Управление для устойчивого развития: социально-философский ракурс

У статті актуалізується роль управління в процесі впровадження концепції сталого розвитку в усіх галузях життєдіяльності суспільства. Доводиться, що суспільні кризи, тобто диспропорції (дисбаланси, дисгармонії) системи сталого розвитку, – це проблеми виключно управління. Обґрунтовується необхідність звернення до філософського інструментарію для вирішення проблем, пов’язаних із управлінням в умовах сталого розвитку. Це визначається, зокрема, універсальним характером філософії та спрямуванням на розвиток повноцінної особистості і розвиток суспільних відносин, на основі відтворення її основних законів та принципів діалектики. На прикладі сучасних геополітичних та економічних криз обґрунтовується необхідність розробки та впровадження цілеспрямованої, продуманої управлінської політики, відсутність якої на даний час призводить до формування «суб’єкт-об’єктних» відносин, де суб’єктом можуть виступати «загарбники» наднаціонального рівня. Розглядаючи управління як процес реалізації владних відносин, автори зупиняються на особливостях примусу, спонукання та переконання як найбільш розповсюджених у світі методах, на яких базується управління. Їх дослідження дозволяє зробити висновок, що оптимальним методом управління, який може бути використаним для впровадження концепції сталого розвитку, є переконання. Обґрунтовується роль освіти як одного із чинників становлення «суб’єкт-суб’єктних» відносин, а також як концентрованої форми духовності, соціалізації і джерела формування суб’єктності як основи ефективного управління.The article is updated management role in the process of introducing the concept of sustainable development in all sectors of society. It is shown that the social crisis that imbalances (imbalance, disharmony) of sustainable development – a problem only – management. The necessity of an appeal to the philosophical tools for solving problems related to the management in terms of sustainable development. This is determined, in particular, its universal character and direction in the development of a complete personality and social development, based on the play of basic laws and principles of dialectics. For example, the current geopolitical and economic crises, the necessity of developing and implementing focused, deliberate management policy, the lack of which currently leads to a "subject - object " relationship where the subject can speak" invaders" supranational level. Considering management as the process of implementation of power relations, the authors stop on the features of coercion, inducement and persuasion as the world's most common methods underlying the administration. Their research suggests that the best method of control that can be used to introduce the concept of sustainable development is the belief. The role of education as a factor in the formation of "subject - subject" relationship, as well as a concentrated form of spirituality, socialization and sources of the formation of subjectivity as the basis for effective management.В статье актуализируется роль управления в процессе внедрения концепции устойчивого развития во всех сферах жизнедеятельности общества. Доказывается, что общественные кризисы, то есть диспропорции (дисбалансы, дисгармонии) системы устойчивого развития, – это проблемы исключительно управления. Обосновывается необходимость обращения к философскому инструментарию для решения проблем, связанных с управлением в условиях устойчивого развития. Это определяется, в частности, универсальным характером философии и направлением на развитие полноценной личности и развитие общественных отношений на основе воссоздания ее основных законов и принципов диалектики. На примере современных геополитических и экономических кризисов обосновывается необходимость разработки и внедрения целенаправленной, продуманной управленческой политики, отсутствие которой в настоящее время приводит к формированию «субъект - объектных» отношений, где субъектом могут выступать «захватчики» наднационального уровня. Рассматривая управление как процесс реализации властных отношений, авторы останавливаются на особенностях принуждения, побуждения и убеждения как наиболее распространенных в мире методах, на которых базируется управление. Исследование позволяет сделать вывод, что оптимальным методом управления, который может быть использован для внедрения концепции устойчивого развития, является убеждение. Обосновывается роль образования как одного из факторов становления «субъект - субъектных» отношений, а также как концентрированной формы духовности, социализации и источники формирования субъектности как основы эффективного управления

Biogenesis of the inner membrane complex is dependent on vesicular transport by the alveolate specific GTPase Rab11B

Apicomplexan parasites belong to a recently recognised group of protozoa referred to as Alveolata. These protists contain membranous sacs (alveoli) beneath the plasma membrane, termed the Inner Membrane Complex (IMC) in the case of Apicomplexa. During parasite replication the IMC is formed de novo within the mother cell in a process described as internal budding. We hypothesized that an alveolate specific factor is involved in the specific transport of vesicles from the Golgi to the IMC and identified the small GTPase Rab11B as an alveolate specific Rab-GTPase that localises to the growing end of the IMC during replication of Toxoplasma gondii. Conditional interference with Rab11B function leads to a profound defect in IMC biogenesis, indicating that Rab11B is required for the transport of Golgi derived vesicles to the nascent IMC of the daughter cell. Curiously, a block in IMC biogenesis did not affect formation of sub-pellicular microtubules, indicating that IMC biogenesis and formation of sub-pellicular microtubules is not mechanistically linked. We propose a model where Rab11B specifically transports vesicles derived from the Golgi to the immature IMC of the growing daughter parasites

Rab11A-controlled assembly of the inner membrane complex is required for completion of apicomplexan cytokinesis.

