Regularity of solutions of elliptic equations in divergence form in modified local generalized Morrey spaces

AbstractAim of this paper is to prove regularity results, in some Modified Local Generalized Morrey Spaces, for the first derivatives of the solutions of a divergence elliptic second order equation of the form$$\begin{aligned} \mathscr {L}u{:}{=}\sum _{i,j=1}^{n}\left( a_{ij}(x)u_{x_{i}}\right) _{x_{j}}=\nabla \cdot f,\qquad \hbox {for almost all }x\in \Omega \end{aligned}$$Lu:=∑i,j=1naij(x)uxixj=∇·f,for almost allx∈Ωwhere the coefficients$$a_{ij}$$aijbelong to the Central (that is, Local) Sarason class CVMO andfis assumed to be in some Modified Local Generalized Morrey Spaces$$\widetilde{LM}_{\{x_{0}\}}^{p,\varphi }$$LM~{x0}p,φ. Heart of the paper is to use an explicit representation formula for the first derivatives of the solutions of the elliptic equation in divergence form, in terms of singular integral operators and commutators with Calderón–Zygmund kernels. Combining the representation formula with some Morrey-type estimates for each operator that appears in it, we derive several regularity results

Establishment and Marketing of New Oil Benchmarks in the Structure of Global Oil and Oil Products Mercantile Trade: the Russian Case

The organization of oil and oil products stock trading that requires for independent national price indicators establishment, will promote the formation of a fair prices for energy commodities, the extension of influence of the national currency on the global market and the decrease of impact of external fluctuations of global economy. In this article, the authors review the possibility of inclusion of new oil benchmarks in the structure of the global oil and oil products mercantile trade. In particular, the Russian case is the major research subject, and the assessment is made for the purpose of strengthening the country's leverage over free market prices and in the interests of the state budget and national companies. Special attention is also given to the analysis of the contemporary contract structure of the global oil market and imposed risks. The authors develop the methodological framework for oil and oil products price indicators calculation and the suggestions about the promotion and marketing of Russian oil benchmark on the international level. Keywords: oil, oil products, mercantile exchange, benchmark, global oil market, international relations JEL Classifications: F13, N70, O24, Q4

Induction melt thermoforming of advanced multi-axial thermoplastic composite laminates

The viability of using induction heating to facilitate the wrinkle-free forming of multi-axial pre-consolidated advanced thermoplastic composites over complex geometries is explored. The research focuses on the use of tin as a medium to both heat and lubricate the forming laminate. Initial tests demonstrate the viability of the fundamental ideas of the process; induction heating is used to melt the tin sheet, which is then shown to melt the matrix phase of carbon-nylon composite laminates when stacked in a hybrid composite/tin layup. A novel low-cost reconfigurable multi-step forming tool is used to demonstrate how most of the tin can be squeezed out of the layup prior to consolidation. The multi-step tool can be augmented with segmented tooling to rapidly manufacture composite parts of high geometric complexity. In this investigation, a 'ripple' geometry containing three 'cavities' is used to demonstrate the technique. Tests demonstrated that at least three sheets of inter-laminar tin can be simultaneously melted using the induction heating system. Initial results indicate complex geometries can be formed with minimal wrinkling while removing interlaminar tin

The effect of ticagrelor and clopidogrel on angiographic parameters according to diabetic status in patients with ST elevation myocardial infarction

Aim. We aimed to compare post-interventional angiographic outcomes of ticagrelor versus clopidogrel according to glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels in patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction.Material and methods. The study included a total of 532 patients, with 334 receiving ticagrelor (62,8%) and 198 clopidogrel (37,2%). Diabetic status of the patients was assessed with HbA1c. TIMI flow grade and TIMI frame count were calculated and compared between two groups.Results. TIMI flow grade 3 was higher and TFC was lower after percutaneous coronary intervention of the infarct-related artery in patients treated with ticagrelor compared to clopidogrel (89,2% vs. 73,7%; p< 0,001, 20 vs. 24; p< 0,001). There was a positive correlation between the increases in HbA1c and TFC levels in the whole group (r=0,225; p=0,004). In subgroup analysis, higher HbA1c levels did not affect TFC in patients using ticagrelor (r=-0,060; p=0,326 for patients with noreflow, r=-0,133; p=0,321 for patients with TIMI-3 flow). While level of HbA1c did not affect TFC in patients with TIMI-3 flow, the presence of post-procedural no-reflow caused worsening of TFC in patients using clopidogrel as HbA1c levels increased (r=0,374; p=0,005).Conclusion. Ticagrelor was found to be better in terms of angiographic parameters regardless of diabetes

ВЕРОЯТНОСТНОЕ ПОТОКОРАСПРЕДЕЛЕНИЕ КАК РЕАКЦИЯ НА СТОХАСТИЧНОСТЬ НАГРУЗКИ В ЭНЕРГОСИСТЕМЕ

For the analysis and control of power systems deterministic approaches that are implemented in the form of well-known methods and models of calculation of steady-state and transient modes are mostly use in current practice. With the use of these methods it is possible to obtain solutions only for fixed circuit parameters of the system scheme and assuming that active and reactive powers as well as generation in nodal points of the network remain the same. In reality the stochastic character of power consumption cause the casual fluctuations of voltages at the nodes and power flows in electric power lines of the power system. Such casual fluctuations of operation can be estimated with the use of probabilistic simulation of the power flows. In the article the results of research of the influence of depth of casual fluctuations of the load power of the system on the probability distribution of voltage at nodes as well as on the flows of active and reactive power in the lines are presented. Probabilistic modeling of flow under stochastic load change is performed for different levels of fluctuations and under loading of the mode of the system up to peak load power. Test study to quantify the effect of stochastic variability of loads on the probabilistic distribution parameters of the modes was carried out on behalf of the electrical network of the real power system. The results of the simulation of the probability flow distribution for these fluctuations of the load, represented in the form of discrete sample values of the active power obtained with the use of the analytical Monte-Carlo method, and real data measurements of their values in the network under examination were compared.В существующей практике для анализа и управления режимами энергосистем в основном используются детерминистические подходы, которые реализуются в виде известных методов и моделей расчета установившихся и переходных режимов. С помощью этих методов можно получить решения только при фиксированных параметрах схемы системы и при допущении, что задаваемые в узлах активные и реактивные мощности нагрузки и генерации сохраняются неизменными. В условиях реальной эксплуатации стохастический характер изменчивости потребления создают случайные флуктуации напряжений в узлах и перетоков мощности в линиях электрическoй сети энергосистемы. Такие случайные флуктуации режима могут быть оценены с помощью модeлирования вероятностного потокораспределения. В статье приводятся результаты исследования влияния глубины случайных флуктуаций мощности нагрузки системы на вероятности распределения напряжений в узлах и потоки активной и реактивной мощности в линиях. Моделирование вероятностного потокораспределения в условиях стохастического изменения нагрузки выполняется для разных уровней флуктуаций и при утяжелении режима системы, вплоть до пиковой мощности нагрузки. Тестовые исследования для количественной оценки влияния стохастической изменчивости нагрузки на вероятностное распределение параметров режимов проводили на примере электрической сети реальной энергосистемы. Сравнивали результаты моделирования вероятностного потокораспределения для данных флуктуаций нагрузки, представляемых в виде дискретных выборок величин активной мощности, получаемых аналитическим путем методом Монте-Карло и данных реальных замеров их значений в исследуемой сети

Performance of the first prototype of the CALICE scintillator strip electromagnetic calorimeter

A first prototype of a scintillator strip-based electromagnetic calorimeter was built, consisting of 26 layers of tungsten absorber plates interleaved with planes of 45x10x3 mm3 plastic scintillator strips. Data were collected using a positron test beam at DESY with momenta between 1 and 6 GeV/c. The prototype's performance is presented in terms of the linearity and resolution of the energy measurement. These results represent an important milestone in the development of highly granular calorimeters using scintillator strip technology. This technology is being developed for a future linear collider experiment, aiming at the precise measurement of jet energies using particle flow techniques

The Time Structure of Hadronic Showers in highly granular Calorimeters with Tungsten and Steel Absorbers

The intrinsic time structure of hadronic showers influences the timing capability and the required integration time of hadronic calorimeters in particle physics experiments, and depends on the active medium and on the absorber of the calorimeter. With the CALICE T3B experiment, a setup of 15 small plastic scintillator tiles read out with Silicon Photomultipliers, the time structure of showers is measured on a statistical basis with high spatial and temporal resolution in sampling calorimeters with tungsten and steel absorbers. The results are compared to GEANT4 (version 9.4 patch 03) simulations with different hadronic physics models. These comparisons demonstrate the importance of using high precision treatment of low-energy neutrons for tungsten absorbers, while an overall good agreement between data and simulations for all considered models is observed for steel.Comment: 24 pages including author list, 9 figures, published in JINS

Technical Design Report for the PANDA Solenoid and Dipole Spectrometer Magnets

This document is the Technical Design Report covering the two large spectrometer magnets of the PANDA detector set-up. It shows the conceptual design of the magnets and their anticipated performance. It precedes the tender and procurement of the magnets and, hence, is subject to possible modifications arising during this process.Comment: 10 pages, 14MB, accepted by FAIR STI in May 2009, editors: Inti Lehmann (chair), Andrea Bersani, Yuri Lobanov, Jost Luehning, Jerzy Smyrski, Technical Coordiantor: Lars Schmitt, Bernd Lewandowski (deputy), Spokespersons: Ulrich Wiedner, Paola Gianotti (deputy