279 research outputs found
Some aspects of periodontitis pathogenesis in children.
Inflammatory processes in the tissues surrounding tooth root are frequent enough and develop as the direct complication of caries. As acute periodontitis is manifested with grinding toothache and violation of phΒyΒsioΒlogical act of chewing, symptoms of general intoxication, the continuous sluggish chronic periodontitis is harmful and dangerous to the organism as well. It forms the state of chronic ΠΎdontogenetic intoxication and chroneosepsis with wrong functioning of some internal organs and body systems. The like complications can cause significant disturbance to the function of kidneys, liver, heart, joints and their treatment without ablating focus of inflammation is often in- effective; this must be taken into account by doctors-interns. However, scanning of the oral cavity by conservative means has its difficulties mostly because of ignoring pathogenesis of such inflammation. That is why activity of ferments of blood dehydrogenases from the periapical tissues of the teeth affected with the chronic periodontitis was studied. The level of succinate dehydrogenase and alpha-glycerophosphate degydrogenase of lymphocytes of 110 schoolchildren aged 13-17 years old was studied. The main group of examined individuals included those of infected with tuberΒculousis β 50 individuals, and the control group (60 individuals) β clinically healthy ones without tuberculousis desease. All schoolchildren had 1 or 2 teeth affected with chronic periodontitis of the apical localization. The reΒsearchers found that a significant inhibition of activity of succinate dehydrogenase and alpha-glycerophosphate degydrogenase ferments occurs in the inflammatory periodontal tissues, which indicates to local immunity decline, and as a consequence, pathogenic bacteria activation. In people infected with tuberculousis these violations were Β more developed. Such features of periodontitis pathogenesis must be taken into account when providing a combined treatment
Plant sulfolipid. II. Mutant study and phosphate deficiency
Study with SQDG-deficient mutants showed that formation of the sulfonic acid precursor, UDP-sulfoquinovose, in higher plants is considered to be catalyzed by the orthologous plant proteins SQD1. The second required plant enzyme, SQD2, is highly similar to glycosyltransferases and it is proposed that this protein represents sulfolipid synthase. The results of recent works have shown that for the stable activity PS II needs the presence of SQDG and that it participates in PS II recovering through some mechanism dependent on light. Under phosphate-limiting conditions a decrease in the content of one acidic lipid (PG) was accompanied by an increase in the content of the other acidic lipid (SQDG), which resulted in the maintenance of a certain level of total acidic lipids of chloroplast membranes
Anti-corrosion ceramic coatings on the surface of Nd-Fe-B repelling magnets
The results of vacuum-arc deposition of thin ZrOβcoatings to protect the surface of Nd-Fe-B permanent magnets used as repelling devices in orthodontics are presented. The structure, phase composition and mechanical properties of zirconium dioxide films have been investigated by means of SEM, XRD, EDX, XRF and nanoindentation method. It was revealed the formation of polycrystalline ZrOβ films of monoclinic modification with average grain size 25 nm. The influence of the ZrOβ coating in terms of its barrier properties for corrosion in quasi-physiological 0.9 NaCl solution has been studied. Electrochemical measurements indicated good barrier properties of the coating on specimens in the physiological solution environment
Vascular mechanism in the formation of diclophenac induced gastrotoxicity: the association with the level of hydrogen sulfide
Department of Pharmacology, N. I. Pirogov National Medical University of Vinnitsa, UkraineBackground: Non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)-induced gastrotoxicity arises as a result of imbalance between vasodilator and vasoconstrictor bioregulators. The influence of deficiency and excess of hydrogen sulfide on vascular mechanisms in the formation of NSAIDs-induced gastrotoxicity was investigated. Material and methods: Male nonlinear rats underwent preconditioning with donor of H2S (NaHS) and inhibitor of its synthesis (propargilglycine). Diclophenac sodium was introduced orally (8 mg/kg). In homogenates of ratsβ gastric mucosa was evaluated the activity of prostaglandin-H-synthase (PgH-synthase), NO-synthase, content of nitrites and nitrates, H2S and the activity of cystathionine-Ξ³-lyase. In vitro H2S-induced relaxation of mesenteric arteries was measured. Results: Diclophenac sodium decreased cystathionine-Ξ³-lyase enzyme activity, NO-synthase and PGH-synthase (by 17-24%), content of their H2S metabolites and nitrites/nitrates (by 20-22%) in gastric mucosa, and accompanied with the decrease of mesenteric artery sensitivity to vasodilatory action of H2S (EC50 increased to 27.5%). H2S deficiency β increases and excess of H2S β inhibits the negative influence of diclophenac on the production of vasoactive molecules and H2S-induced relaxation of mesenteric arteries. Conclusions: Excess of H2S in organism increases the content of vasoligating molecules and thus can prevent vascular disturbances caused by NSAIDs in rat stomach mucosa
N-ΡΠ΅Π½Π΅ΡΠΈΠ»-2-Π³ΡΠ΄ΡΠΎΠΊΡΠΈ-4-ΠΎΠΊΡΠΎ-4Π-ΠΏΡΡΠΈΠ΄ΠΎ[1,2-Π°]ΠΏΡΡΠΈΠΌΡΠ΄ΠΈΠ½-3-ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ±ΠΎΠΊΡΠ°ΠΌΡΠ΄ΠΈ ΡΠΊ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ»ΠΈΠ²Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎ- ΡΠΈΠ²ΡΡΡΡΠ½Ρ Π°Π³Π΅Π½ΡΠΈ
