Perfil clínico e epidemiológico de indivíduos com suspeita de rinite alérgica na população de Roraima / Clinical and epidemiological profile of individuals with suspected allergic rhinitis in the Roraima population

Objetivo: Conhecer a prevalência de indivíduos adultos com suspeita de rinite alérgica (RA) em Roraima e as características clínico-epidemiológicas dos indivíduos identificados com sinais e sintomas da doença. Metodologia: Trata-se de um estudo de corte transversal, prospectivo e descritivo com obtenção de dados clínicos através da aplicação de um questionário adaptado e modificado do Internacional Study on Allergy and Asthma in Childhood (ISAAC). Os participantes do estudo (n=100) foram selecionados aleatoriamente no HEMOCENTRO da cidade de Boa Vista, Roraima, e divididos em grupos com ou sem sintomas alérgicos. Resultados: Observou-se considerável prevalência sintomas de RA entre os entrevistados, com um total de 48% (n=48) destes apresentando algum sintoma nasal nos últimos 12 meses na ausência de virose ou resfriado, destacando-se os espirros em sequência, 66,6% (n=32), obstrução nasal, 64,5% (n=31) e coriza hialina, 64,5% (n=31). Questionou-se sobre diagnóstico prévio de RA e 15% (n=15) dos participantes respondeu positivamente à indagação. Conclusão: Houve alta prevalência de sintomas sugestivos de RA entre os entrevistados, inclusive com importante prejuízo nas atividades da vida diária. Entretanto, houveram poucos indivíduos que afirmaram ter diagnóstico prévio da doença. São necessárias melhores políticas de saúde pública neste contexto, voltadas para detecção precoce de pacientes que possam beneficiar-se com o tratamento, contribuindo para melhora da qualidade de vida da população acometida pela doença

Análise do perfil epidemiológico do câncer de pele não melanoma no estado de Roraima no período de 2008 a 2014 / Analysis of the epidemiological profile of non-melanoma skin cancer in the state of Roraima in the period from 2008 to 2014

Objetivo: Analisar o perfil epidemiológico do câncer de pele não melanoma no estado de Roraima entre os anos de 2008 a 2014.Metodologia: A metodologia utilizada foi a análise de dados do Registro de Câncer de Base Populacional de Roraima. Foram incluídas nesta pesquisa as seguintes variáveis: tipo histológico, sexo, faixa etária, etnia/cor e ocupação. A classificação histológica Carcinoma Basocelular, Carcinoma Espinocelular e seus subtipos foram os critérios de inclusão. A amostra é composta pelos registros de 2008-2014. Foram analisados 557 sujeitos. Os dados foram submetidos a uma análise de frequência através do Microsoft Excel.Resultados: Os resultados encontrados foram a predominância do CBC (85%) sobre o CEC (15%). Analisando os resultados do CBC, as mulheres (54,21%) são mais afetadas do que os homens (45,78%), sendo que o CEC apresentou predominância oposta, 54,21% homens e 45,78% mulheres. Os CBC`s atingem mais os idosos e, especialmente, entre 50 e 79 anos (50%). Ambos os cânceres apresentam maior incidência em pessoas com mais de 60 anos de idade. Com relação à etnia/cor, houve predominância, tanto do CBC quanto do CEC em pacientes da cor parda, com resultado absoluto na comparação da população estudada, sendo de baixa acurácia devido à subnotificação das fichas dos pacientes.Conclusão: Conclui-se que o câncer de pele CBC (85%) é predominante; A população mais afetada é a feminina (52,95%); O CEC mostra uma predominância "masculina". Ambas as doenças atingem principalmente idosos e pessoas pardas. Devido à baixa notificação dos dados não foi possível definir um perfil de ocupação.

