Características cualitativas de los frutos de diferentes variedades de durazneros y nectarinas de bajos requerimientos de frío en la región centro -este de la provincia de Santa Fe

Se describen las características del fruto de los durazneros (Early grande, Flordaprince, Flordaking, Flordastar, San Pedro, Hermosillo, TropicSnow, Don Augustín, Fla91- 8c, Jubileo, Aurora, Opodepe, Maciel, Marfin, Rojo 2 y Sunwright) y de las nectarinas (Nect. 29, Nect. 22, Lara, Nect. 24 y Carolina), de bajos requerimientos de frío cultivados en la región centro-este de la provincia de Santa Fe. También se analizó la influencia de la carga de frutos sobre diferentes características físicas del fruto de duraznero. Se determinó peso, diámetro y color del epicarpio (porcentaje de rojo, L*, a*, b*, C y h). La variedad influyó significativamente sobre todos los parámetros externos evaluados. Para la variable peso se registraron valores comprendidos entre 185,5 y 63,0 g, mientras que para la variable diámetro entre 72 y 48 mm. Para muchas de las variedades evaluadas no se observó el mismo orden en la distribución entre el peso y diámetro. La carga de frutos afectó significativamente el peso y el diámetro de los frutos, aunque también hubo un efecto significativo de la variedad y una interacción significativa entre estos dos factores. La carga de frutos no afectó a los parámetros relacionados con el color del epicarpio.EEA Valle InferiorFil: Neffen, Evelyn. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Valle Inferior; Argentin

Allergen immunotherapy on the way to product-based evaluation - a WAO statement

Allergen immunotherapy (AIT) is widely used in clinical practice for patients with moderate to severe allergic rhinitis due to inhalant allergens and may be delivered via subcutaneous (SCIT) and sublingual routes (SLIT). However, the quality of evidence for individual AIT products is very heterogeneous, and extensions of overall conclusions ("class effects") on the efficacy and disease-modifying effects to all AIT products are unjustified. In contrast, each product needs to be evaluated individually, based on available study results, to justify efficacy and specific claims on sustained and disease modifying effects per allergen and targeted patient group (children vs. adults, allergic rhinitis vs. asthma). WAO intends to support the current development to evidence-based AIT, which ultimately will lead to a more efficacious treatment of allergic patients and the appropriate recognition of AIT

Estudio de comportamiento del riego por surco en Maiz en el Valle Inferior de Río Negro bajo dos alternativas de manejo.

La sistematización del valle determina que más del 90% del riego sea de forma gravitacional, existiendo 22000 ha bajo riego. Diversos autores estiman bajas eficiencias de riego para el valle inferior de Río Negro. El objetivo del trabajo es estudiar y comparar la dinámica del agua para dos alternativas de manejo de riego por surco, cuantificando eficiencias de aplicación (Efa), uniformidad de distribución (Efd) y rendimiento del cultivo, además de estimar la potencial mejora de los indicadores de desempeño. El ensayo se realizó (40° 47´ S; 63° 03´ O) sobre un cultivo de maíz (Zea mays L.), los tratamientos fueron riego por surco tradicional (T1) y riego por surco alterno (T2). Se utilizó el software WinSRFR para estimar eficiencias de aplicación potenciales. Los resultados preliminares muestran una lámina aplicada, del orden de los 1140 mm mediante 11 riegos. Los rendimientos no mostraron diferencias significativas entre tratamientos. Se observó que los tiempos de avance eran mayores en T1 que en T2, sin embargo solo se encontraron diferencias significativas en 2 de los 11 riegos. La Efa promedio fue del 70% en ambos tratamientos, y, de acuerdo al modelo WinSRFR, la eficiencia de aplicación podría mejorarse un15% con cambios en el manejo.The systematization of the valley determines that more than 90% of the irrigation are of gravitational form, existing 22000 ha under irrigation. Several authors estimate low irrigation efficiencies for the Valle inferior de Río Negro. The aim of this study is to evaluate and compare water dynamics for two furrow irrigation alternatives, quantify application efficiency (Efa), distribution efficiency (Efd) and crop yield, as well as estimating the potential performance indicators of gravitational irrigation. The experiment was performed (40 ° 47'S; 63 ° 03'O) on a Maize (Zea mays L.) crop, the treatments were irrigation traditional furrow (T1) and irrigation alternate furrow (T2). The WinSRFR software was used to estimate potential application efficiencies. The preliminary results show an applied water lamina, the order of 1140 mm for 11 irrigations. Yields did not show significant differences between treatments. It was observed that the advancement times were higher in T1 than in T2, however, only significant differences found in 2 of the 11 irrigations. The mean Efa was 70% in both treatments, and according to the WinSRFR model, the application efficiency could be improved in a15% with changes in management.EEA Valle InferiorFil: Neffen, Evelyn. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Valle Inferior Convenio Pcia RN-INTA; ArgentinaFil: Martinez, Roberto Simon. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Valle Inferior Convenio Pcia RN-INTA; ArgentinaFil: Reinoso, Lucio. Universidad Nacional de Río Negro. Sede Atlántica; ArgentinaFil: Zelmer, Hernán Rubén. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Valle Inferior Convenio Pcia RN-INTA; Argentin