Based on the preliminary calculated screening performed by the PASS programme the synthesis of the group of the corresponding N-phenethyl-2-hydroxy-4-oxo-4H-pyrido[1,2-a]pyrimidine-3-carboxamides as potential antiviral agents has been carried out by the interaction of ethyl esters of 2-hydroxy-4-oxo-4H-pyrido[1,2-a]pyrimidine-3-carboxylic acids with 2-arylethylamines in boiling ethanol. Their structure has been confirmed by the data of elemental analysis and NMR 1H spectroscopy. Of the Herpesviruses family such viruses as Herpes Simplex Viruses Type 1 and 2, Varicella-Zoster Virus, Epstein-Barr Virus, as well as Cytomegalovirus have been involved in the screening research. Influenza Virus was presented by two types: A (subtypes H1N1, H3N2, H5N1) and B. The group of viruses affecting different sections of the respiratory tract included Parainfluenza Virus, SARS Virus, Rhinovirus, Adenovirus and Respiratory Syncytial Virus. Besides, Measles Virus, Vaccinia Virus and related Cowpox Virus, Hepatitis B and C Viruses, as well as Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis Virus were involved. The group of viruses causing febrile states of varying severity in human was presented by Rift Valley Fever Virus, West Nile Virus, Yellow Fever Virus, Dengue Virus and Tacaribe Virus. According to the results of the tests performed N-(4-chlorophenethyl)- 2-hydroxy-4-oxo-4H-pyrido[1,2-a]pyrimidine-3-carboxamide has been recommended for further research. Having a low cytotoxicity this compound revealed a high antiviral activity in relation to the West Nile fever virus agent.ΠΠ° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΌΠ΅ PASS ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π²Π°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΊΡΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠ½Π³Π° Π² ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π°Π³Π΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² Π²Π·Π°ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΡΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΡΡ
ΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ² 2-Π³ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠΎΠΊΡΠΈ-4-ΠΎΠΊΡΠΎ-4Π-ΠΏΠΈΡΠΈΠ΄ΠΎ[1,2-Π°] ΠΏΠΈΡΠΈΠΌΠΈΠ΄ΠΈΠ½-3-ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ±ΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΡΡ
ΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡ Ρ 2-Π°ΡΠΈΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠ»Π°ΠΌΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈ Π² ΠΊΠΈΠΏΡΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΡΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠΏΠΈΡΡΠ΅ ΠΎΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ ΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π· Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏΡ ΡΠΎΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡΡΠ²ΡΡΡΠΈΡ
N-ΡΠ΅Π½Π΅ΡΠΈΠ»-2-Π³ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠΎΠΊΡΠΈ-4-ΠΎΠΊΡΠΎ-4Π-ΠΏΠΈΡΠΈΠ΄ΠΎ[1,2-Π°]ΠΏΠΈΡΠΈΠΌΠΈΠ΄ΠΈΠ½-3-ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ±ΠΎΠΊΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ². ΠΡ
ΡΡΡΠΎΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΎ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π° ΠΈ ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΠΈ Π―ΠΠ 1Π. ΠΠ· ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²Π° Π³Π΅ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ²ΠΈΡΡΡΠΎΠ² Π² ΡΠΊΡΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠ½Π³ΠΎΠ²ΡΡ
ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡΡ
Π±ΡΠ»ΠΈ Π·Π°Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ Π²ΠΈΡΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π³Π΅ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ° 1 ΠΈ 2 ΡΠΈΠΏΠΎΠ², Π²ΠΈΡΡΡ ΠΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»Π»Π°-ΠΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ°, Π²ΠΈΡΡΡ ΠΠΏΡΡΠ΅ΠΉΠ½Π°-ΠΠ°ΡΡΠ°, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π³Π°Π»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡΡ. ΠΠΈΡΡΡ Π³ΡΠΈΠΏΠΏΠ° Π±ΡΠ» ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ Π΄Π²ΡΠΌΡ ΡΠΈΠΏΠ°ΠΌΠΈ: Π (ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΈΠΏΡ H1N1, H3N2, H5N1) ΠΈ Π. ΠΡΡΠΏΠΏΠ° Π²ΠΈΡΡΡΠΎΠ², ΠΏΠΎΡΠ°ΠΆΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡ
ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΎΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Ρ Π΄ΡΡ
Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ, Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ°Π»Π° Π²ΠΈΡΡΡ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°Π³ΡΠΈΠΏΠΏΠ°, Π²ΠΈΡΡΡ SARS, ΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡΡ, Π°Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡΡ ΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΡΠΏΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ Π²ΠΈΡΡΡ. ΠΡΠΎΠΌΠ΅ ΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, Π±ΡΠ»ΠΈ Π·Π°Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ Π²ΠΈΡΡΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΈ, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΎΡΠΏΡ, ΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠΉ Π΅ΠΌΡ Cowpox Π²ΠΈΡΡΡ, Π²ΠΈΡΡΡΡ Π³Π΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ² Π ΠΈ Π‘, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Π²ΠΈΡΡΡ ΠΠ΅Π½Π΅ΡΡΡΠ»ΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°Π»ΠΈΡΠ°. ΠΡΡΠΏΠΏΠ° Π²ΠΈΡΡΡΠΎΠ², Π²ΡΠ·ΡΠ²Π°ΡΡΠΈΡ
Ρ ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΠΊΠ° Π»ΠΈΡ
ΠΎΡΠ°Π΄ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ΅Π½ΠΈ ΡΡΠΆΠ΅ΡΡΠΈ, ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Π° Π²ΠΈΡΡΡΠΎΠΌ Π»ΠΈΡ
ΠΎΡΠ°Π΄ΠΊΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ½Ρ Π ΠΈΡΡ, Π²ΠΈΡΡΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΠ°ΠΏΠ°Π΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΠΈΠ»Π°, Π²ΠΈΡΡΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΆΠ΅Π»ΡΠΎΠΉ Π»ΠΈΡ