An Inherited Small Microdeletion at 15q13.3 in a Patient\ud with Early- Onset Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

Copy number variations (CNVs) have been previously associated with several different neurodevelopmental psychiatric\ud disorders, such as autism, schizophrenia, and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The present study consisted of\ud a pilot genome-wide screen for CNVs in a cohort of 16 patients with early-onset obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and\ud 12 mentally healthy individuals, using array-based comparative genomic hybridization (aCGH) on 44K arrays. A small rare\ud paternal inherited microdeletion (,64 kb) was identified in chromosome 15q13.3 of one male patient with very early onset\ud OCD. The father did not have OCD. The deletion encompassed part of the FMN1 gene, which is involved with the\ud glutamatergic system. This finding supports the hypothesis of a complex network of several genes expressed in the brain\ud contributing for the genetic risk of OCD, and also supports the glutamatergic involvement in OCD, which has been\ud previously reported in the literature.We wish to thank the patients and heathy controls who volunteered to participate in this study.This study was supported by grants to Dras Cappi and Brentani from the Foundation for Research Support of the State of São Paulo (FAPESP); grant number: 2008/11537-7, and from the Brazilian National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq; protocol number MCT/CNPq 14/2008). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript

ADUCANUMAB NO TRATAMENTO DA DOENÇA DE ALZHEIMER

Introduction: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a chronic pathology, characterized by progressive cognitive impairment and neurobehavioral changes. Common treatments for Alzheimer's disease are symptomatic in focus and have modest benefits. On June 7, 2021, the US regulatory agency Food And Drug Administration (FDA) approved the use of the drug Aducanumab. Objectives: to analyze the main studies about Aducanumab and its effectiveness in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. Materials and methods: This is an integrative review, in which the guiding question was "How effective is Aducanumab in the treatment of Alzheimer's?". The search for articles was carried out in the main databases (PubMed and Scielo) using the terms “Aducanumab”, “treatment” and “Alzheimer's”, combined by Boolean operators. Results and Discussion: Over the past 25 years, several Aβ-targeted drugs have failed to demonstrate clinical efficacy in trials, including five anti-Aβ antibodies: bapineuzumab, solanezumab, crenezumab, ponezumab, and gantenerumab. Aducanumab is part of a new generation of anti-Aβ monoclonal antibodies that specifically target Aβ aggregates. Monoclonal antibodies against Aβ as a class statistically improved cognition by a small effect size and strongly decreased brain amyloid burden and p181-tau in cerebrospinal fluid suggesting some degree of disease modification, at the expense of increased risk of imaging abnormalities related to amyloid. Aducanumab has produced promising clinical and biomarker results. Conclusion: Despite the controversy, it is clear that Aducanumab significantly reduces Aβ in the brain, one of the hallmarks of AD. Furthermore, the results also showed that Aducanumab decreases brain levels of tau.Introducción: La enfermedad de Alzheimer (EA) es una patología crónica, caracterizada por deterioro cognitivo progresivo y cambios neuroconductuales. Los tratamientos comunes para la enfermedad de Alzheimer tienen un enfoque sintomático y tienen beneficios modestos. El 7 de junio de 2021, la agencia reguladora estadounidense Food And Drug Administration (FDA) aprobó el uso del fármaco Aducanumab. Objetivos: analizar los principales estudios sobre Aducanumab y su efectividad en el tratamiento de la enfermedad de Alzheimer. Materiales y métodos: Se trata de una revisión integradora, en la que la pregunta orientadora fue "¿Qué tan efectivo es Aducanumab en el tratamiento del Alzheimer?". La búsqueda de artículos se realizó en las principales bases de datos (PubMed y Scielo) utilizando los términos “Aducanumab”, “tratamiento” y “Alzheimer's”, combinados por operadores booleanos. Resultados y discusión: En los últimos 25 años, varios medicamentos dirigidos contra Aβ no lograron demostrar eficacia clínica en