Attention with a mindful attitude attenuates subjective appetitive reactions and food intake following food-cue exposure.

BACKGROUND: Excessive energy intake that contributes to overweight and obesity is arguably driven by pleasure associated with the rewarding properties of energy-dense palatable foods. It is important to address influences of external food cues in food-abundant societies where people make over 200 food related decisions each day. This study experimentally examines protective effects of a mindful attention induction on appetitive measures, state craving and food intake following exposure to energy-dense foods. METHOD: Forty females were randomly allocated to a standard food-cue exposure condition in which attention is brought to the hedonic properties of food or food-cue exposure following a mindful attention induction. Appetitive reactions were measured pre, post and ten minutes after post-cue exposure, after which a plate of cookies was used as a surreptitious means of measuring food intake. RESULTS: Self-reported hunger remained unchanged and fullness significantly increased for the mindful attention group post-cue exposure whereas hunger significantly increased for the standard attention group and fullness remained unchanged. There was no significant between-group difference in state craving post-cue exposure and ten minutes later. Significantly more cookies were eaten by the standard attention group ten minutes post-cue exposure although no significant between-group differences in appetitive and craving measures were reported at that time. CONCLUSION: Our results point to a promising brief intervention strategy and highlights the importance of distinguishing mindful attention from attention. Results also demonstrate that mindful attention can influence food intake even when craving and hunger are experienced

Cost effective flat plate photovoltaic modules using light trapping

Work in optical trapping in 'thick films' is described to form a design guide for photovoltaic engineers. A thick optical film can trap light by diffusive reflection and total internal reflection. Light can be propagated reasonably long distances compared with layer thicknesses by this technique. This makes it possible to conduct light from inter-cell and intra-cell areas now not used in photovoltaic modules onto active cell areas

Metodología de Rediseño Curricular Integrador

En este tercer tiempo, nuestro propósito consistirá en presentar y debatir un caso concreto de rediseño curricular para fines de ejemplificación de la metodología descrita en el artículo anterior. Nuestra primera intención consiste en sugerir que el presente trabajo no ha sido elaborado como meditación abstracta, desde una especie de estratósfera conceptual, para delegar luego a otros la tarea de operacionalización. Al contrario, los resultados de esta investigación han sido pilares de la propia estrategia de reorganización curricular decidida por instituciones como la Universidad Nacional de Chimborazo (UNACH), en Ecuador, o el Colegio Militar, en México. Abstract In this third time, our purpose will be to introduce and discuss a particular case of curriculum redesign, for purposes of exemplification of the methodology described in the previous article. Our first intention is to suggest that the present work not has been designed as an abstract meditation, from a kind of conceptual stratosphere, and then wo would delegate to others the task of operationalizing. On the contrary, the results of this research have been pillars of own strategy of curricular reorganization decided by institutions such as Universidad Nacional de Chimborazo (UNACH), in Ecuador, or military school, in Mexico. &nbsp

Metodología de Rediseño Curricular Integrador

En este tercer tiempo, nuestro propósito consistirá en presentar y debatir un caso concreto de rediseño curricular para fines de ejemplificación de la metodología descrita en el artículo anterior. Nuestra primera intención consiste en sugerir que el presente trabajo no ha sido elaborado como meditación abstracta, desde una especie de estratósfera conceptual, para delegar luego a otros la tarea de operacionalización. Al contrario, los resultados de esta investigación han sido pilares de la propia estrategia de reorganización curricular decidida por instituciones como la Universidad Nacional de Chimborazo (UNACH), en Ecuador, o el Colegio Militar, en México. Abstract In this third time, our purpose will be to introduce and discuss a particular case of curriculum redesign, for purposes of exemplification of the methodology described in the previous article. Our first intention is to suggest that the present work not has been designed as an abstract meditation, from a kind of conceptual stratosphere, and then wo would delegate to others the task of operationalizing. On the contrary, the results of this research have been pillars of own strategy of curricular reorganization decided by institutions such as Universidad Nacional de Chimborazo (UNACH), in Ecuador, or military school, in Mexico. &nbsp