ΠΎΡΠ°Π΄ΠΊΠΈ, Π²ΠΈΡΡΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΠ΅Π½Π³Π΅ ΠΈ Π²ΠΈΡΡΡΠΎΠΌ Π’Π°ΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΠ±Π΅. ΠΠΎ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΌ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΈΡΠΏΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π΄Π»Ρ Π΄Π°Π»ΡΠ½Π΅ΠΉΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ΅ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ N-(4-Ρ
Π»ΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π½Π΅ΡΠΈΠ»)-2-Π³ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠΎΠΊΡΠΈ-4- ΠΎΠΊΡΠΎ-4H-ΠΏΠΈΡΠΈΠ΄ΠΎ-[1,2-a]ΠΏΠΈΡΠΈΠΌΠΈΠ΄ΠΈΠ½-3-ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ±ΠΎΠΊΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈΠ΄. ΠΡΠΈ Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΈΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΡΡΠΎ ΡΠΎΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ²ΠΈΠ»ΠΎ Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡΡΠ½ΡΡ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊ Π²ΠΎΠ·Π±ΡΠ΄ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»Ρ Π»ΠΈΡ
ΠΎΡΠ°Π΄ΠΊΠΈ ΠΠ°ΠΏΠ°Π΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΠΈΠ»Π°.ΠΠ° ΠΏΡΠ΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π·Π° ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΎΡ PASS ΠΏΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π΄Π½ΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠ·ΡΠ°Ρ
ΡΠ½ΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΊΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠ½Π³Ρ ΡΠΊ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠΉΠ½Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ²ΡΡΡΡΠ½Ρ Π°Π³Π΅Π½ΡΠΈ Π²Π·Π°ΡΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΡ Π΅ΡΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ
Π΅ΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ² 2-Π³ΡΠ΄ΡΠΎΠΊΡΠΈ-4-ΠΎΠΊΡΠΎ-4Π-ΠΏΡΡΠΈΠ΄ΠΎ[1,2-Π°]ΠΏΡΡΠΈΠΌΡΠ΄ΠΈΠ½-3-ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ±ΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ
ΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡ Π· 2-Π°ΡΠΈΠ»Π΅ΡΠΈΠ»Π°ΠΌΡΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈ Ρ ΠΊΠΈΠΏΠ»ΡΡΠΎΠΌΡ Π΅ΡΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΌΡ ΡΠΏΠΈΡΡΡ Π·Π΄ΡΠΉΡΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΎ ΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π· Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΈ Π²ΡΠ΄ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΄Π½ΠΈΡ
N-ΡΠ΅Π½Π΅ΡΠΈΠ»- 2-Π³ΡΠ΄ΡΠΎΠΊΡΠΈ-4-ΠΎΠΊΡΠΎ-4Π-ΠΏΡΡΠΈΠ΄ΠΎ[1,2-Π°]ΠΏΡΡΠΈΠΌΡΠ΄ΠΈΠ½-3-ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ±ΠΎΠΊΡΠ°ΠΌΡΠ΄ΡΠ². ΠΡ
Π±ΡΠ΄ΠΎΠ²Π° ΠΏΡΠ΄ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠ΄ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π° Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΠΌΠΈ Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΡΠ·Ρ ΡΠ° ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠΏΡΡ Π―ΠΠ 1Π. Π ΡΡΠΌΠ΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²Π° Π³Π΅ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ²ΡΡΡΡΡΠ² Ρ ΡΠΊΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠ½Π³ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ
Π΄ΠΎΡΠ»ΡΠ΄ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
Π±ΡΠ»ΠΈ Π·Π°Π΄ΡΡΠ½Ρ Π²ΡΡΡΡΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π³Π΅ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΡ 1 ΡΠ° 2 ΡΠΈΠΏΡΠ², Π²ΡΡΡΡ ΠΠ°ΡΡΡΠ΅Π»Π»Π°-ΠΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ°, Π²ΡΡΡΡ ΠΠΏΡΡΠ΅ΠΉΠ½Π°-ΠΠ°ΡΡΠ°, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠΆ ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π³Π°Π»ΠΎΠ²ΡΡΡΡ. ΠΡΡΡΡ Π³ΡΠΈΠΏΡ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ Π΄Π²ΠΎΠΌΠ° ΡΠΈΠΏΠ°ΠΌΠΈ: Π (ΠΏΡΠ΄ΡΠΈΠΏΠΈ H1N1, H3N2, H5N1) ΡΠ° Π. ΠΡΡΠΏΠ° Π²ΡΡΡΡΡΠ², ΡΠΎ Π²ΠΈΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΡΡ ΡΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ ΡΡΠ·Π½ΠΈΡ
Π²ΡΠ΄Π΄ΡΠ»ΡΠ² Π΄ΠΈΡ
Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΈ, Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ°Π»Π° Π²ΡΡΡΡ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°Π³ΡΠΈΠΏΡ, Π²ΡΡΡΡ SARS, ΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΡΡΡΡ, Π°Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡΡΡΡ ΡΠ° ΡΠ΅ΡΠΏΡΡΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠΉ ΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΈΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΉ Π²ΡΡΡΡ. ΠΡΡΠΌ ΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, Π±ΡΠ»ΠΈ Π·Π°Π΄ΡΡΠ½Ρ Π²ΡΡΡΡΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΡΡ, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΠ²βΡΡΠΎΡ Π²ΡΡΠΏΠΈ, ΡΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΄Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΉΠΎΠΌΡ Cowpox Π²ΡΡΡΡ, Π²ΡΡΡΡΠΈ Π³Π΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΡΡΠ² Π Ρ Π‘, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠΆ Π²ΡΡΡΡ ΠΠ΅Π½Π΅ΡΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΡΠ½ΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π΅Π½ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°Π»ΡΡΡ. ΠΡΡΠΏΠ° Π²ΡΡΡΡΡΠ², ΡΠΎ Π²ΠΈΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΡΡ Ρ Π»ΡΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ΠΈ Π»ΠΈΡ
ΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΊΠΈ ΡΡΠ·Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΡΠΏΠ΅Π½Ρ ΡΡΠΆΠΊΠΎΡΡΡ, ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Π° Π²ΡΡΡΡΠΎΠΌ Π»ΠΈΡ
ΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΊΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈ Π ΠΈΡΡ, Π²ΡΡΡΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΠ°Ρ
ΡΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΡΠ»Ρ, Π²ΡΡΡΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΆΠΎΠ²ΡΠΎΡ Π»ΠΈΡ
ΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΊΠΈ, Π²ΡΡΡΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΠ΅Π½Π³Π΅ ΡΠ° Π²ΡΡΡΡΠΎΠΌ Π’Π°ΠΊΠ°ΡΡΠ±Π΅. ΠΠ° ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ
Π²ΠΈΠΏΡΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ²ΡΠ²Π°Π½Ρ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π°Π»ΡΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²ΠΈΠ²ΡΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ ΡΠ΅ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎ N-(4-Ρ
Π»ΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π½Π΅ΡΠΈΠ»)- 2-Π³ΡΠ΄ΡΠΎΠΊΡΠΈ-4-ΠΎΠΊΡΠΎ-4H-ΠΏΡΡΠΈΠ΄ΠΎ[1,2-a]ΠΏΡΡΠΈΠΌΡΠ΄ΠΈΠ½-3-ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ±ΠΎΠΊΡΠ°ΠΌΡΠ΄. ΠΡΠΈ Π½ΠΈΠ·ΡΠΊΡΠΉ ΡΠΈΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΡ ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΠ° Π²ΠΈΡΠ²ΠΈΠ»Π° Π²ΠΈΡΠΎΠΊΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ²ΡΡΡΡΠ½Ρ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎ Π²ΡΠ΄Π½ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ Π΄ΠΎ Π·Π±ΡΠ΄Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ° Π»ΠΈΡ
ΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΊΠΈ ΠΠ°Ρ
ΡΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΡΠ»Ρ
ΠΠΠΠΠΠ‘Π¦ΠΠΠΠΠΠΠ ΠΠ ΠΠΠ’ΠΠΠ ΠΠ¦ΠΠ― Π―Π Π€ΠΠΠ’ΠΠ Π£ΠΠΠ‘ΠΠΠΠΠΠΠΠΠ― ΠΠΠΠΠΠΠΠΠΠ― Π€ΠΠ ΠΠΠΠΠΠΠΠΠ Π£ ΠΠΠΠΠ§ΠΠΠΠ£ ΠΠΠ¨Π
The role and place of interdisciplinary integration are considered in this article as a factor of improving teaching at the Department of Pharmacology in M. Pyrohov Vinnytsia National Medical University. Interdisciplinary connections help to supplement the content of knowledge in one discipline from another, combine them and ensure formation of professionally important skills and abilities. The use of interdisciplinary technologies of doctorβs training allows to rise him on a new level of clinical thinking. This makes him able to solve tasks of medical practice comprehensively, basing on extensive data integration of different disciplines.Π£ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΡ ΡΠΎΠ·Π³Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡΡ ΡΠΎΠ»Ρ ΡΠ° ΠΌΡΡΡΠ΅ ΠΌΡΠΆΠ΄ΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΏΠ»ΡΠ½Π°ΡΠ½ΠΎΡ ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅Π³ΡΠ°ΡΡΡ ΡΠΊ ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠ° ΡΠ΄ΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠ½Π°Π»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ Π²ΠΈΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΒ Π½Π° ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡ ΡΠ°ΡΠΌΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΡΡ ΠΡΠ½Π½ΠΈΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π½Π°ΡΡΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ½ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΡ ΡΠΌ. Π. Π. ΠΠΈΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ²Π°. ΠΡΠΆΠ΄ΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΏΠ»ΡΠ½Π°ΡΠ½Ρ Π·Π²βΡΠ·ΠΊΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠΌΠ°Π³Π°ΡΡΡ Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ²Π½ΠΈΡΠΈ Π·ΠΌΡΡΡ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΡΡ Π΄ΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΏΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΈ Π·Π½Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ Π· ΡΠ½ΡΠΎΡ, ΠΎΠ±βΡΠ΄Π½ΡΡΡΡ ΡΡ
Ρ Π·Π°Π±Π΅Π·ΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΡΡΡ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΡΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΉΠ½ΠΎ Π²Π°ΠΆΠ»ΠΈΠ²ΠΈΡ
Π²ΠΌΡΠ½Ρ ΡΠ° Π½Π°Π²ΠΈΡΠΎΠΊ. ΠΠ°ΡΡΠΎΡΡΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ ΠΌΡΠΆΠ΄ΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΏΠ»ΡΠ½Π°ΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΡΠΉ ΠΏΡΠ΄Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠΈ Π»ΡΠΊΠ°ΡΡ Π΄ΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠ΄Π½ΡΡΠΈ ΠΉΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π½Π° ΡΠΊΡΡΠ½ΠΎ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠΉ ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Ρ ΠΊΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠΈΡΠ»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ, Π·Π΄Π°ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ½ΠΎ Π²ΠΈΡΡΡΡΠ²Π°ΡΠΈ Π·Π°Π²Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΡ ΠΏΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Ρ ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅Π³ΡΡΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΡ
ΡΡΠ·Π½ΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½ΡΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
Π΄ΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΏΠ»ΡΠ½
Associations of the Novel Chemokine-Based Diagnostic Biomarker Panel with Different Phenotypes of Atopic Dermatitis in Children
Introduction. Serum total immune globulin E, thymus and activation-regulated chemokine
(CTACK), and cutaneous T-cell attracting chemokine (TARC) are known as contributing to the
pathophysiology of atopic dermatitis. Still, there is the data ambiguity regarding the associations of
serum biomarkers with the clinical manifestations of the disease.
Purpose. To detect the associations of total immune globulin E, thymus and activation regulated
chemokine, and cutaneous T-cell attracting chemokine with different phenotypes of atopic
dermatitis in children β alone and combined with other atopic comorbidities (seasonal allergic
rhino-conjunctivitis, perennial allergic rhinitis, bronchial asthma).
Materials and methods. The main group consisted of 39 patients aged from 3 to 18 years
suffering from atopic dermatitis alone and with comorbid atopic disorders β seasonal allergic
rhino-conjunctivitis, perennial allergic rhinitis, and bronchial asthma. The control group consisted
of 47 children aged from 3 to 18 years, non-atopics, suffering from the gastro-intestinal tract
disorders. The patients of both groups were tested for the serum concentrations of the abovementioned serum biomarkers.
