Understanding glyphosate to increase performance

"Glyphosate and Roundup Ready crops are popular because they provide consistent, broad-spectrum weed control with minimal risk of crop injury. On occasion, however, growers experience poor weed control with glyphosate, generally because of application- or weather-related factors. This publication examines the factors that affect glyphosate performance and offers management strategies to minimize fluctuations in its effectiveness."--Extension website, viewed October 31, 2022.Reviewed by Kevin Bradley (Division of Plant Sciences). Bob Hartzler (Iowa State University), Chris Boerboom (University of Wisconsin), Glenn Nice (Purdue University), Peter Sikkema (University of Guelph)Reviewed 10/22Includes bibliographical reference

Biology and management of horseweed

"This publication discusses some of the biological characteristics that make horseweed particularly troublesome to control in agronomic crops. Then it provides management strategies, using technologies now available, that will allow growers to control herbicide-resistant horseweed and hopefully slow the spread of glyphosate resistance."--Extension website, viewed October 31, 2022.Reviewed by Kevin Bradley (Division of Plant Sciences), Mark Loux (Ohio State University), Jeff Stachler (Ohio State University), Bill Johnson (Purdue University), Glenn Nice (Purdue University), Vince Davis (Purdue University), Dawn Nordby (University of Illinois)Reviewed 10/22Includes bibliographical reference

Biology and management of common ragweed

"This publication examines the biological characteristics of common ragweed that make it a troublesome weed, and outlines management practices that will help growers better manage the weed and slow the selection of biotypes with herbicide resistance."--Extension website, viewed October 31, 2022.Reviewed by Kevin Bradley (Division of Plant Sciences), Tom Jordan (Purdue University), Glenn Nice (Purdue University), Reid Smeda (University of Missouri), Christy Sprague (Michigan State University), Mark Loux (Ohio State University), Bill Johnson (Purdue University)Reviewed 10/22Includes bibliographical reference

Biology and management of giant ragweed

"This publication discusses the biological characteristics that make giant ragweed troublesome, and provides management guidelines that will minimize yield losses and slow the development of glyphosate-resistant biotypes."--Extension website, viewed October, 31, 2022.Reviewed by Kevin Bradley (Division of Plant Sciences), Bill Johnson (Purdue University), Mark Loux (Ohio State University), Dawn Nordby (University of Illinois), Christy Sprague (Michigan State University), Glenn Nice (Purdue University), Andy Westhoven (Purdue University), Jeff Stachler (Ohio State University)Reviewed 10/22Includes bibliographical reference

Guidelines for submitting digital images for herbicide injury diagnosis

The Oklahoma Cooperative Extension Service periodically issues revisions to its publications. The most current edition is made available. For access to an earlier edition, if available for this title, please contact the Oklahoma State University Library Archives by email at [email protected] or by phone at 405-744-6311

Using venous blood gas analysis in the assessment of COPD exacerbations: a prospective cohort study

Introduction: Identifying acute hypercapnic respiratory failure is crucial in the initial management of acute exacerbations of COPD. Guidelines recommend obtaining arterial blood samples but these are more difficult to obtain than venous. We assessed whether blood gas values derived from venous blood could replace arterial at initial assessment. Methods: Patients requiring hospital treatment for an exacerbation of COPD had paired arterial and venous samples taken. Bland–Altman analyses were performed to assess agreement between arterial and venous pH, CO2 and . The relationship between SpO2 and SaO2 was assessed. The number of attempts and pain scores for each sample were measured. Results: 234 patients were studied. There was good agreement between arterial and venous measures of pH and (mean difference 0.03 and −0.04, limits of agreement −0.05 to 0.11 and −2.90 to 2.82, respectively), and between SaO2 and SpO2 (in patients with an SpO2 of >80%). Arterial sampling required more attempts and was more painful than venous (mean pain score 4 (IQR 2–5) and 1 (IQR 0–2), respectively, p<0.001). Conclusions: Arterial sampling is more difficult and more painful than venous sampling. There is good agreement between pH and values derived from venous and arterial blood, and between pulse oximetry and arterial blood gas oxygen saturations. These agreements could allow the initial assessment of COPD exacerbations to be based on venous blood gas analysis and pulse oximetry, simplifying the care pathway and improving the patient experience