The final step during cell division is the separation of daughter cells, a process that requires the coordinated delivery and assembly of new membrane to the cleavage furrow. While most eukaryotic cells replicate by binary fission, replication of apicomplexan parasites involves the assembly of daughters (merozoites/tachyzoites) within the mother cell, using the so-called Inner Membrane Complex (IMC) as a scaffold. After de novo synthesis of the IMC and biogenesis or segregation of new organelles, daughters bud out of the mother cell to invade new host cells. Here, we demonstrate that the final step in parasite cell division involves delivery of new plasma membrane to the daughter cells, in a process requiring functional Rab11A. Importantly, Rab11A can be found in association with Myosin-Tail-Interacting-Protein (MTIP), also known as Myosin Light Chain 1 (MLC1), a member of a 4-protein motor complex called the glideosome that is known to be crucial for parasite invasion of host cells. Ablation of Rab11A function results in daughter parasites having an incompletely formed IMC that leads to a block at a late stage of cell division. A similar defect is observed upon inducible expression of a myosin A tail-only mutant. We propose a model where Rab11A-mediated vesicular traffic driven by an MTIP-Myosin motor is necessary for IMC maturation and to deliver new plasma membrane to daughter cells in order to complete cell division

Impact of concomitant aortic valve replacement in patients with mild-to-moderate aortic valve regurgitation undergoing left ventricular assist device implantation: EUROMACS analysis

Introduction: Left ventricular assist device (LVAD) therapy may lead to an aortic regurgitation, limiting left ventricular unloading and causing adverse events. Whether concomitant aortic valve replacement may improve outcomes in patients with preoperative mild-to-moderate aortic regurgitation remains unclear. Methods: A retrospective propensity score-matched analysis of adult patients with preoperative mild-to-moderate aortic regurgitation undergoing durable LVAD implantation between 01/01/2011 and 30/11/2021 was performed. Patients undergoing concomitant valve surgery other than biological aortic valve replacement were excluded, resulting in 77 with concomitant biological aortic valve replacement and 385 without. Results: Following 1:1 propensity score matching, two groups of 55 patients with and without biological aortic valve replacement were obtained, (mean age 59 ± 11 years, 92% male, 59.1% HeartWare). Aortic regurgitation was mild in 72.7% and 76.4% and moderate in 27.3% and 23.6% in non-replacement and replacement cohorts respectively. The 30-day survival was 89.1% vs. 85.5% (p = 0.59), 1-year survival 69.1% vs. 56.4% (p = 0.19), and 2-year survival 61.8% vs. 47.3% (p = 0.10) in the non-replacement and replacement groups, respectively. After a mean follow-up of 1.2 years, non-replacement patients had a higher incidence of pump thrombosis (11 [20%] vs. 3 [5.5%], p = 0.022) and fewer major bleedings (2 [3.6%] vs. 11 [20%], p = 0.008). Conclusion: Compared with those treated conservatively, patients with mild-to-moderate aortic regurgitation undergoing concomitant aortic valve replacement during LVAD implantation have a similar survival up to 2 years on support. Patients with concomitant valve replacement had a higher risk of bleeding complications but fewer pump thromboses

Star-forming early-type galaxies and quiescent late-type galaxies in the local Universe

Aims: The general consensus is that late-type galaxies undergo intense star-formation, activity while early-type galaxies are mostly inactive. We question this general rule and investigate the existence of star-forming early-type and quiescent late-type galaxies in the local Universe. By computing the physical properties of these galaxies and by using information on their structural properties as well as the density of their local environment, we seek to understand the differences from their `typical' counterparts. Methods: We made use of the multi-wavelength photometric data (from the ultraviolet to the sub-millimetre), for 2209 morphologically classified galaxies in the Galaxy And Mass Assembly survey. Furthermore, we separated the galaxies into subsets of star-forming and quiescent based on their dominant ionising process, making use of established criteria based on the WHα width and the [NII/Hα] ratio. Taking advantage of the spectral energy distribution fitting code CIGALE, we derived galaxy properties, such as the stellar mass, dust mass, and star-formation rate, and we also estimated the unattenuated and the dust-absorbed stellar emission, for both the young (≤200 Myr) and old (> 200 Myr) stellar populations. Results: We find that about 47% of E/S0 galaxies in our sample show ongoing star-formation activity and 8% of late-type galaxies are quiescent. The star-forming elliptical galaxies, together with the little blue spheroids, constitute a population that follows the star-forming main sequence of spiral galaxies very well. The fraction of the luminosity originating from young stars in the star-forming early-type galaxies is quite substantial (∼25%) and similar to that of the star-forming late-type galaxies. The stellar luminosity absorbed by the dust (and used to heat the dust grains) is highest in star-forming E/S0 galaxies (an average of 35%) followed by star-forming Sa-Scd galaxies (27%) with this fraction becoming significantly smaller for their quiescent analogues (6% and 16%, for E/S0 and Sa-Scd, respectively). Star-forming and quiescent E/S0 galaxies donate quite different fractions of their young stellar luminosities to heat up the dust grains (74% and 36%, respectively), while these fractions are very similar for star-forming and quiescent Sa-Scd galaxies (59% and 60%, respectively). Investigating possible differences between star-forming and quiescent galaxies, we find that the intrinsic (unattenuated) shape of the SED of the star-forming galaxies is, on average, very similar for all morphological types. Concerning their structural parameters, quiescent galaxies tend to show larger values of the r-band Sérsic index and larger effective radii (compared to star-forming galaxies). Finally, we find that star-forming galaxies preferably reside in lower density environments compared to the quiescent ones, which exhibit a higher percentage of sources being members of groups

