395 research outputs found
Fano Resonances in Electronic Transport through a Single Electron Transistor
We have observed asymmetric Fano resonances in the conductance of a single
electron transistor resulting from interference between a resonant and a
nonresonant path through the system. The resonant component shows all the
features typical of quantum dots, but the origin of the non-resonant path is
unclear. A unique feature of this experimental system, compared to others that
show Fano line shapes, is that changing the voltages on various gates allows
one to alter the interference between the two paths.Comment: 8 pages, 6 figures. Submitted to PR
Hawking Temperature in Taub-NUT (A)dS spaces via the Generalized Uncertainty Principle
Using the extended forms of the Heisenberg uncertainty principle from string
theory and the quantum gravity theory, we drived Hawking temperature of a
Taub-Nut-(A)dS black hole. In spite of their distinctive natures such as
asymptotically locally flat and breakdown of the area theorem of the horizon
for the black holes, we show that the corrections to Hawking temperature by the
generalized versions of the the Heisenberg uncertainty principle increases like
the Schwarzschild-(A)dS black hole and give the reason why the Taub-Nut-(A)dS
metric may have AdS/CFT dual picture.Comment: version published in General Relativity and Gravitatio
Search for the decay in the momentum region
We have searched for the decay in the kinematic
region with pion momentum below the peak. One event was
observed, consistent with the background estimate of . This
implies an upper limit on
(90% C.L.), consistent with the recently measured branching ratio of
, obtained using the standard model
spectrum and the kinematic region above the peak. The
same data were used to search for , where is a weakly
interacting neutral particle or system of particles with .Comment: 4 pages, 2 figure
Unimodular bimode gravity and the coherent scalar-graviton field as galaxy dark matter
The explicit violation of the general gauge invariance/relativity is adopted
as the origin of dark matter and dark energy of the gravitational nature. The
violation of the local scale invariance alone, with the residual unimodular
one, is considered. Besides the four-volume preserving deformation mode -- the
transverse-tensor graviton -- the metric comprises a compression mode -- the
scalar graviton, or the systolon. A unimodular invariant and general covariant
metric theory of the bimode/scalar-tensor gravity is consistently worked out.
To reduce the primordial ambiguity of the theory a dynamical global symmetry is
imposed, with its subsequent spontaneous breaking revealed. The static
spherically symmetric case in the empty, but possibly for the origin, space is
studied. A three-parameter solution describing a new static space structure --
the dark lacuna -- is constructed. It enjoys the property of gravitational
confinement, with the logarithmic potential of gravitational attraction at the
periphery, and results in the asymptotically flat rotation curves. Comprising a
super-massive dark fracture (a scalar-modified black hole) at the origin
surrounded by a cored dark halo, the dark lacunas are proposed as a prototype
model of galaxies, implying an ultimate account for the distributed
non-gravitational matter and a putative asphericity or rotation.Comment: 38 pages, 10 figures; exposition improved, remarks added, accepted
for publicatio
Thermostatistics of deformed bosons and fermions
Based on the q-deformed oscillator algebra, we study the behavior of the mean
occupation number and its analogies with intermediate statistics and we obtain
an expression in terms of an infinite continued fraction, thus clarifying
successive approximations. In this framework, we study the thermostatistics of
q-deformed bosons and fermions and show that thermodynamics can be built on the
formalism of q-calculus. The entire structure of thermodynamics is preserved if
ordinary derivatives are replaced by the use of an appropriate Jackson
derivative and q-integral. Moreover, we derive the most important thermodynamic
functions and we study the q-boson and q-fermion ideal gas in the thermodynamic
limit.Comment: 14 pages, 2 figure
New record of Clypeasterophilus stebbingi (Rathbun, 1918) (Decapoda: Brachyura: Pinnotheridae) from the east coast of Nicaragua
Energy and Flux Measurements of Ultra-High Energy Cosmic Rays Observed During the First ANITA Flight
The first flight of the Antarctic Impulsive Transient Antenna (ANITA)
experiment recorded 16 radio signals that were emitted by cosmic-ray induced
air showers. For 14 of these events, this radiation was reflected from the ice.
The dominant contribution to the radiation from the deflection of positrons and
electrons in the geomagnetic field, which is beamed in the direction of motion
of the air shower. This radiation is reflected from the ice and subsequently
detected by the ANITA experiment at a flight altitude of 36km. In this paper,
we estimate the energy of the 14 individual events and find that the mean
energy of the cosmic-ray sample is 2.9 EeV. By simulating the ANITA flight, we
calculate its exposure for ultra-high energy cosmic rays. We estimate for the
first time the cosmic-ray flux derived only from radio observations. In
addition, we find that the Monte Carlo simulation of the ANITA data set is in
agreement with the total number of observed events and with the properties of
those events.Comment: Added more explanation of the experimental setup and textual
improvement
Measurements of the Ratios and
Using the CLEO~II detector we measure , and .
