UTILIZAÇÃO DE ÓLEOS ESSENCIAIS E EXTRATOS DE PLANTAS NO CONTROLE DE INSETOS.

Plants, as organisms that co-evolved with insects and other organisms, are natural sources of antimicrobial substances and insecticides. The natural insecticides, among which can mention the use of alternative products such as powders and botanical extracts and essential oils of vegetable origin, can be used both in integrated pest management in commercial crops, but also in organic farming. These insecticides are an easily available in its natural, but can be depleted if not replenished constantly. The problem is greater when it comes to exotic plants such as neem, a fact which underlines the importance of studies with native plants or wildlife, which can be found and planted more safely. The exploitation of plants must be made in such a way that permits the preservation and conservation of species. Another point to consider is the toxicity of plant products, variations between species, the plant parts used and the forms of extraction. The toxicity of any active ingredient is obviously associated with the dosage used in the weight of the individual, and is also related to the application form.As plantas, como organismos que co-evoluem com insetos e outros microorganismos, são fontes naturais de substâncias inseticidas e antimicrobianas. Os inseticidas naturais, dentre os quais pode ser destacado o uso de produtos alternativos, como pós e extratos botânicos, e óleos essenciais de origem vegetal, podem ser utilizados tanto no manejo integrado de pragas em cultivos comerciais, como também, na agricultura biológica. Esses bioinseticidas constituem um recurso facilmente disponível por sua ocorrência natural, todavia podem ser esgotados se não forem constantemente repostos. O problema é maior quando se trata de planta exótica como o nim, fato que salienta a importância de estudos com plantas nativas ou silvestres, que possam ser encontradas e plantadas com maior segurança. A exploração das plantas deve ser feita de tal maneira que permita a preservação e a conservação das espécies. Outro ponto que deve ser considerado é a toxicidade dos produtos vegetais, as variações entre as espécies, as partes vegetais utilizadas e as formas de extração. A toxicidade de todo ingrediente ativo está obviamente associado à dosagem utilizada em relação ao peso do indivíduo, e é relacionada também a forma de aplicação.  USE OF ESSENTIAL OILS AND PLANT EXTRACTS IN THE CONTROL OF INSECTS. Abstract: Plants, as organisms that co-evolved with insects and other organisms, are natural sources of antimicrobial substances and insecticides. The natural insecticides, among which can mention the use of alternative products such as powders and botanical extracts and essential oils of vegetable origin, can be used both in integrated pest management in commercial crops, but also in organic farming. These insecticides are an easily available in its natural, but can be depleted if not replenished constantly. The problem is greater when it comes to exotic plants such as neem, a fact which underlines the importance of studies with native plants or wildlife, which can be found and planted more safely. The exploitation of plants must be made ​​in such a way that permits the preservation and conservation of species. Another point to consider is the toxicity of plant products, variations between species, the plant parts used and the forms of extraction. The toxicity of any active ingredient is obviously associated with the dosage used in the weight of the individual, and is also related to the application form. Keywords: Control; biopesticides; Agroecology; Ni

Autocuidado apoiado no manejo da diabetes tipo 1 durante a transição da infância para adolescência

Objective: To analyze the needs of pre-adolescents with type 1 diabetes regarding selfcare support for disease management. Method: Qualitative study conducted between October and December 2016 with pre-adolescents seen at a hospital outpatient clinic and at Family Health Units; semi-structured interviews were used. Data were analyzed using a thematic analysis based on the theoretical basis of self-care support. Results: Nine pre-adolescents participated in the study. It was identified that in order to build self-efficacy, pre-adolescents need to overcome the disease denial phase, know how to handle feelings triggered by the need for lifestyle changes, receive support from their families and social networks, and have the self-awareness and self-perception needed to feel secure in managing their diabetes. Conclusion: The intrinsic challenges of adolescence and the way pre-adolescents with diabetes handle the disease have an influence on diabetes management and create needs that must be appreciated by health care professionals in order to provide self-care support.Objective: To analyze the needs of pre-adolescents with type 1 diabetes regarding selfcare support for disease management. Method: Qualitative study conducted between October and December 2016 with pre-adolescents seen at a hospital outpatient clinic and at Family Health Units; semi-structured interviews were used. Data were analyzed using a thematic analysis based on the theoretical basis of self-care support. Results: Nine pre-adolescents participated in the study. It was identified that in order to build self-efficacy, pre-adolescents need to overcome the disease denial phase, know how to handle feelings triggered by the need for lifestyle changes, receive support from their families and social networks, and have the self-awareness and self-perception needed to feel secure in managing their diabetes. Conclusion: The intrinsic challenges of adolescence and the way pre-adolescents with diabetes handle the disease have an influence on diabetes management and create needs that must be appreciated by health care professionals in order to provide self-care support

Atenção terciária à criança com doença crônica na perspectiva da gestão do cuidado

Objetivo: Analisar as ações desenvolvidas na atenção terciária à criança com doença crônica na perspetiva da gestão do cuidado.Método: Pesquisa qualitativa realizada com 14 profissionais da saúde de unidades pediátricas de dois hospitais nordestinos, entre novembro de 2018 e março de 2019, por meio de entrevista semiestruturada. O material empírico foi interpretado por análise temática indutiva à luz da gestão do cuidado.Resultados: As ações das equipes multiprofissionais apresentam-se fragmentadas, dificultando o preparo e o envolvimento da família no cuidado e nem sempre respondendo às demandas singulares e complexas da criança. O número insuficiente de profissionais, falta de insumos e infraestruturas inadequadas dos serviços hospitalares refletem na prática assistencial gerando sobrecarga de trabalho e ações desarticuladas.Considerações finais: A gestão do cuidado contribui para a reestruturação dos processos de trabalho no hospital para que as ações da equipe atendam às demandas singulares e complexas dessa população. Palavras-Chave: Criança. Hospitalização. Doença crônica. Gestão em saúde

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost