare familial cases with male breast cancer, identifying a novel pathogenic variant of ATR (p.Leu1808*). ATR has already been suspected as being a predisposing gene to breast cancer in women. We next identified 3 additional ATR variants in a cohort of both male and female with early onset and familial breast cancers (c.7762-2A>C; c.2078+1G>A; c.1A>G). Further molecular and cellular investigations showed impacts on transcripts for variants affecting splicing sites and reduction of ATR expression and phosphorylation of the ATR substrate CHEK1. This work further demonstrates the interest of an extended genetic analysis such as exome sequencing to identify very rare variants that can play a role in cancer predisposition in extreme phenotype cancer cases unexplained by classical cancer gene panels testing

Evidence-Based Guidelines for Empirical Therapy of Neutropenic Fever in Korea

Neutrophils play an important role in immunological function. Neutropenic patients are vulnerable to infection, and except fever is present, inflammatory reactions are scarce in many cases. Additionally, because infections can worsen rapidly, early evaluation and treatments are especially important in febrile neutropenic patients. In cases in which febrile neutropenia is anticipated due to anticancer chemotherapy, antibiotic prophylaxis can be used, based on the risk of infection. Antifungal prophylaxis may also be considered if long-term neutropenia or mucosal damage is expected. When fever is observed in patients suspected to have neutropenia, an adequate physical examination and blood and sputum cultures should be performed. Initial antibiotics should be chosen by considering the risk of complications following the infection; if the risk is low, oral antibiotics can be used. For initial intravenous antibiotics, monotherapy with a broad-spectrum antibiotic or combination therapy with two antibiotics is recommended. At 3-5 days after beginning the initial antibiotic therapy, the condition of the patient is assessed again to determine whether the fever has subsided or symptoms have worsened. If the patient's condition has improved, intravenous antibiotics can be replaced with oral antibiotics; if the condition has deteriorated, a change of antibiotics or addition of antifungal agents should be considered. If the causative microorganism is identified, initial antimicrobial or antifungal agents should be changed accordingly. When the cause is not detected, the initial agents should continue to be used until the neutrophil count recovers

Les conditions de la recherche ethnologique en Franche-Comté

Nivoix Georges. Les conditions de la recherche ethnologique en Franche-Comté. In: Bulletin de l'Association française des anthropologues, n°35, Mars 1989. L'ethnologie sous contrat, sous la direction de Anne Guillou et Danièle Kintz. pp. 37-46