ensayos, incluidos cinco anticuerpos anti-Aβ: bapineuzumab, solanezumab, crenezumab, ponezumab y gantenerumab. Aducanumab es parte de una nueva generación de anticuerpos monoclonales anti-Aβ que se dirigen específicamente a los agregados de Aβ. Los anticuerpos monoclonales contra Aβ como clase mejoraron estadísticamente la cognición por un tamaño de efecto pequeño y disminuyeron fuertemente la carga de amiloide cerebral y p181-tau en el líquido cefalorraquídeo, lo que sugiere cierto grado de modificación de la enfermedad, a expensas de un mayor riesgo de anomalías en las imágenes relacionadas con el amiloide. Aducanumab ha producido resultados clínicos y de biomarcadores prometedores.Introdução: A doença de Alzheimer (DA) é uma patologia crônica, caracterizada por comprometimento cognitivo progressivo e alterações neurocomportamentais. Os tratamentos comuns contra a doença de Alzheimer possuem foco sintomático e apresentam benefícios modestos. Em 7 de junho de 2021, a agência reguladora norte-americana Food And Drug Administration (FDA) aprovou o uso do medicamento Aducanumab. Objetivos: analisar a eficácia do medicamento Aducanumab no tratamento do Alzheimer. Materiais e métodos: Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa, a questão norteadora foi “Qual a eficácia do Aducanumab no tratamento de Alzheimer?”. A busca pelos artigos ocorreu nas principais bases de dados a partir dos termos “Aducanumab”, “treatment” e “Alzheimer”, combinados entre si por operadores booleanos. Resultados e discussão: Nos últimos 25 anos, vários medicamentos direcionados ao Aβ não demonstraram eficácia clínica em ensaios, incluindo cinco anticorpos anti-Aβ: bapineuzumabe, solanezumabe, crenezumabe, ponezumabe e gantenerumabe. O aducanumab faz parte de uma nova geração de anticorpos monoclonais anti-Aβ que visam especificamente os agregados Aβ. Os anticorpos monoclonais contra Aβ como uma classe melhoraram estatisticamente a cognição por um tamanho de efeito pequeno e diminuíram fortemente a carga amiloide cerebral e p181-tau no líquido cefalorraquidiano sugerindo algum grau de modificação da doença, às custas de aumentar o risco de anormalidades de imagem relacionadas à amiloide. O Aducanumab produziu os resultados clínicos e biomarcadores promissores. Conclusão: Apesar da controvérsia, está claro que o Aducanumab reduz significativamente a Aβ no cérebro, uma das características da DA. Além disso, os resultados também mostraram que o Aducanumab diminui os níveis cerebrais de tau.Introdução: A doença de Alzheimer (DA) é uma patologia crônica, caracterizada por comprometimento cognitivo progressivo e alterações neurocomportamentais. Os tratamentos comuns contra a doença de Alzheimer possuem foco sintomático e apresentam benefícios modestos. Em 7 de junho de 2021, a agência reguladora norte-americana Food And Drug Administration (FDA) aprovou o uso do medicamento Aducanumab. Objetivos: analisar a eficácia do medicamento Aducanumab no tratamento do Alzheimer. Materiais e métodos: Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa, a questão norteadora foi “Qual a eficácia do Aducanumab no tratamento de Alzheimer?”. A busca pelos artigos ocorreu nas principais bases de dados a partir dos termos “Aducanumab”, “treatment” e “Alzheimer”, combinados entre si por operadores booleanos. Resultados e discussão: Nos últimos 25 anos, vários medicamentos direcionados ao Aβ não demonstraram eficácia clínica em ensaios, incluindo cinco anticorpos anti-Aβ: bapineuzumabe, solanezumabe, crenezumabe, ponezumabe e gantenerumabe. O aducanumab faz parte de uma nova geração de anticorpos monoclonais anti-Aβ que visam especificamente os agregados Aβ. Os anticorpos monoclonais contra Aβ como uma classe melhoraram estatisticamente a cognição por um tamanho de efeito pequeno e diminuíram fortemente a carga amiloide cerebral e p181-tau no líquido cefalorraquidiano sugerindo algum grau de modificação da doença, às custas de aumentar o risco de anormalidades de imagem relacionadas à amiloide. O Aducanumab produziu os resultados clínicos e biomarcadores promissores. Conclusão: Apesar da controvérsia, está claro que o Aducanumab reduz significativamente a Aβ no cérebro, uma das características da DA. Além disso, os resultados também mostraram que o Aducanumab diminui os níveis cerebrais de tau

ATLANTIC EPIPHYTES: a data set of vascular and non-vascular epiphyte plants and lichens from the Atlantic Forest