We find the vector to pseudoscalar ratio, , which is similar to the
ratio found in non strange decays.Comment: 11 page uuencoded postscript file, postscript file also available
through http://w4.lns.cornell.edu/public/CLN
Further search for the decay in the momentum region P < 195 MeV/c
We report the results of a search for the decay
in the kinematic region with momentum MeV/c using the
data collected by the E787 experiment at BNL. No events were observed. When
combined with our previous search in this region, one candidate event with an
expected background of events results in a 90% C.L. upper limit
of on the branching ratio of .
We also report improved limits on the rates of and where are hypothetical, massless, long-lived
neutral particles.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figures, Accepted for publication in Phys. Rev.
Recommended from our members
The AeroCom evaluation and intercomparison of organic aerosol in global models
This paper evaluates the current status of global modeling of the organic aerosol (OA) in the troposphere and analyzes the differences between models as well as between models and observations. Thirty-one global chemistry transport models (CTMs) and general circulation models (GCMs) have participated in this intercomparison, in the framework of AeroCom phase II. The simulation of OA varies greatly between models in terms of the magnitude of primary emissions, secondary OA (SOA) formation, the number of OA species used (2 to 62), the complexity of OA parameterizations (gas-particle partitioning, chemical aging, multiphase chemistry, aerosol microphysics), and the OA physical, chemical and optical properties. The diversity of the global OA simulation results has increased since earlier AeroCom experiments, mainly due to the increasing complexity of the SOA parameterization in models, and the implementation of new, highly uncertain, OA sources. Diversity of over one order of magnitude exists in the modeled vertical distribution of OA concentrations that deserves a dedicated future study. Furthermore, although the OA / OC ratio depends on OA sources and atmospheric processing, and is important for model evaluation against OA and OC observations, it is resolved only by a few global models.
The median global primary OA (POA) source strength is 56 Tg aâ1 (range 34â144 Tg aâ1) and the median SOA source strength (natural and anthropogenic) is 19 Tg aâ1 (range 13â121 Tg aâ1). Among the models that take into account the semi-volatile SOA nature, the median source is calculated to be 51 Tg aâ1 (range 16â121 Tg aâ1), much larger than the median value of the models that calculate SOA in a more simplistic way (19 Tg aâ1; range 13â20 Tg aâ1, with one model at 37 Tg aâ1). The median atmospheric burden of OA is 1.4 Tg (24 models in the range of 0.6â2.0 Tg and 4 between 2.0 and 3.8 Tg), with a median OA lifetime of 5.4 days (range 3.8â9.6 days). In models that reported both OA and sulfate burdens, the median value of the OA/sulfate burden ratio is calculated to be 0.77; 13 models calculate a ratio lower than 1, and 9 models higher than 1. For 26 models that reported OA deposition fluxes, the median wet removal is 70 Tg aâ1 (range 28â209 Tg aâ1), which is on average 85% of the total OA deposition.
Fine aerosol organic carbon (OC) and OA observations from continuous monitoring networks and individual field campaigns have been used for model evaluation. At urban locations, the modelâobservation comparison indicates missing knowledge on anthropogenic OA sources, both strength and seasonality. The combined modelâmeasurements analysis suggests the existence of increased OA levels during summer due to biogenic SOA formation over large areas of the USA that can be of the same order of magnitude as the POA, even at urban locations, and contribute to the measured urban seasonal pattern.
Global models are able to simulate the high secondary character of OA observed in the atmosphere as a result of SOA formation and POA aging, although the amount of OA present in the atmosphere remains largely underestimated, with a mean normalized bias (MNB) equal to â0.62 (â0.51) based on the comparison against OC (OA) urban data of all models at the surface, â0.15 (+0.51) when compared with remote measurements, and â0.30 for marine locations with OC data. The mean temporal correlations across all stations are low when compared with OC (OA) measurements: 0.47 (0.52) for urban stations, 0.39 (0.37) for remote stations, and 0.25 for marine stations with OC data. The combination of high (negative) MNB and higher correlation at urban stations when compared with the low MNB and lower correlation at remote sites suggests that knowledge about the processes that govern aerosol processing, transport and removal, on top of their sources, is important at the remote stations. There is no clear change in model skill with increasing model complexity with regard to OC or OA mass concentration. However, the complexity is needed in models in order to distinguish between anthropogenic and natural OA as needed for climate mitigation, and to calculate the impact of OA on climate accurately
- âŠ