What do young adolescents think about taking part in longitudinal self-harm research?: findings from a school-based study

Background: Research about self-harm in adolescence is important given the high incidence in youth, and strong links to suicide and other poor outcomes. Clarifying the impact of involvement in school based self-harm studies on young adolescents is an ethical priority given heightened risk at this developmental stage. Methods: Here, 594 school-based students aged mainly 13-14 years completed a survey on self-harm at baseline and again 12-weeks later. Change in mood following completion of each survey, ratings and thoughts about participation, and responses to a mood-mitigation activity were analysed using a multi-method approach. Results: Baseline participation had no overall impact on mood. However, boys and girls reacted differently to the survey depending on self-harm status. Having a history of self-harm had a negative impact on mood for girls, but a positive impact on mood for boys. In addition, participants rated the survey in mainly positive/neutral terms, and cited benefits including personal insight and altruism. At follow-up, there was a negative impact on mood following participation, but no significant effect of gender or self-harm status. Ratings at follow-up were mainly positive/neutral. Those who had self-harmed reported more positive and fewer negative ratings than at baseline: the opposite pattern of response was found for those who had not self-harmed. Mood mitigation activities were endorsed. Conclusions: Self-harm research with youth is feasible in school settings. Most young people are happy to take part and cite important benefits. However, the impact of participation in research appears to vary according to gender, self-harm risk and method/time of assessment. The impact of repeated assessment requires clarification. Simple mood-elevation techniques may usefully help to mitigate distress

To Deliver or Not to Deliver Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Eating Disorders: Replication and Extension of Our Understanding of Why Therapists Fail to Do What They Should Do

Objective: This study investigated the extent to which therapists fail to apply empirically supported treatments in a sample of clinicians in The Netherlands, delivering cognitive behavioral therapy for eating disorders (CBT-ED). It aimed to replicate previous findings, and to extend them by examining other potential intra-individual factors associated with the level of (non-)use of core CBT-ED techniques. Method: Participants were 139 clinicians (127 women; mean age 41.4 years, range = 24-64) who completed an online survey about the level of use of specific techniques, their beliefs (e.g., about the importance of the alliance and use of pretreatment motivational techniques), anxiety (Intolerance of Uncertainty Scale), and personality (Ten Item Personality Inventory). Results: Despite some differences with Waller’s (2012) findings, the present results continue to indicate that therapists are not reliably delivering the CBT-ED techniques that would be expected to provide the best treatment to their patients. This ‘non-use’ appears to be related to clinician anxiety, temporal factors, and clinicians’ beliefs about the role of the therapeutic alliance in driving therapy outcomes. Discussion: Improving treatment delivery will involve working with clinicians’ levels of anxiety, clarifying the lack of benefit of pre-therapy motivational enhancement work, and reminding clinicians that the therapeutic alliance is enhanced by behavioral change in CBT-ED, rather than the other way around

The NANOGrav 11-Year Data Set: Arecibo Observatory Polarimetry And Pulse Microcomponents

We present the polarization pulse profiles for 28 pulsars observed with the Arecibo Observatory by the North American Nanohertz Observatory for Gravitational Waves (NANOGrav) timing project at 2.1 GHz, 1.4 GHz, and 430 MHz. These profiles represent some of the most sensitive polarimetric millisecond pulsar profiles to date, revealing the existence of microcomponents (that is, pulse components with peak intensities much lower than the total pulse peak intensity). Although microcomponents have been detected in some pulsars previously, we present microcomponents for PSRs B1937+21, J1713+0747, and J2234+0944 for the first time. These microcomponents can have an impact on pulsar timing, geometry, and flux density determination. We present rotation measures for all 28 pulsars, determined independently at different observation frequencies and epochs, and find the Galactic magnetic fields derived from these rotation measures to be consistent with current models. These polarization profiles were made using measurement equation template matching, which allows us to generate the polarimetric response of the Arecibo Observatory on an epoch-by-epoch basis. We use this method to describe its time variability, and find that the polarimetric responses of the Arecibo Observatory's 1.4 and 2.1 GHz receivers vary significantly with time.Comment: 41 pages, 20 figure