Similaridade De Solos Quanto A Salinidade No Vale Perenizado Do Rio Trussu, Ceará

The goal was to evaluate the impacts of irrigation with addition of salts on soils of two irrigated areas in the perennial stretch of Trussu River, Iguatu, Ceará, located in the Brazilian semiarid, by applying the multivariate statistical technique, and clustering analysis, as a tool to identify the similarity of the areas in time and space. Samples were collected in three areas: one with forest regeneration, cultivated with irrigated pasture and another with irrigated guava. Soil samples were collected every two months from May/2013 to April/2014 in 0-30 cm; 30-60 cm; 60-90 cm layers. The following attributes were considered: Electrical Conductivity of the saturation extract (EC), pH, PES (percentage of exchangeable sodium), SAR (sodium adsorption ratio) and soluble ions Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+, K+, Cl-. Group 1 was formed by soils presenting the lowest salts concentration average, composed for all samples taken in the regeneration forest soils, seven originating from areas with pasture and six from areas with guava, regardless of the sampled layer or collection time. Group 2 expresses a complete dissimilarity of information on the regeneration forest, since no information on this area is present in this group. The largest salt concentrations in Group 2 indicates that there was an accumulation of ions in the soil in the irrigated areas, but not at a level that could compromise plant growth and jeopardize both soils as salinity. The separation of these soils into groups containing similar soil in salinity can contribute to management strategies to be adopted for each soil group formed. © 2016, Universidade Estadual Paulista - UNESP. All rights reserved.21232734

Efeito do estádio de desenvolvimento do fruto sobre a qualidade da semente do cultivar Patrícia de videira Effect of the fruit development stage on the quality of 'Patricia' grape seeds

Durante a maturação do fruto do cultivar Patrícia de videira, podem-se identificar três diferentes estádios de desenvolvimento, com base, principalmente, na coloração do fruto. Neste trabalho, coletaram-se sementes de cada estádio, armazenando-as por diferentes períodos, sendo a qualidade examinada após a colheita e no armazenamento, visando detectar o ponto de menor índice de dormência e máxima germinação. O estádio de maturação do fruto afetou-lhes a viabilidade: as sementes dos frutos maduros sempre apresentaram os maiores valores de viabilidade, ao contrário daquelas de frutos imaturos. Durante o armazenamento, houve diminuição da viabilidade nos três tipos de sementes testados, sendo as de frutos imaturos as mais afetadas. Em sementes de frutos maduros, ocorreu redução da dormência durante o armazenamento. Antes e depois do armazenamento, as sementes dos frutos maduros e meio maduros emergiram mais rápido e houve desenvolvimento de maior número de plântulas, com maior peso de matéria seca, comparativamente às sementes do fruto imaturo. A máxima germinação e vigor da semente são alcançados em sua maturidade fisiológica, aspecto esse a ser considerado antes da colheita, para que se obtenham sementes de alta qualidade.<br>During the maturation of the fruits of 'Patricia' grape (Vitis hybrid), three different development stages can be identified based mainly on the fruit color. Seeds in each of these stages were harvested and stored for different periods of time. Seed quality was analysed before and after storage in order to detect the maximum capacity of germination and the minimum dormancy level. Seed viability was affected by the fruit maturation stage: high-seed viability was obtained from seeds of mature fruits and low-viability from seeds of immature fruits. During storage a reduction of viability was found for all types of analysed seeds; the ones taken from immature fruits were the most affected. A reduction in the dormancy level occurred in seeds taken from mature fruits during storage. Seeds taken from mature and partially mature fruits emerged sooner and developed into a larger number of plantlets with higher dry weight when compared to those from immature fruits independently of being or not stored. In conclusion, in order to obtain high quality grape seeds, with maximun seed viability, it is necessary to wait for the physiological maturity of the fruits before harvesting. This stage can be identified based on the fruit color