Subcellular Location, Phosphorylation and Assembly into the Motor Complex of GAP45 during Plasmodium falciparum Schizont Development

An actomyosin motor complex assembled below the parasite's plasma membrane drives erythrocyte invasion by Plasmodium falciparum merozoites. The complex is comprised of several proteins including myosin (MyoA), myosin tail domain interacting protein (MTIP) and glideosome associated proteins (GAP) 45 and 50, and is anchored on the inner membrane complex (IMC), which underlies the plasmalemma. A ternary complex of MyoA, MTIP and GAP45 is formed that then associates with GAP50. We show that full length GAP45 labelled internally with GFP is assembled into the motor complex and transported to the developing IMC in early schizogony, where it accumulates during intracellular development until merozoite release. We show that GAP45 is phosphorylated by calcium dependent protein kinase 1 (CDPK1), and identify the modified serine residues. Replacing these serine residues with alanine or aspartate has no apparent effect on GAP45 assembly into the motor protein complex or its subcellular location in the parasite. The early assembly of the motor complex suggests that it has functions in addition to its role in erythrocyte invasion

Interpreting millimeter emission from IMEGIN galaxies NGC 2146 and NGC 2976

The millimeter continuum emission from galaxies provides important information about cold dust, its distribution, its heating, and its role in the interstellar medium (ISM). This emission also carries an unknown portion of the free-free and synchrotron radiation. The IRAM 30 m Guaranteed Time Large Project, Interpreting Millimeter Emission of Galaxies with IRAM and NIKA2 (IMEGIN) provides a unique opportunity to study the origin of the millimeter emission at angular resolutions of < 18′′ in a sample of nearby galaxies. As a pilot study, we present millimeter observations of two IMEGIN galaxies, NGC 2146 (starburst) and NGC 2976 (peculiar dwarf) at 1.15 mm and 2 mm. Combined with the data taken with the Spitzer, Herschel, Planck, WSRT, and the 100 m Effelsberg telescopes, we modeled the infrared-to-radio Spectral Energy Distribution (SED) of these galaxies, both globally and at resolved scales, using a Bayesian approach to (1) dissect different components of the millimeter emission, (2) investigate the physical properties of dust, and (3) explore the correlations between millimeter emission, gas, and star formation rate (SFR). We find that cold dust is responsible for most of the 1.15 mm emission in both galaxies and at 2 mm in NGC 2976. The free-free emission emits more importantly in NGC 2146 at 2 mm. The cold dust emissivity index is flatter in the dwarf galaxy (β = 1.3 ± 0.1) compared to the starburst galaxy (β = 1.7 ± 0.1). Mapping the dust-to-gas ratio, we find that it changes between 0.004 and 0.01 with a mean of 0.006 ± 0.001 in the dwarf galaxy. In addition, there is no global balance between the formation and dissociation of H2 in this galaxy. We find tight correlations between the millimeter emission and both the SFR and molecular gas mass in both galaxies

IAS/CEA Evolution of Dust in Nearby Galaxies (ICED): the spatially-resolved dust properties of NGC4254

We present the first preliminary results of the project \textit{ICED}, focusing on the face-on galaxy NGC4254. We use the millimetre maps observed with NIKA2 at IRAM-30m, as part of the IMEGIN Guaranteed Time Large Program, and of a wide collection of ancillary data (multi-wavelength photometry and gas phase spectral lines) that are publicly available. We derive the global and local properties of interstellar dust grains through infrared-to-radio spectral energy distribution fitting, using the hierarchical Bayesian code HerBIE, which includes the grain properties of the state-of-the-art dust model, THEMIS. Our method allows us to get the following dust parameters: dust mass, average interstellar radiation field, and fraction of small grains. Also, it is effective in retrieving the intrinsic correlations between dust parameters and interstellar medium properties. We find an evident anti-correlation between the interstellar radiation field and the fraction of small grains in the centre of NGC4254, meaning that, at strong radiation field intensities, very small amorphous carbon grains are efficiently destroyed by the ultra-violet photons coming from newly formed stars, through photo-desorption and sublimation. We observe a flattening of the anti-correlation at larger radial distances, which may be driven by the steep metallicity gradient measured in NGC4254.Comment: to appear in Proc. of the mm Universe 2023 conference, Grenoble (France), June 2023, published by F. Mayet et al. (Eds), EPJ Web of conferences, EDP Science