30 research outputs found
Sensorimotor supremacy: Investigating conscious and unconscious vision by masked priming
According to the sensorimotor supremacy hypothesis, conscious perception draws on
motor action. In the present report, we will sketch two lines of potential
development in the field of masking research based on the sensorimotor supremacy
hypothesis. In the first part of the report, evidence is reviewed that masked,
invisible stimuli can affect motor responses, attention shifts, and semantic
processes. After the review of the corresponding evidence â so-called masked
priming effects â an approach based on the sensorimotor supremacy hypothesis is
detailed as to how the question of a unitary mechanism of unconscious vision can
be pursued by masked priming studies. In the second part of the report,
different models and theories of backward masking and masked priming are
reviewed. Types of models based on the sensorimotor hypothesis are discussed
that can take into account ways in which sensorimotor processes (reflected in
masked priming effects) can affect conscious vision under backward masking
conditions
Sicherung von DĂ€mmen, Deichen und Stauanlagen : Handbuch fĂŒr Theorie und Praxis ; Vol. V - 2015
Die UniversitĂ€t Siegen beschĂ€ftigt sich seit ĂŒber 15 Jahren wissenschaftlich und im Bereich der anwendungsorientierten Forschung mit diesem Thema und hat dazu mittlerweile fĂŒnf Symposien durchgefĂŒhrt.
Mit der Veröffentlichung soll die langjĂ€hrige Tradition als etablierte wissenschaftliche Plattform mit einem Wissensaustausch auf europĂ€ischer Ebene fortgesetzt werden. Die Bearbeitung dieser Thematik erfolgt auf der Basis der bewĂ€hrten Kooperation zwischen Geotechnik und Wasserbau an der UniversitĂ€t Siegen. Aktuelle Ereignisse, wie z.B. die aus England oder Australien im Februar des Jahres 2014, machen uns aber auch deutlich, dass ein absoluter Schutz gegen Extremereignisse nicht möglich ist. Sie zeigen aber auch, dass dort wo technischer Hochwasserschutz konsequent umgesetzt wurde SchĂ€den vermieden werden konnten. Wir sind nach den Ereignissen in den vergangenen Jahren aufgefordert wissenschaftlich noch leistungsfĂ€higere und duktilere Systeme zu entwickeln. Weiter ist die Wissenschaft in der Pflicht, die Zivile Sicherheit im Hochwasser-schutz permanent zu bewerten, zu bearbeiten und ganzheitliche-interdisziplinĂ€re und lĂ€nderĂŒbergreifende Lösungen fĂŒr die Zivilgesellschaft einzufordern
Landscape and Health: Connecting Psychology, Aesthetics, and Philosophy through the Concept of Affordance
In this paper we address a frontier topic in the humanities, namely how the cultural and natural construction that we call landscape affects well-being and health. Following an updated review of evidence-based literature in the fields of medicine, psychology, and architecture, we propose a new theoretical framework called "processual landscape," which is able to explain both the health-landscape and the medical agency-structure binomial pairs. We provide a twofold analysis of landscape, from both the cultural and naturalist points of view: in order to take into account its relationship with health, the definition of landscape as a cultural product needs to be broadened through naturalization, grounding it in the scientific domain. Landscape cannot be distinguished from the ecological environment. For this reason, we naturalize the idea of landscape through the notion of affordance and Gibson's ecological psychology. In doing so, we stress the role of agency in the theory of perception and the health-landscape relationship. Since it is the result of continuous and co-creational interaction between the cultural agent, the biological agent and the affordances offered to the landscape perceiver, the processual landscape is, in our opinion, the most comprehensive framework for explaining the health-landscape relationship. The consequences of our framework are not only theoretical, but ethical also: insofar as health is greatly affected by landscape, this construction represents something more than just part of our heritage or a place to be preserved for the aesthetic pleasure it provides. Rather, we can talk about the right to landscape as something intrinsically linked to the well-being of present and future generations