Determine the source term of a two-dimensional heat equation

Let $\Omega$ be a two-dimensional heat conduction body. We consider the problem of determining the heat source $F(x,t)=\varphi(t)f(x,y)$ with $\varphi$ be given inexactly and $f$ be unknown. The problem is nonlinear and ill-posed. By a specific form of Fourier transforms, we shall show that the heat source is determined uniquely by the minimum boundary condition and the temperature distribution in $\Omega$ at the initial time $t=0$ and at the final time $t=1$. Using the methods of Tikhonov's regularization and truncated integration, we construct the regularized solutions. Numerical part is given.Comment: 18 page

Determination of the body force of a two-dimensional isotropic elastic body

Let $\Omega$ represent a two$-$dimensional isotropic elastic body. We consider the problem of determining the body force $F$ whose form $\phi(t)(f_1(x),f_2(x))$ with $\phi$ be given inexactly. The problem is nonlinear and ill-posed. Using the Fourier transform, the methods of Tikhonov's regularization and truncated integration, we construct a regularized solution from the data given inexactly and derive the explicitly error estimate. Numerical part is givenComment: 23 page

Establishing protocol for detecting methylation of Ubiquitin carboxyl terminal hydrolase 1 gene’s promoter in nasopharyngeal carcinoma

Background: The methylation of Ubiquitin Carboxyl Terminal Hydrolase 1 (UCHL1) gene’s promoter has been reported as the etiological factor of nasopharyngeal tumorigenesis. Purpose: This study is designed to establish a protocol for detecting methylation of UCHL1 gene’s promoter in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) in a Vietnamese population. Materials and methods: 10 samples of NPC biopsy tissues and 10 samples of non-cancerous swabs were collected from the local hospital. Chloroform/Phenol method and Nested-MSP assays were established to detect methylation of a target gene. Results: The isolated DNA reached purity and high concentration which were confirmed by the method of absorbance measurement at 260nm and 280nm. Additionally, the Nested-MSP products of methylation or unmethylation were analyzed and visualized in the agarose gel with the band of 169bps and 210bps, respectively. By sequencing, it was confirmed that the two sets of primer could distinguish the status of methylation and unmethylation of UCHL1 gene’s promoter. Conclusion: Our data suggested that the current protocol could successfully identify the status of methylation and/or unmethylation of UCHL1 gene’s promoter

COVID-19 Social Science and Public Engagement Action Research in Vietnam, Indonesia and Nepal (SPEAR): Protocol for a mixed methods study exploring the experiences and impacts of COVID-19 for healthcare workers and vulnerable communities

Background: When the novel coronavirus – SARS-CoV-2 – started to spread globally, there was a call for social and behavioral scientists to conduct research to explore the wider socio-cultural contexts of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), to understand vulnerabilities, as well as to increase engagement within communities to facilitate adoption of public health measures. In this manuscript, we describe the protocol for a study conducted in Indonesia, Nepal, and Vietnam. In the study, we explore how the COVID-19 pandemic is affecting individuals and their communities. We focus on the wider health and economic impacts of COVID-19, in particular emerging and increased burden on mental health, as well as new or deepened vulnerabilities in the communities. The introduction of vaccines has added another layer of complexity and highlights differences in acceptance and inequalities around access.  Methods: We use mixed methods, combining survey methods and social media surveillance to gain a picture of the general situation within each country, with in-depth qualitative methods to gain a deeper understanding of issues, coupled with a synergistic engagement component. We also include an exploration of the role of social media in revealing or driving perceptions of the pandemic more broadly. Participants include health workers and members of communities from 13 sites across the three countries. Data collection is spread across two phases. Phase 1 is concerned with exploring lived experiences, impacts on working lives and livelihoods, mental health and coping strategies. Phase 2 is concerned with acceptance of COVID-19 vaccines, factors that increase and reduce acceptance, and factors that influence access. Conclusions: We will disseminate findings in multiple ways including short reports and policy briefs, articles in peer-reviewed journals, and digital diaries will be edited into short films and uploaded onto social media sites.</ns3:p

Safety and efficacy of fluoxetine on functional outcome after acute stroke (AFFINITY): a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial

