O ethos e o pathos na sala de parto

RESUMO Objetivo Compreender o ethos e o pathos presentes nos discursos de mulheres parturientes e profissionais de saúde no contexto da sala de parto. Método Pesquisa qualitativa do tipo interpretativa. Utilizou-se o método da Análise do Discurso. Participaram das entrevistas 36 mulheres e 24 profissionais de saúde de maternidades do interior de Minas Gerais. Resultados Os discursos sinalizam a concepção que as mulheres têm do parto, centrada no olhar do outro e nas suas representações; as dificuldades das enfermeiras para operacionalizar o cuidado e construir uma imagem profissional autônoma. O discurso médico enfatiza a especialidade, a capacidade de intervir em situações de risco e as mudanças no status da profissão. Conclusões A construção do ethos de médicos e enfermeiros é fundamental para o delineamento de campos de saberes mais flexíveis e parauma atuação profissional condizente com os seus papéis e comprometida com os preceitos éticos e legais do cuidado obstétrico

Human-aided dispersal and population bottlenecks facilitate parasitism escape in the most invasive mosquito species

International audienceDuring biological invasion process, species encounter new environments and partially escape some ecological constraints they faced in their native range, while they face new ones. The Asian tiger mosquito Aedes albopictus is one of the most iconic invasive species introduced in every inhabited continent due to international trade. It has also been shown to be infected by a prevalent yet disregarded microbial entomoparasite Ascogregarina taiwanensis. In this study, we aimed at deciphering the factors that shape the global dynamics of A. taiwanensis infection in natural A. albopictus populations. We showed that A. albopictus populations are highly colonized by several parasite genotypes but recently introduced ones are escaping it. We further performed experiments based on the invasion process to explain such pattern. To that end, we hypothesized that (i) mosquito passive dispersal (i.e. human-aided egg transportation) may affect the parasite infectiveness, (ii) founder effects (i.e. population establishment by a small number of mosquitoes) may influence the parasite dynamics, and (iii) unparasitized mosquitoes are more prompt to found new populations through active flight dispersal. The two first hypotheses were supported as we showed that parasite infection decreases over time when dry eggs are stored and that experimental increase in mosquitoes’ density improves the parasite horizontal transmission to larvae. Surprisingly, parasitized mosquitoes tend to be more active than their unparasitized relatives. Finally, this study highlights the importance of global trade as a driver of biological invasion of the most invasive arthropod vector species

Comparative evaluation of dietary oregano, anise and olive leaves in laying Japanese quails

Aim of the present study was the comparative evaluation of the effect of ground oregano, anise and olive leaves as feed additives on performance and some egg quality characteristics of laying Japanese quails. A total of 189 Coturnix japonica quails (126 females and 63 males), 149 days old, were randomly allocated into seven equal groups with three subgroups of 9 birds each (6 females and 3 males). A commercial laying diet was fed to the control group. The remaining six groups were fed the same diet supplemented with oregano at 10 g/kg or 20 g/kg, anise at 10 g/kg or 20 g/kg and olive leaves at 10 g/kg or at 20 g/kg. The birds were offered feed and water ad libitum for a period of 29 days, while being kept under commercial conditions. During the experiment, egg production, feed intake and mortality were recorded daily. At the end of the feeding period egg weight, egg yolk, albumen and eggshell weight percentages, egg yolk color (using the L*a*b* color space) and blood serum triglycerides were determined. The diets supplemented with olive leaves (10 g/kg or 20 g/kg) resulted in a tendency (p = 0.054) for higher egg production percentage. Also, the color parameter a* was significantly (p = 0.001) higher in the eggs of quails that consumed oregano (10g/kg or 20 g/kg) or olive leaves (10g/kg or 20 g/kg)