Similaridade De Solos Quanto A Salinidade No Vale Perenizado Do Rio Trussu, Ceará

The goal was to evaluate the impacts of irrigation with addition of salts on soils of two irrigated areas in the perennial stretch of Trussu River, Iguatu, Ceará, located in the Brazilian semiarid, by applying the multivariate statistical technique, and clustering analysis, as a tool to identify the similarity of the areas in time and space. Samples were collected in three areas: one with forest regeneration, cultivated with irrigated pasture and another with irrigated guava. Soil samples were collected every two months from May/2013 to April/2014 in 0-30 cm; 30-60 cm; 60-90 cm layers. The following attributes were considered: Electrical Conductivity of the saturation extract (EC), pH, PES (percentage of exchangeable sodium), SAR (sodium adsorption ratio) and soluble ions Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+, K+, Cl-. Group 1 was formed by soils presenting the lowest salts concentration average, composed for all samples taken in the regeneration forest soils, seven originating from areas with pasture and six from areas with guava, regardless of the sampled layer or collection time. Group 2 expresses a complete dissimilarity of information on the regeneration forest, since no information on this area is present in this group. The largest salt concentrations in Group 2 indicates that there was an accumulation of ions in the soil in the irrigated areas, but not at a level that could compromise plant growth and jeopardize both soils as salinity. The separation of these soils into groups containing similar soil in salinity can contribute to management strategies to be adopted for each soil group formed. © 2016, Universidade Estadual Paulista - UNESP. All rights reserved.21232734

Risk profiles and one-year outcomes of patients with newly diagnosed atrial fibrillation in India: Insights from the GARFIELD-AF Registry.

BACKGROUND: The Global Anticoagulant Registry in the FIELD-Atrial Fibrillation (GARFIELD-AF) is an ongoing prospective noninterventional registry, which is providing important information on the baseline characteristics, treatment patterns, and 1-year outcomes in patients with newly diagnosed non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF). This report describes data from Indian patients recruited in this registry. METHODS AND RESULTS: A total of 52,014 patients with newly diagnosed AF were enrolled globally; of these, 1388 patients were recruited from 26 sites within India (2012-2016). In India, the mean age was 65.8 years at diagnosis of NVAF. Hypertension was the most prevalent risk factor for AF, present in 68.5% of patients from India and in 76.3% of patients globally (P < 0.001). Diabetes and coronary artery disease (CAD) were prevalent in 36.2% and 28.1% of patients as compared with global prevalence of 22.2% and 21.6%, respectively (P < 0.001 for both). Antiplatelet therapy was the most common antithrombotic treatment in India. With increasing stroke risk, however, patients were more likely to receive oral anticoagulant therapy [mainly vitamin K antagonist (VKA)], but average international normalized ratio (INR) was lower among Indian patients [median INR value 1.6 (interquartile range {IQR}: 1.3-2.3) versus 2.3 (IQR 1.8-2.8) (P < 0.001)]. Compared with other countries, patients from India had markedly higher rates of all-cause mortality [7.68 per 100 person-years (95% confidence interval 6.32-9.35) vs 4.34 (4.16-4.53), P < 0.0001], while rates of stroke/systemic embolism and major bleeding were lower after 1 year of follow-up. CONCLUSION: Compared to previously published registries from India, the GARFIELD-AF registry describes clinical profiles and outcomes in Indian patients with AF of a different etiology. The registry data show that compared to the rest of the world, Indian AF patients are younger in age and have more diabetes and CAD. Patients with a higher stroke risk are more likely to receive anticoagulation therapy with VKA but are underdosed compared with the global average in the GARFIELD-AF. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION-URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT01090362

Efeito do estádio de desenvolvimento do fruto sobre a qualidade da semente do cultivar Patrícia de videira Effect of the fruit development stage on the quality of 'Patricia' grape seeds

Durante a maturação do fruto do cultivar Patrícia de videira, podem-se identificar três diferentes estádios de desenvolvimento, com base, principalmente, na coloração do fruto. Neste trabalho, coletaram-se sementes de cada estádio, armazenando-as por diferentes períodos, sendo a qualidade examinada após a colheita e no armazenamento, visando detectar o ponto de menor índice de dormência e máxima germinação. O estádio de maturação do fruto afetou-lhes a viabilidade: as sementes dos frutos maduros sempre apresentaram os maiores valores de viabilidade, ao contrário daquelas de frutos imaturos. Durante o armazenamento, houve diminuição da viabilidade nos três tipos de sementes testados, sendo as de frutos imaturos as mais afetadas. Em sementes de frutos maduros, ocorreu redução da dormência durante o armazenamento. Antes e depois do armazenamento, as sementes dos frutos maduros e meio maduros emergiram mais rápido e houve desenvolvimento de maior número de plântulas, com maior peso de matéria seca, comparativamente às sementes do fruto imaturo. A máxima germinação e vigor da semente são alcançados em sua maturidade fisiológica, aspecto esse a ser considerado antes da colheita, para que se obtenham sementes de alta qualidade.<br>During the maturation of the fruits of 'Patricia' grape (Vitis hybrid), three different development stages can be identified based mainly on the fruit color. Seeds in each of these stages were harvested and stored for different periods of time. Seed quality was analysed before and after storage in order to detect the maximum capacity of germination and the minimum dormancy level. Seed viability was affected by the fruit maturation stage: high-seed viability was obtained from seeds of mature fruits and low-viability from seeds of immature fruits. During storage a reduction of viability was found for all types of analysed seeds; the ones taken from immature fruits were the most affected. A reduction in the dormancy level occurred in seeds taken from mature fruits during storage. Seeds taken from mature and partially mature fruits emerged sooner and developed into a larger number of plantlets with higher dry weight when compared to those from immature fruits independently of being or not stored. In conclusion, in order to obtain high quality grape seeds, with maximun seed viability, it is necessary to wait for the physiological maturity of the fruits before harvesting. This stage can be identified based on the fruit color