Background Trials of fluoxetine for recovery after stroke report conflicting results. The Assessment oF FluoxetINe In sTroke recoverY (AFFINITY) trial aimed to show if daily oral fluoxetine for 6 months after stroke improves functional outcome in an ethnically diverse population. Methods AFFINITY was a randomised, parallel-group, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial done in 43 hospital stroke units in Australia (n=29), New Zealand (four), and Vietnam (ten). Eligible patients were adults (aged ≥18 years) with a clinical diagnosis of acute stroke in the previous 2–15 days, brain imaging consistent with ischaemic or haemorrhagic stroke, and a persisting neurological deficit that produced a modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score of 1 or more. Patients were randomly assigned 1:1 via a web-based system using a minimisation algorithm to once daily, oral fluoxetine 20 mg capsules or matching placebo for 6 months. Patients, carers, investigators, and outcome assessors were masked to the treatment allocation. The primary outcome was functional status, measured by the mRS, at 6 months. The primary analysis was an ordinal logistic regression of the mRS at 6 months, adjusted for minimisation variables. Primary and safety analyses were done according to the patient's treatment allocation. The trial is registered with the Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry, ACTRN12611000774921. Findings Between Jan 11, 2013, and June 30, 2019, 1280 patients were recruited in Australia (n=532), New Zealand (n=42), and Vietnam (n=706), of whom 642 were randomly assigned to fluoxetine and 638 were randomly assigned to placebo. Mean duration of trial treatment was 167 days (SD 48·1). At 6 months, mRS data were available in 624 (97%) patients in the fluoxetine group and 632 (99%) in the placebo group. The distribution of mRS categories was similar in the fluoxetine and placebo groups (adjusted common odds ratio 0·94, 95% CI 0·76–1·15; p=0·53). Compared with patients in the placebo group, patients in the fluoxetine group had more falls (20 [3%] vs seven [1%]; p=0·018), bone fractures (19 [3%] vs six [1%]; p=0·014), and epileptic seizures (ten [2%] vs two [<1%]; p=0·038) at 6 months. Interpretation Oral fluoxetine 20 mg daily for 6 months after acute stroke did not improve functional outcome and increased the risk of falls, bone fractures, and epileptic seizures. These results do not support the use of fluoxetine to improve functional outcome after stroke

Innovative Integration of Butina Clustering with Ensemble Learning Techniques for the Refined Pharmacophore Modeling of Apelin Receptor Agonists: A High-Impact Computational Approach

3D pharmacophore models describe the ligand’s chemical interactions in their bioactive conformation. They offer a simple but sophisticated approach to decipher the chemically encoded ligand information, making them a valuable tool in Drug Design. Our research summarized the key studies for applying 3D pharmacophore models in virtual screening for APJ receptor agonists. Recent advances in clustering algorithms and ensemble methods have enabled classical pharmacophore modeling to evolve into more flexible and knowledge-driven techniques. Butina clustering categorizes molecules based on their structural similarity (indicated by the Tanimoto coefficient) to create a structurally diverse training dataset. The ensemble learning method combines various individual pharmacophore models into a set of pharmacophore models for pharmacophore space optimization in virtual screening. This approach was evaluated on Apelin datasets and afforded good screening performance, as proven by receiver operating characteristic, enrichment factor, Güner-Henry score, and F-measure. Although one of the high-scoring models achieved statistically superior results in each dataset, the ensemble learning method including Voting and Stacking method balanced the shortcomings of each model and passed with close performance measures

HOẠT ĐỘNG KINH DOANH DỊCH VỤ DU LỊCH CỦA CÁC HỘ DÂN VÙNG ĐẦM PHÁ LĂNG CÔ, THỪA THIÊN HUẾ

Tourism services development presents a viable economic restructuring solution in response to the challenges posed by resource depletion and climate change in Lang Co Lagoon, Thua Thien Hue province. This research assesses the current status and impact of tourism business operations on household income and environmental resources within the Lang Co Lagoon area. We interviewed 60 fishing households engaging in tourism services (who primarily rely on tourism income while continuing fishing activities), questioned a community manager and a knowledgeable person in the region, and collected relevant secondary data. The findings reveal that the revenue generated from tourism activities significantly enhances income diversification for the households, with an average annual amount of 104.6 million VND, accounting for 18.6% of their total yearly earnings. Additionally, active involvement in tourism services has brought about a notable shift in the perception of households, particularly concerning their awareness of safeguarding the lagoon environment to promote tourism development.Phát triển dịch vụ du lịch là giải pháp chuyển dịch cơ cấu kinh tế thích ứng với bối cảnh suy giảm tài nguyên và biến đổi khí hậu tại vùng đầm phá Lăng Cô, huyện Phú Lộc, tỉnh Thừa Thiên Huế. Nghiên cứu này được tiến hành với mục tiêu phân tích hiện trạng và vai trò của hoạt động kinh doanh du lịch đối với thu nhập hộ dân và tài nguyên môi trường ở đầm phá Lăng Cô, Thừa Thiên Huế. Chúng tôi đã phỏng vấn bán cấu trúc 60 hộ thuỷ sản làm dịch vụ du lịch (gọi tắt là hộ DVDL, là hộ có thu nhập chính từ DVDL nhưng vẫn duy trì hoạt động nghề cá), phỏng vấn sâu hai người quản lý và am hiểu tại cộng đồng và thu thập các thông tin thứ cấp có liên quan. Kết quả cho thấy hoạt động du lịch đã giúp đa dạng hoá nguồn thu và cải tiện thu nhập đáng kế, bình quân 104,6 triệu đồng/năm, chiếm 18,6% tổng thu nhập/năm của hộ. Bên cạnh đó, sự tham gia vào các hoạt động dịch vụ du lịch mang lại sự thay đổi về nhận thức của hộ, đặc biệt là nhận thức được tầm quan trọng của việc bảo vệ môi trường đầm phá cho việc phát triển du lịch