Results. There were detected significantly higher levels of total serum immune globulin E and CTACK
in atopic patients if compared to controls. Serum TARC showed no significant differences between
the main and control group; still, it had significant direct associations with the degree of severity of
atopic dermatitis phenotypes alone and combined with other atopic disorders in general and with
clinical index βscoring atopic dermatitisβ in particular. It had also significant indirect associations
with age in patients of the main and control groups. Serum total immune globulin E and CTACK had
significant direct associations with all the studied atopic dermatitis phenotypes. There is a strong
perspective of combining the serum total IgE, TARC and CTACK as the effective biomarker panel for
assessing the intensity of inflammation within different atopic dermatitis phenotypes.
Conclusions. Combined use of serum total immune globulin E, thymus and activation-regulated
chemokine and cutaneous T-cell attracting chemokine is the novel perspective chemokine-based panel for assessing the degree of severity in patients that suffer from different phenotypes of atopic
dermatitis alone and combined with comorbid atopic disorders.
ΠΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅. ΠΠ±ΡΠΈΠΉ ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΠΈΠΌΠΌΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³Π»ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ»ΠΈΠ½ Π, ΡΠΈΠΌΡΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΈ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΠ΅Π³ΡΠ»ΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡΠΉ
Ρ
Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠΊΠΈΠ½ (Π’ΠΠ Π₯) ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠΆΠ½ΡΠΉ Π’-ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΊΠΈ Π°ΡΡΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΡΡΡΡΠΈΠΉ Ρ
Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠΊΠΈΠ½ (ΠΠ’ΠΠ₯) ΠΈΠ·Π²Π΅ΡΡΠ½Ρ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΎΡΡ
ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½Π΅Π·Π° Π°ΡΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π΄Π΅ΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ°. Π’Π΅ΠΌ Π½Π΅ ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π΅ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΡΠ΅Ρ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ·Π½Π°ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ Π°ΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ°ΡΠΈΠΉ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
Π±ΠΈΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΠΊΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ² Ρ ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡΠΌΠΈ Π²ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΏΠΎΠΌΡΠ½ΡΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ
Π·Π°Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ.
Π¦Π΅Π»Ρ. ΠΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡΡ Π²Π·Π°ΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΠ²ΡΠ·Ρ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΈΠΌΠΌΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³Π»ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ»ΠΈΠ½Π° E, ΡΠΈΠΌΡΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΈ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΠ΅Π³ΡΠ»ΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Ρ
Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠΊΠΈΠ½Π° ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π’-ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΊΠΈ Π°ΡΡΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΡΡΡΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ Ρ
Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠΊΠΈΠ½Π° Ρ ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎΡΠΈΠΏΠ°ΠΌΠΈ Π°ΡΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π΄Π΅ΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ° Ρ Π΄Π΅ΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΎΡΠ΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΠΈ Π² ΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΠΈ Ρ Π΄ΡΡΠ³ΠΈΠΌΠΈ Π°ΡΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΠ±ΠΈΠ΄Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ
ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΡΠΌΠΈ (ΡΠ΅Π·ΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΠΌ Π°Π»Π»Π΅ΡΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²ΠΈΡΠΎΠΌ, ΠΊΡΡΠ³Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΠΌ Π°Π»Π»Π΅ΡΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΡΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠΎΠΌ, Π±ΡΠΎΠ½Ρ
ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π°ΡΡΠΌΠΎΠΉ).
ΠΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»Ρ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ. ΠΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΡΡ Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏΡ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ 39 ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² Π² Π²ΠΎΠ·ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ ΠΎΡ 3 Π΄ΠΎ 18 Π»Π΅Ρ,
ΡΡΡΠ°Π΄Π°ΡΡΠΈΡ
Π°ΡΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌ Π΄Π΅ΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΎΡΠ΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΠΈ Ρ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΠ±ΠΈΠ΄Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ Π°ΡΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΡΠΌΠΈ β ΡΠ΅Π·ΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΠΌ Π°Π»Π»Π΅ΡΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²ΠΈΡΠΎΠΌ, ΠΊΡΡΠ³Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΠΌ Π°Π»Π»Π΅ΡΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΡΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΈ Π±ΡΠΎΠ½Ρ
ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π°ΡΡΠΌΠΎΠΉ. ΠΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΡ Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏΡ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ 47 Π΄Π΅ΡΠ΅ΠΉ Π² Π²ΠΎΠ·ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ ΠΎΡ 3 Π΄ΠΎ 18 Π»Π΅Ρ,
Π±Π΅Π· Π°ΡΠΎΠΏΠΈΠΈ, Ρ Π·Π°Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΆΠ΅Π»ΡΠ΄ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎ-ΠΊΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ°. ΠΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°ΠΌ ΠΎΠ±Π΅ΠΈΡ
Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ»ΠΎΡΡ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΉ Π²ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΏΠΎΠΌΡΠ½ΡΡΡΡ
Π±ΠΈΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΠΊΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ².
Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ. ΠΡΠ»ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±Π½Π°ΡΡΠΆΠ΅Π½Ρ Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΎ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π½ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ
ΠΈΠΌΠΌΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³Π»ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ»ΠΈΠ½Π° Π ΠΈ ΠΠ’ΠΠ₯ Ρ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² Ρ Π°ΡΠΎΠΏΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΏΠΎ ΡΡΠ°Π²Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Ρ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ². Π‘ΡΠ²ΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π½ΠΈ Π’ΠΠ Π₯ Π½Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π»ΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ
ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏ; ΡΠ΅ΠΌ Π½Π΅ ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π΅ ΠΎΠ±Π½Π°ΡΡΠΆΠ΅Π½Π° Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΠ½Π°Ρ ΠΏΡΡΠΌΠ°Ρ Π²Π·Π°ΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΠ²ΡΠ·Ρ
ΡΠΎ ΡΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ΅Π½ΡΡ ΡΡΠΆΠ΅ΡΡΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎΡΠΈΠΏΠΎΠ² Π°ΡΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π΄Π΅ΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ° ΠΎΡΠ΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΠΈ Π² ΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΠΈ Ρ Π΄ΡΡΠ³ΠΈΠΌΠΈ
Π°ΡΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΠ±ΠΈΠ΄Π½ΠΎΡΡΡΠΌΠΈ Π² ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠΌ ΠΈ Ρ ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΈΠ½Π΄Π΅ΠΊΡΠΎΠΌ Β«scoring atopic dermatitisΒ»
Π² ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ. Π’Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π»ΠΈΡΡ Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ Π°ΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ Ρ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΎΠΌ Ρ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏ. ΠΠ±ΡΠΈΠΉ ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΠΈΠΌΠΌΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³Π»ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ»ΠΈΠ½ Π ΠΈ ΠΠ’ΠΠ₯ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π»ΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΡΠΌΡΠ΅ Π°ΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΠΎ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΈ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎΡΠΈΠΏΠ°ΠΌΠΈ Π°ΡΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π΄Π΅ΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ°.