Magnetism and unconventional superconductivity in Cen_nMm_mIn3n+2m_{3n+2m} heavy-fermion crystals

We review magnetic, superconducting and non-Fermi-liquid properties of the structurally layered heavy-fermion compounds Ce$_n$M$_m$In$_{3n+2m}$ (M=Co, Rh, Ir). These properties suggest d-wave superconductivity and proximity to an antiferromagetic quantum-critical point.Comment: submitted 23rd International Conference on Low Temperature Physics (LT-23), Aug. 200

Non-Markovian spin relaxation in two-dimensional electron gas

We analyze by Monte-Carlo simulations and analytically spin dynamics of two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) interacting with short-range scatterers in nonquantizing magnetic fields. It is shown that the spin dynamics is non-Markovian with the exponential spin relaxation followed by the oscillating tail due to the electrons residing on the closed trajectories. The tail relaxes on a long time scale due to an additional smooth random potential and inelastic processes. The developed analytical theory and Monte-Carlo simulations are in the quantitative agreement with each other.Comment: 6 pages, 3 figure

Electronic Shell Structure and Relative Abundances of Cesium-Coated C60

URL:http://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/PhysRevLett.77.1127 DOI:10.1103/PhysRevLett.77.1127The relative abundances of C60Cs(N), N≤500, determined from mass spectra measurements, are presented and explained in terms of the successive filling of the electronic shells by the cesium valence electrons. The motion of the Cs valence electrons, confined to a metal layer surrounding the C60 molecule, is described within the jellium model, with Cs spread into a uniform positive background. The electronic shell structure is calculated with the local approximation to density-functional theory and is shown to correspond to measured abundances. Strong Friedel oscillations in the electronic density are found and closed forms for them are given for jellium spheres both with and without the void.M. S. and S. S. would like to thank the Research Board of the University of Missouri for partial financial assistance

Designing data warehouses for geographic OLAP querying by using MDA

Data aggregation in Geographic Information Systems (GIS) is a desirable feature, spatial data are integrated in OLAP engines for this purpose. However, the development and operation of those systems is still a complex task due to methodologies followed. There are some ad hoc solutions that deal only with isolated aspects and do not provide developer and analyst with an intuitive, integrated and standard framework for designing all relevant parts. To overcome these problems, we have defined a model driven approach to accomplish Geographic Data Warehouse (GDW) development. Then, we have defined a data model required to implement and query spatial data. Its modeling is defined and implemented by using an extension of UML metamodel and it is also formalized by using OCL language. In addition, the proposal has been verified against a example scenario with sample data sets. For this purpose, we have accomplished a developing tool based on Eclipse platform and MDA standard. The great advantage of this solution is that developers can directly include spatial data at conceptual level, while decision makers can also conceptually make geographic queries without being aware of logical details.This work has been partially supported by the ESPIA project (TIN2007-67078) from the Spanish Ministry of Education and Science and by the QUASIMODO project (PAC08-0157-0668) from the Castilla-La Mancha Ministry of Education and Science (Spain). Octavio Glorio is funded by the University of Alicante under the 11th Latin American grant program

Element resolved ultrafast demagnetization rates in ferrimagnetic CoDy

Femtosecond laser induced ultrafast magnetization dynamics have been studied in multisublattice CoxDy1-x alloys. By performing element and time-resolved X-ray spectroscopy, we distinguish the ultrafast quenching of Co3d and Dy4f magnetic order when the initial temperatures are below (T=150K) or above (T=270K) the temperature of magnetic compensation (Tcomp). In accordance with former element-resolved investigations and theoretical calculations, we observe different dynamics for Co3d and Dy4f spins. In addition we observe that, for a given laser fluence, the demagnetization amplitudes and demagnetization times are not affected by the existence of a temperature of magnetic compensation. However, our experiment reveals a twofold increase of the ultrafast demagnetization rates for the Dy sublattice at low temperature. In parallel, we measure a constant demagnetization rate of the Co3d sublattice above and below Tcomp. This intriguing difference between the Dy4f and Co3d sublattices calls for further theoretical and experimental investigations.Comment: 6 Figure, 2 Table