Epiphytes are hyper-diverse and one of the frequently undervalued life forms in plant surveys and biodiversity inventories. Epiphytes of the Atlantic Forest, one of the most endangered ecosystems in the world, have high endemism and radiated recently in the Pliocene. We aimed to (1) compile an extensive Atlantic Forest data set on vascular, non-vascular plants (including hemiepiphytes), and lichen epiphyte species occurrence and abundance; (2) describe the epiphyte distribution in the Atlantic Forest, in order to indicate future sampling efforts. Our work presents the first epiphyte data set with information on abundance and occurrence of epiphyte phorophyte species. All data compiled here come from three main sources provided by the authors: published sources (comprising peer-reviewed articles, books, and theses), unpublished data, and herbarium data. We compiled a data set composed of 2,095 species, from 89,270 holo/hemiepiphyte records, in the Atlantic Forest of Brazil, Argentina, Paraguay, and Uruguay, recorded from 1824 to early 2018. Most of the records were from qualitative data (occurrence only, 88%), well distributed throughout the Atlantic Forest. For quantitative records, the most common sampling method was individual trees (71%), followed by plot sampling (19%), and transect sampling (10%). Angiosperms (81%) were the most frequently registered group, and Bromeliaceae and Orchidaceae were the families with the greatest number of records (27,272 and 21,945, respectively). Ferns and Lycophytes presented fewer records than Angiosperms, and Polypodiaceae were the most recorded family, and more concentrated in the Southern and Southeastern regions. Data on non-vascular plants and lichens were scarce, with a few disjunct records concentrated in the Northeastern region of the Atlantic Forest. For all non-vascular plant records, Lejeuneaceae, a family of liverworts, was the most recorded family. We hope that our effort to organize scattered epiphyte data help advance the knowledge of epiphyte ecology, as well as our understanding of macroecological and biogeographical patterns in the Atlantic Forest. No copyright restrictions are associated with the data set. Please cite this Ecology Data Paper if the data are used in publication and teaching events. © 2019 The Authors. Ecology © 2019 The Ecological Society of Americ

Multidifferential study of identified charged hadron distributions in ZZ-tagged jets in proton-proton collisions at s=\sqrt{s}=13 TeV

Jet fragmentation functions are measured for the first time in proton-proton collisions for charged pions, kaons, and protons within jets recoiling against a $Z$ boson. The charged-hadron distributions are studied longitudinally and transversely to the jet direction for jets with transverse momentum 20 $< p_{\textrm{T}} < 100$ GeV and in the pseudorapidity range $2.5 < \eta < 4$. The data sample was collected with the LHCb experiment at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 1.64 fb$^{-1}$. Triple differential distributions as a function of the hadron longitudinal momentum fraction, hadron transverse momentum, and jet transverse momentum are also measured for the first time. This helps constrain transverse-momentum-dependent fragmentation functions. Differences in the shapes and magnitudes of the measured distributions for the different hadron species provide insights into the hadronization process for jets predominantly initiated by light quarks.Comment: All figures and tables, along with machine-readable versions and any supplementary material and additional information, are available at https://cern.ch/lhcbproject/Publications/p/LHCb-PAPER-2022-013.html (LHCb public pages

Study of the B−→Λc+Λˉc−K−B^{-} \to \Lambda_{c}^{+} \bar{\Lambda}_{c}^{-} K^{-} decay