Conductividad eléctrica aparente como herramienta para identificar ambientes edáficos en Rio Negro

PosterEl conocimiento de la variabilidad espacial y temporal es fundamental para realizar un uso racional del suelo, la Agricultura de presión (AP) utiliza múltiples herramientas para determinar zonas de manejo homogéneo (ZM), una de ellas es la medición geo-referenciada de la conductividad eléctrica aparente (CEa).EEA Valle InferiorFil: Neffen, Evelyn María. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Valle Inferior; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Río Negro. Sede Atlántica; ArgentinaFil: Zelmer, Hernán Rubén. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Valle Inferior; Argentina. Universidad Nacional del Comahue; ArgentinaFil: Quichán, Sergio. Universidad Nacional de Río Negro. Sede Atlántica; ArgentinaFil: Reinoso, Lucio Gabriel. Universidad Nacional de Río Negro. Sede Atlántica; ArgentinaFil: Martinez, Roberto Simón. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Valle Inferior; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Río Negro. Sede Atlántica; Argentin

El maíz bajo riego como insumo en productores de granja del VIRN. Importancia del manejo del riego y nutrición del cultivo

El riego gravitacional representa el 95% de la superficie bajo riego en el valle inferior de Río Negro. Diversos estudios locales estiman una baja eficiencia de riego para este sistema (˂40). (Lui et al., 2012). Diversas razones sostienen la práctica de riego por superficie, principalmente la sistematización del riego en el valle, los saberes culturales vinculados al territorio, el bajo costo de inversión y la posibilidad de lixiviar las sales del perfil (Martinez et al., 2016). Por lo cual es importante desarrollar alternativas de riego que permitan un manejo eficiente del agua y la conservación del recurso suelo, y sean fáciles de operar en la práctica.EEA Valle InferiorFil: Neffen, Evelyn Maria. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Valle Inferior; ArgentinaFil: Dilschneider, Ricardo. Cooperativa San Javier; ArgentinaFil: D' Onofrio, Mariano Sebastian. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Valle Inferior; ArgentinaFil: Zelmer, Hernán. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Valle Inferio.; ArgentinaFil: Bueno, Jorge Luis. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Valle Inferior; ArgentinaFil: Muzi, Enrique. INTA . Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Valle Inferior; ArgentinaFil: Reinoso, Lucio. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Valle Inferior; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Rio Negro. Sede Atlántica; ArgentinaFil: Tinture Torrado, Cintia Beatriz. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Valle Inferior; ArgentinaFil: Musi Saluj, Cristiàn Alí. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Valle Inferior; ArgentinaFil: Martinez, Roberto Simon. INTA Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Valle.Inferior; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Rio Negro. Sede Atlántica; Argentin

Predictors of repeated acute hospital attendance for asthma in children: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND: Asthma attacks are common and have significant physical, psychological, and financial consequences. Improving the assessment of a child's risk of subsequent asthma attacks could support front-line clinicians' decisions on augmenting chronic treatment or specialist referral. We aimed to identify predictors for emergency department (ED) or hospital readmission for asthma from the published literature. METHODS: We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, AMED, PsycINFO, and CINAHL with no language, location, or time restrictions. We retrieved observational studies and randomized controlled trials (RCT) assessing factors (personal and family history, and biomarkers) associated with the risk of ED re-attendance or hospital readmission for acute childhood asthma. RESULTS: Three RCTs and 33 observational studies were included, 31 from Anglophone countries and none from Asia or Africa. There was an unclear or high risk of bias in 14 of the studies, including 2 of the RCTs. Previous history of emergency or hospital admissions for asthma, younger age, African-American ethnicity, and low socioeconomic status increased risk of subsequent ED and hospital readmissions for acute asthma. Female sex and concomitant allergic diseases also predicted hospital readmission. CONCLUSION: Despite the global importance of this issue, there are relatively few high quality studies or studies from outside North America. Factors other than symptoms are associated with the risk of emergency re-attendance for acute asthma among children. Further research is required to better quantify the risk of future attacks and to assess the role of commonly used biomarkers

Educational and decision-support tools for asthma-management guideline implementation

Many international and national asthma guidelines are now available in large parts of the world, but they are not yet implemented appropriately. There is a gap between scientific evidence-based medicine and real clinical practice. Implementation of guidelines is highly complex. Special strategies are needed to encourage guideline-based, high-quality care. It is important to understand the contents, the format, and the learning strategies which physicians prefer for the dissemination of guidelines. Physicians prefer more concise and immediately available guidelines that are practical to use. Thus, asthma guidelines should be disseminated as convenient and easily accessible tools. Various education programs and decision-support tools have been designed and applied to the clinical management of asthma to solve these challenging problems. Many of them have been shown to be effective at increasing physicians' knowledge and adherence to asthma guidelines and improving patients' clinical outcomes. These educational and decision-support tools are expected to contribute to a narrowing of the gap between asthma guidelines and practice/implementation of the guidelines

A Community Study of Factors Related to Poorly Controlled Asthma among Brazilian Urban Children

BACKGROUND: Asthma constitutes a serious public health problem in many regions of the world, including the city of Salvador, State of Bahia-Brazil. The purpose of this study was to analyse the factors associated with poor asthma control. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: Two definitions were used for asthma: 1) wheezing in the last 12 months; 2) wheezing in the last 12 months plus other asthma symptoms or asthma diagnosis ever. The definition of poorly controlled asthma was: at least one reported hospitalisation due to asthma and/or high frequency of symptoms, in the last year. Children with poorly controlled asthma (N = 187/374) were compared with wheezing children with controlled asthma regarding age, gender, atopy, parental asthma, rhinitis, eczema, exposure to second hand tobacco smoke, presence of moulds, pets and pests in the house, helminth infections and body mass index. Crude and logistic regression adjusted odds ratios were used as measures of association. There was a higher proportion of poorly controlled asthma among children with eczema (OR = 1.55; 95% CI 1.02; 2.37). The strength of the association was greater among children with eczema and rhinitis (42.6%, 53.4% and 57.7%, respectively, in children who had no rhinitis nor eczema, had only one of those, and had both (p = 0.02 for trend test). The presence of mould in the houses was inversely associated with poorly controlled asthma (OR = 0.54; 95% CI 0.34; 0.87). CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: Our results indicate an association between eczema and poor asthma control in this environment, but emphasize the role of various other individual and environmental factors as determinants of poor control