Dimensional Crossover in the Effective Second Harmonic Generation of Films of Random Dielectrics

The effective nonlinear response of films of random composites consisting of a binary composite with nonlinear particles randomly embedded in a linear host is theoretically and numerically studied. A theoretical expression for the effective second harmonic generation susceptibility, incorporating the thickness of the film, is obtained by combining a modified effective-medium approximation with the general expression for the effective second harmonic generation susceptibility in a composite. The validity of the thoretical results is tested against results obtained by numerical simulations on random resistor networks. Numerical results are found to be well described by our theory. The result implies that the effective-medium approximation provides a convenient way for the estimation of the nonlinear response in films of random dielectrics.Comment: 9 pages, 2 figures; accepted for publication in Phys. Rev.

Living in a Mixing Neighborhood: Reflexive Coexistence and the Discourse of Separation

Between Mount Carmel and the Mediterranean Sea lies a city that has been called “the mother of strangers” and “a mixed city.” It is also known as “a city of coexistence,” in contrast to the wider social context of ethno-national separation in Israel. The residents of Haifa, however, live mostly in separate, homogenous neighborhoods. Only a minority of its inhabitants live in a heterogeneous social setting among members of other ethno-national groups. Hadar, one of Haifa’s most diverse neighborhoods, is where I conducted four years of ethnographic research for this dissertation. Surrounded by Hadar's residents, who endeavor to make sense of living with their Other(s), I studied the various practices they use to bridge the gap between their experience of living in a mixing social environment and the deepening discourse of separation in Israel. My main finding is that being subjected to these contradictory social forces induces practices of reflexivity that open a variety of paths to bridge this gap: from working to eliminate social diversity, to legitimizing acceptance of the gap and its virtues, and to imagining an alternative discourse. The dissertation introduces the concept of “Reflexive Coexistence” to academic and public discussions of mixed cities. This concept is developed by presenting and analyzing the different forms it may take: in practices of representing past experiences of coexistence, in everyday interactions between Hadar's residents, who have diverse senses of belonging to their neighborhood, and in residents’ future-oriented political activism and artistic projects. Particularly in light of deepening practices of separation between Jews and Arabs in Israel, learning from the social dynamics of mixing social settings can offer public and academic discussions new, counter-hegemonic ideas for a more hopeful future.PHDAnthropologyUniversity of Michigan, Horace H. Rackham School of Graduate Studieshttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/137116/1/regev_1.pd

Janelas da cultura local: abrindo oportunidades para inclusão digital

Apresenta o quadro teórico e metodológico da pesquisa Janelas da Cultura Local, em desenvolvimento pelo Grupo de Pesquisa Informação e inclusão social, certificado pelo Instituto Brasileiro de Informação em Ciência e Tecnologia, com apoio do Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico e em parceria com a Secretaria Municipal de Educação de Quissamã, RJ. O objetivo é promover, de forma participativa, ações de informação no sentido da inclusão digital. As premissas do projeto ― a informação como força de transformação, a responsabilidade social da Ciência da Informação e a sua relação intrínseca com a tecnologia da informação ― se manifestam na proposta de desenvolvimento de competências para produção e comunicação digital da informação, contribuindo para dotar os participantes de elementos de mediação entre a cultura local e a cultura global. O campo empírico é a Escola Maria Ilka, no bairro de Santa Catarina, onde os professores estão produzindo do sítio virtual da cultura local, em consonância com o projeto político-pedagógico e a programação da Escola

#NiUnaMenos en Argentina : Activismo digital y estrategias feministas contra la violencia hacia las mujeres

Un análisis de las principales estrategias digitales llevadas a cabo para la organización de la movilización nacional NiUnaMenos de 2015 en Argentina. Una genealogía de las acciones del movimiento feminista contra la violencia hacia las mujeres en el país.Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educació

Correction of T-Cell Repertoire and Autoimmune Diabetes in NOD Mice by Non-myeloablative T-Cell Depleted Allogeneic HSCT

The induction of partial tolerance toward pancreatic autoantigens in the treatment of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) can be attained by autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). However, most patients treated by autologous HSCT eventually relapse. Furthermore, allogeneic HSCT which could potentially provide a durable non-autoimmune T-cell receptor (TCR) repertoire is associated with a substantial risk for transplant-related mortality. We have previously demonstrated an effective approach for attaining engraftment without graft versus host disease (GVHD) of allogeneic T-cell depleted HSCT, following non-myeloablative conditioning, using donor-derived anti-3rd party central memory CD8 veto T cells (Tcm). In the present study, we investigated the ability of this relatively safe transplant modality to eliminate autoimmune T-cell clones in the NOD mouse model which spontaneously develop T1DM. Our results demonstrate that using this approach, marked durable chimerism is attained, without any transplant-related mortality, and with a very high rate of diabetes prevention. TCR sequencing of transplanted mice showed profound changes in the T-cell repertoire and decrease in the prevalence of specific autoimmune T-cell clones directed against pancreatic antigens. This approach could be considered as strategy to treat people destined to develop T1DM but with residual beta cell function, or as a platform for prevention of beta cell destruction after transplantation of allogenic beta cells

Space + narrative computing for the village of Al Araqib

Thesis: S.M., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Architecture, May, 2020Cataloged from the official PDF of thesis. "May 2020."Includes bibliographical references (pages 82-83).For political reasons, the officially unrecognized Bedouin village of Al Araqib in Israeli's Negev desert is prevented from building permanent structures. While the state of Israel does not issue demolition warrants for new illegal houses, it instead demolishes these houses without a warrant, under the auspices of a law that allows the police to destroy new illegal structures within 30 days of construction. This situation has encouraged the people of Al Araqib to become familiar with different technologies. They use solar energy to provide electricity to the village, and smartphones to document and report demolitions. As an act of resistance as much as a practical measure, they repeatedly rebuild their houses, appropriating architecture as a political tool. This creates a situation where the Bedouin with their strong nomadic history, uses physical structures--the language and logic used by their oppressors--in the fight for their ancestral land.Beyond supporting and recognizing the Bedouin people's fight for justice, this design thesis asks to harness the conflux of physical architecture and digital technologies in an effort to create innovative modes of communication that speak to the experiences of unrecognized populations, struggling for cultural survival. Specifically, through collaborative work by the people of Al Araqib, this thesis initiates a laboratory of tools and techniques that harness the spatial characteristics of the land and the social narrative of its people. Aiming to strengthen their ability to communicate more widely and more productively, the thesis proposes a platform that includes a set of digital and physical tools, such as digital design and fabrication, hackable devices, internet of things, architectural drawings, videos, sensors, GPS, automatization and GIS. Lastly, this thesis catalogues these diverse tools as part of a content management system and as a 'cookbook'.It is composed of spatial information, automated and visualized to create a more persuasive narrative, and of journalistic strategies that introduce knowledge sharing and evidence of the reality of demolition and its impact on human lives.by Nof Nathansohn.S.M.S.M. Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Architectur