The decay $B^{-} \to \Lambda_{c}^{+} \bar{\Lambda}_{c}^{-} K^{-}$ is studied in proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of $\sqrt{s}=13$ TeV using data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 5 $\mathrm{fb}^{-1}$ collected by the LHCb experiment. In the $\Lambda_{c}^+ K^{-}$ system, the $\Xi_{c}(2930)^{0}$ state observed at the BaBar and Belle experiments is resolved into two narrower states, $\Xi_{c}(2923)^{0}$ and $\Xi_{c}(2939)^{0}$, whose masses and widths are measured to be $$m(\Xi_{c}(2923)^{0}) = 2924.5 \pm 0.4 \pm 1.1 \,\mathrm{MeV}, \\ m(\Xi_{c}(2939)^{0}) = 2938.5 \pm 0.9 \pm 2.3 \,\mathrm{MeV}, \\ \Gamma(\Xi_{c}(2923)^{0}) = \phantom{000}4.8 \pm 0.9 \pm 1.5 \,\mathrm{MeV},\\ \Gamma(\Xi_{c}(2939)^{0}) = \phantom{00}11.0 \pm 1.9 \pm 7.5 \,\mathrm{MeV},$$ where the first uncertainties are statistical and the second systematic. The results are consistent with a previous LHCb measurement using a prompt $\Lambda_{c}^{+} K^{-}$ sample. Evidence of a new $\Xi_{c}(2880)^{0}$ state is found with a local significance of $3.8\,\sigma$, whose mass and width are measured to be $2881.8 \pm 3.1 \pm 8.5\,\mathrm{MeV}$ and $12.4 \pm 5.3 \pm 5.8 \,\mathrm{MeV}$, respectively. In addition, evidence of a new decay mode $\Xi_{c}(2790)^{0} \to \Lambda_{c}^{+} K^{-}$ is found with a significance of $3.7\,\sigma$. The relative branching fraction of $B^{-} \to \Lambda_{c}^{+} \bar{\Lambda}_{c}^{-} K^{-}$ with respect to the $B^{-} \to D^{+} D^{-} K^{-}$ decay is measured to be $2.36 \pm 0.11 \pm 0.22 \pm 0.25$, where the first uncertainty is statistical, the second systematic and the third originates from the branching fractions of charm hadron decays.Comment: All figures and tables, along with any supplementary material and additional information, are available at https://cern.ch/lhcbproject/Publications/p/LHCb-PAPER-2022-028.html (LHCb public pages

Measurement of the ratios of branching fractions R(D∗)\mathcal{R}(D^{*}) and R(D0)\mathcal{R}(D^{0})

The ratios of branching fractions $\mathcal{R}(D^{*})\equiv\mathcal{B}(\bar{B}\to D^{*}\tau^{-}\bar{\nu}_{\tau})/\mathcal{B}(\bar{B}\to D^{*}\mu^{-}\bar{\nu}_{\mu})$ and $\mathcal{R}(D^{0})\equiv\mathcal{B}(B^{-}\to D^{0}\tau^{-}\bar{\nu}_{\tau})/\mathcal{B}(B^{-}\to D^{0}\mu^{-}\bar{\nu}_{\mu})$ are measured, assuming isospin symmetry, using a sample of proton-proton collision data corresponding to 3.0 fb${ }^{-1}$ of integrated luminosity recorded by the LHCb experiment during 2011 and 2012. The tau lepton is identified in the decay mode $\tau^{-}\to\mu^{-}\nu_{\tau}\bar{\nu}_{\mu}$. The measured values are $\mathcal{R}(D^{*})=0.281\pm0.018\pm0.024$ and $\mathcal{R}(D^{0})=0.441\pm0.060\pm0.066$, where the first uncertainty is statistical and the second is systematic. The correlation between these measurements is $\rho=-0.43$. Results are consistent with the current average of these quantities and are at a combined 1.9 standard deviations from the predictions based on lepton flavor universality in the Standard Model.Comment: All figures and tables, along with any supplementary material and additional information, are available at https://cern.ch/lhcbproject/Publications/p/LHCb-PAPER-2022-039.html (LHCb public pages

Creatinine as a metabolic marker to estimate urinary volume in growing goats

The objectives of this study were to: (1) quantify the relationship between fasting body weight (FBW, kg) and urinary creatinine excretion (UCE, mg/d) in Boer goats; (2) evaluate the urinary volume estimates obtained from creatinine concentrations in the spot samples collected at different time points; (3) compare them with the 24-h observed urine volume. Thirty growing Boer goats (18 ± 2.2 kg initial BW) were distributed in a complete randomized design. Each collection period fell on 2 consecutive days and collector funnels were used. Spot samples were collected at 0, 4, and 8 h after morning feedings. These procedures were repeated in three runs 25 days apart to obtain different FBWs. All the samples were analyzed to quantify creatinine concentrations. The relationship between UCE and FBW was established by the following equations: UCE = 17.39 x FBW, r^2 = 0.96, P 0.05). Thus both linear and allometric relationships can be used to predict UCE. The spot samples obtained at 4 h after feeding could be used to estimate urinary volume (P < 0.05) instead of at 0 or 8 h. We conclude that UCE can be a metabolic marker to the estimate urinary volume of goats when calculated according to FBW with linear or allometric mathematical relationships