Π‘ΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΡΠ΅Ρ ΡΠΈΠ»ΡΠ½Π°Ρ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π° ΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ IgE, Π’ΠΠ Π₯ ΠΈ ΠΠ’ΠΠ₯ Π² ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠ°Π½Π΅Π»ΠΈ Π±ΠΈΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΠΊΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ² Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΊΠΈ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π²ΠΎΡΠΏΠ°Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎΡΠΈΠΏΠ°Ρ
Π°ΡΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π΄Π΅ΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ°.
ΠΡΠ²ΠΎΠ΄Ρ. ΠΠΎΠΌΠ±ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΠΌΠΌΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³Π»ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ»ΠΈΠ½Π° Π, ΡΠΈΠΌΡΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΈ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΠ΅Π³ΡΠ»ΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Ρ
Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠΊΠΈΠ½Π° ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π’-ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°ΡΡΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΡΡΡΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ Ρ
Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠΊΠΈΠ½Π° ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΠ΅Ρ ΡΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠΉ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡΡ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡ Ρ
Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠΊΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΡΡ ΠΏΠ°Π½Π΅Π»Ρ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΊΠΈ ΡΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ΅Π½ΠΈ
ΡΡΠΆΠ΅ΡΡΠΈ Ρ Π΄Π΅ΡΠ΅ΠΉ, ΡΡΡΠ°Π΄Π°ΡΡΠΈΡ
ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎΡΠΈΠΏΠ°ΠΌΠΈ Π°ΡΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π΄Π΅ΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ° ΠΎΡΠ΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΠΈ Π²
ΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΠΈ Ρ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΠ±ΠΈΠ΄Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ Π°ΡΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌΠΈ Π·Π°Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΡΠΌΠΈ
ΠΠΎΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π·, ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½Ρ Ρ Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΡΠ° ΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ²Π° Π±ΡΠ΄ΠΎΠ²Π° Π΅ΡΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π΅ΡΡΠ΅ΡΡ 2-Π³ΡΠ΄ΡΠΎΠΊΡΠΈ-8-ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ»-4-ΠΎΠΊΡΠΎ-4Π-ΠΏΡΡΠΈΠ΄ΠΎ[1,2-Π°]ΠΏΡΡΠΈΠΌΡΠ΄ΠΈΠ½-3-ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ±ΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡ ΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡΠΈ
The improved method for obtaining ethyl 2-hydroxy-8-methyl-4-oxo-4H-pyrido[1,2-a]pyrimidine-3-carboxylate being of interest as a base for synthesis of antiviral medicines has been suggested. The method involves a gradual addition of the solution of 2-amino-4-methylpyridine in triethylmethanetricarboxylate used as an acylating and condensing agent, as well as a high boiling heating agent simultaneously in the excess of triethylmethanetricarboxylate preheated to 150Β°C. This modification allows not only to reduce considerably regeneration of triethylmethanetricarboxylate taken in excess, but practically to avoid completely the undesirable formation of by-product β 2-hydroxy-8-methyl-N-(4-methypyridin-2-yl)-4-oxo-4H-pyrido[1,2-a]pyrimidine-3-carboxamide. It has been found by X-ray diffraction analysis that in the crystal the ethyl 2-hydroxy-8-methyl-4-oxo-4H-pyrido[1,2-a]pyrimidine-3-carboxylate synthesized exists in the zwitterionic form with localization of the positive charge at the protonated nitrogen atom and the negative charge at the carbon atom in position 3 of the pyridopyrimidine ring. Based on the study of NMR 1H and 13C spectra the assumption that the test compound exits as an equilibrium mixture of two tautomeric forms in solution has been expressed.ΠΡΠ΅Π΄Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ ΡΠ»ΡΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠΉ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ± ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΠΈΡΠ° 2-Π³ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠΎΠΊΡΠΈ-8-ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ»-4-ΠΎΠΊΡΠΎ-4Π-ΠΏΠΈΡΠΈΠ΄ΠΎ[1,2-Π°] ΠΏΠΈΡΠΈΠΌΠΈΠ΄ΠΈΠ½-3-ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ±ΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡΡ, ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΡΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π° Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π·Π° ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π»Π΅ΠΊΠ°ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ². ΠΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ Π·Π°ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ°Π΅ΡΡΡ Π² ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ±Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π² ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π²Π°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ Π½Π°Π³ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΉ Π΄ΠΎ 150Β°Π‘ ΠΈΠ·Π±ΡΡΠΎΠΊ ΡΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠ»-ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π½ΡΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠ±ΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠ»Π°ΡΠ° ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΡΠ° 2-Π°ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΎ-4-ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ»ΠΏΠΈΡΠΈΠ΄ΠΈΠ½Π° Π² ΡΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠ»-ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π½ΡΡΠΈ-ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ±ΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠ»Π°ΡΠ΅, ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠΌ Π² ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅ Π°ΡΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡΡΡΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π΄Π΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΡΡΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ Π°Π³Π΅Π½ΡΠ°, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠΊΠΈΠΏΡΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ ΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ»ΠΎΠ½ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»Ρ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎ. Π’Π°ΠΊΠ°Ρ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ΅Ρ Π½Π΅ ΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΠΎ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΡΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΠΈΡΡ ΡΠ΅Π³Π΅Π½Π΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡ Π²Π·ΡΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π² ΠΈΠ·Π±ΡΡΠΊΠ΅ ΡΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠ»ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π½ΡΡΠΈ-ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ±ΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠ»Π°ΡΠ°, Π½ΠΎ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΡΡΡΡ ΠΈΠ·Π±Π΅ΠΆΠ°ΡΡ Π½Π΅ΠΆΠ΅Π»Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ±ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ 2-Π³ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠΎΠΊΡΠΈ-8-ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ»-4-ΠΎΠΊΡΠΎ-N-(4-ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ»ΠΏΠΈΡΠΈΠ΄ΠΈΠ½-2-ΠΈΠ»)-4Π-ΠΏΠΈΡΠΈΠ΄ΠΎ[1,2-Π°]ΠΏΠΈΡΠΈΠΌΠΈΠ΄ΠΈΠ½-3-ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ±ΠΎΠΊΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈΠ΄Π°. Π‘ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠ³Π΅Π½ΠΎΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π° ΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ Π² ΠΊΡΠΈΡΡΠ°Π»Π»Π΅ ΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΉ ΡΡΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΡΠΉ ΡΡΠΈΡ 2-Π³ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠΎΠΊΡΠΈ-8-ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ»-4-ΠΎΠΊΡΠΎ-4Π-ΠΏΠΈΡΠΈΠ΄ΠΎ[1,2-Π°]ΠΏΠΈΡΠΈΠΌΠΈΠ΄ΠΈΠ½-3-ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ±ΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡΡ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΡΠ΅Ρ Π² ΡΠ²ΠΈΡΡΠ΅Ρ-ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ΅ Ρ Π»ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π·Π°ΡΡΠ΄Π° Π½Π° ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌ Π°ΡΠΎΠΌΠ΅ Π°Π·ΠΎΡΠ° ΠΈ ΠΎΡΡΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π·Π°ΡΡΠ΄Π° Π½Π° Π°ΡΠΎΠΌΠ΅ ΡΠ³Π»Π΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Π° Π² ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ 3 ΠΏΠΈΡΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΠΈΠΌΠΈΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ΄ΡΠ°. ΠΠ° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ² Π―ΠΠ 1Π ΠΈ 13Π‘ Π²ΡΡΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠ΅ ΡΠΎΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈ Π² ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΡΠ΅ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΡΠ΅Ρ Π² Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ ΡΠ°Π²Π½ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈ Π΄Π²ΡΡ
ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠΎΡΠΌ.ΠΠ°ΠΏΡΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ± ΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°Π½Π½Ρ Π΅ΡΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π΅ΡΡΠ΅ΡΡ 2-Π³ΡΠ΄ΡΠΎΠΊΡΠΈ-8-ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ»-4-ΠΎΠΊΡΠΎ-4Π-ΠΏΡΡΠΈΠ΄ΠΎ [1,2-Π°]ΠΏΡΡΠΈΠΌΡΠ΄ΠΈΠ½-3-ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ±ΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡ ΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡΠΈ, ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΡ ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Ρ ΡΠΊ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π° Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π·Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ²ΡΡΡΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
Π»ΡΠΊΠ°ΡΡΡΠΊΠΈΡ
Π·Π°ΡΠΎΠ±ΡΠ². ΠΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ³Π°Ρ Ρ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΡΠΏΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΌΡ Π΄ΠΎΠ΄Π°Π²Π°Π½Π½Ρ Π² ΠΏΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π΄Π½ΡΠΎ Π½Π°Π³ΡΡΡΠΈΠΉ Π΄ΠΎ 150Β°Π‘ Π½Π°Π΄Π»ΠΈΡΠΎΠΊ ΡΡΠΈΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ»ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π½ΡΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠ±ΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠ»Π°ΡΡ ΡΠΎΠ·ΡΠΈΠ½Ρ 2-Π°ΠΌΡΠ½ΠΎ-4-ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ»ΠΏΡΡΠΈΠ΄ΠΈΠ½Ρ Π² ΡΡΠΈΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ»ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π½ΡΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠ±ΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠ»Π°ΡΡ, ΡΠΎ Π²ΠΈΠΊΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ²ΡΡΡΡΡΡ ΡΠΊ Π°ΡΠΈΠ»ΡΡΡΠΈΠΉ ΡΠ° ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π΄Π΅Π½ΡΡΡΡΠΈΠΉ Π°Π³Π΅Π½Ρ, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠΆ ΡΠΊ Π²ΠΈΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠΊΠΈΠΏΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ»ΠΎΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΉ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎ. Π’Π°ΠΊΠ° ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΡΠΊΠ°ΡΡΡ Π΄ΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡ Π½Π΅ ΡΡΠ»ΡΠΊΠΈ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΡΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΠΈΡΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π³Π΅Π½Π΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡ Π²Π·ΡΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Ρ Π½Π°Π΄Π»ΠΈΡΠΊΡ ΡΡΠΈΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ»ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π½ΡΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠ±ΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠ»Π°ΡΡ, Π°Π»Π΅ ΠΉ ΠΏΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π½ΡΡΡΡ ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ½ΡΡΠΈ Π½Π΅Π±Π°ΠΆΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ 2-Π³ΡΠ΄ΡΠΎΠΊΡΠΈ-8-ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ»-4-ΠΎΠΊΡΠΎ-N-(4-ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ»ΠΏΡΡΠΈΠ΄ΠΈΠ½-2-ΡΠ»)-4Π-ΠΏΡΡΠΈΠ΄ΠΎ[1,2-Π°]ΠΏΡΡΠΈΠΌΡΠ΄ΠΈΠ½-3-ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ±ΠΎΠΊΡΠ°ΠΌΡΠ΄Ρ. ΠΠ° Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ³ΠΎΡ ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠ³Π΅Π½ΠΎΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΡΠ·Ρ Π²ΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ, ΡΠΎ Π² ΠΊΡΠΈΡΡΠ°Π»Ρ ΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π΅ΡΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠΉ Π΅ΡΡΠ΅Ρ 2-Π³ΡΠ΄ΡΠΎΠΊΡΠΈ-8-ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ»-4-ΠΎΠΊΡΠΎ-4Π-ΠΏΡΡΠΈΠ΄ΠΎ[1,2-Π°]ΠΏΡΡΠΈΠΌΡΠ΄ΠΈΠ½-3-ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ±ΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡ ΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡΠΈ ΡΡΠ½ΡΡ Ρ ΡΠ²ΡΡΡΠ΅Ρ-ΡΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΠΉ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΡ Π· Π»ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π»ΡΠ·Π°ΡΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π·Π°ΡΡΠ΄Ρ Π½Π° ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎΠΌΡ Π°ΡΠΎΠΌΡ Π½ΡΡΡΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½Ρ Ρ Π½Π΅Π³Π°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π·Π°ΡΡΠ΄Ρ Π½Π° Π°ΡΠΎΠΌΡ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ±ΠΎΠ½Ρ Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ 3 ΠΏΡΡΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠΏΡΡΠΈΠΌΡΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ΄ΡΠ°. ΠΠ° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Ρ Π²ΠΈΠ²ΡΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΡΠ² Π―ΠΠ 1Π ΡΠ° 13Π‘ Π·ΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΏΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ, ΡΠΎ Π΄ΠΎΡΠ»ΡΠ΄ΠΆΡΠ²Π°Π½Π° ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΠ° Ρ Π² ΡΠΎΠ·ΡΠΈΠ½Ρ ΡΡΠ½ΡΡ Ρ Π²ΠΈΠ³Π»ΡΠ΄Ρ ΡΡΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ²Π°ΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡ ΡΡΠΌΡΡΡ Π΄Π²ΠΎΡ
ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
ΡΠΎΡΠΌ
Effect of aluminium on redox-homeostasis of common buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum)
Common buckwheat is a significant culture in Ukraine, whose importance for food security has increased in recent decades. An important biological feature of buckwheat is the ability of the crop to grow on poor and especially acidic soils. Common buckwheat was sown in Ukraine on the area of 125,000 ha in 2020, mainly in the central part of the country and in the soil-climatic zone Polesie in the north of the country. At the same time, the area under buckwheat cultivation has been steadily decreasing in the last decade, which is due to the low profitability of cultivation on mainly acidic soils. The research was conducted in the field conditions during 2012β2018 in Kiev region, as well as in laboratory conditions. ICP analysis and biochemical methods were used. Yield of buckwheat on light soils of low fertility depends largely on the level of acidity of the soil. On acidic sod-podzolic soils with loam substrate, the aluminum content of the layer is 20β40 cm higher, compared to a layer of 0β20 cm. This is probably one of the reasons why, when the concentration of aluminum in the soil profile is increased, the root system is located mainly in the upper layer of soil with a lower content of aluminum. In this case, the study of the mechanisms of resistance to the action of aluminum on acidic soils is an important component of the cost-effectiveness of crop production in the region. In acidic soils with pH < 5.0, phytotoxic aluminum (Al3+) rapidly inhibits root growth and afterwards negatively affects water and nutrient uptake in plants. Acquiring phytotoxic capacities, in this connection Al ions affect a wide range of cellular and molecular processes, with a consequent reduction in plant growth. In most plant species, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production can also be induced by Al toxicity leading to oxidative damage of biomolecules and biological membranes. We have detected an accumulation of Al ions in leaf tissues of treatment plants after 10 days of exposure. Tissues of F. esculentum roots contained 155.4% of control level of Al and tissues of F. esculentum leaves β 186.2% of control level of Al ions. Significant intensification of O2β’β generation in roots and leaf tissues as a reaction to Al addition to nutrient solution was detected. Increase in antioxidant enzymes activities and non fixed products of lipids peroxidation was characterized as a biochemical defense reaction of F. esculentum over the 10 days of exposure to Al (50 ΞΌM). Thus, the results show that the action of 50 ΞΌM of Al ions activated antioxidant enzymes β SOD and CAT and decreased oxidative processes, thus promotes pro/antioxidant balance of common buckwheat. These mechanisms of redox homeostasis can be triggers of morphological changes in buckwheat plants, which lead to increased crop resistance when growing on acidic soils with high aluminum content. Thus, the resistance of culture to acid soils may be associated with the possibility of increased accumulation of aluminum in the plantβs tissues, as well as in changes in redox homeostasis with subsequent morphological changes, and primarily the formation of the root system in the top layer of soil with a reduced content of aluminum
The Complex Studying of Antarctic Biota
Results of five year period of Argentina islands region Antarctic biota complex investigations are described. There were described 41 algae new for the Galindez island biogeografical polygon territory. Check-list of terrestrial algae now consists of 57 species belongs to 3 phyla.Π‘ΡΠ°ΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠ²ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π° ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΌ ΠΏ'ΡΡΠΈΡΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²ΠΈΠ²ΡΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ Π°Π½ΡΠ°ΡΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΡ Π±ΡΠΎΡΠΈ Π² ΡΠ°ΠΉΠΎΠ½Ρ ΠΡΠ³Π΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΎΡΡΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠ². Π£ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ
Π΄ΠΎΡΠ»ΡΠ΄ΠΆΠ΅Π½Ρ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠΉ ΡΠΏΠΈΡΠΎΠΊ Π½Π°Π·Π΅ΠΌΠ½ΠΈΡ
Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ Π±ΡΠΎΠ³Π΅ΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ³ΠΎΠ½Ρ Π½Π° ΠΎΡΡΡΠΎΠ²Ρ ΠΠ°Π»ΡΠ½Π΄Π΅Π· ΠΏΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ²Π½ΠΈΠ²ΡΡ Π½Π° 41 ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΎΠ½ Π²ΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ°Π½Π³Ρ Ρ Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ°Ρ 57 Π²ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠ² Π· ΡΡΡΠΎΡ
Π²ΡΠ΄Π΄ΡΠ»ΡΠ²
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