The significance of the expression of galectin-3 in the pathogenesis of primary biliary cholangitis in mice

Izvod: Uticaj galektina-3 na patogenezu primarnog bilijarnog holangitisa do sada nije ispitivan, a rezultati ove studije jasno pokazuju da Gal-3 može da ima potpuno suprotne efekte na tok bolesti u dva razlišita modela pa izgleda sasvim dokumentovano da uticaj galektina-3 na razvoj i tok bolesti zavisi od dominantnog mehanizma indukcije bolesti. U modelu primarnog bilijarnog holangitisa indukovanog imunizacijom C57BL/6 miševa ksenobiotikom u adjuvansu Gal-3 ima protektivni efekat, ubalažavajći bolest verovatno tako što štiti holangiocite od apoptoze čime smanjuje dostupnost autoantigena i tako ograničava autoimunski proces. Suprotno, u modelu ove bolesti izazvane bakterijom Novosphingobium aromaticivorans odsustvo galektina-3 gotovo da čini miševe rezistentnim na razvoj RVS najverovatnije zbog neadekvatne aktivacije dendritskih ćelija bakterijom u odsustvu galektina-3, usled čega izostaje i aktivacija svih ostalih ćelija (NKT i NK ćelija, T limfocita) koje učestvuju u razvoju oštećenja bilijarnih kanala.Abstract: The impact of galectin-3 in the pathogenesis of primary biliary cholangitis has not been studied, and the results of this study clearly show that Gal-3 can have completely opposite effects on the course of the disease in two different induction models looks quite documented that the effect of galectin-3 in the development and course of the disease depends on the prevalent mechanism for the induction of the disease. In the model of primary of biliary cholangitis induced by immunizing C57BL/6 mice with xenobiotics in adjuvant, Gal-3 has a protective effect, mitigating disease probably by protecting from apoptosis holangiocite thus reducing the availability of autoantigens, thus limiting the autoimmune process. Contrary, in the model of this disease caused by bacteria Novosphingobium aromaticivorans absence of galectin-3 almost makes the mice resistant to the development of PBC most likely due to inadequate activation of dendritic cells by the bacteria in the absence of galectin-3, and subsequent reduced activation of other cells (NKT and NK cells, T lymphocytes) that participate in the development of biliary duct damage

Victimization of Serbs and Jews in Ljubo Jandrić's novel "Jasenovac"

Posmatrajući Jandrićev roman kao svojevrsno svedočanstvo o zločinima nad Srbima i Jevrejima, počinjenim u koncentracionom logoru Jasenovac, u radu se bavimo genezom zla, mržnje i destrukcije. Takođe, fokus je usmeren na upotrebu dokumentarne i arhivske građe u romaneskne svrhe. Upravo iz tog razloga, tumačenje ćemo izvoditi interdisciplinarnim pristupom, konsultujući poznate ali i novije studije o ustaškim zločinima. Militantni rasizam i verska mržnja prema Srbima, Jevrejima i Romima, podsticani u okviru državnog aparata, negovani i praktikovani u redovima Katoličke crkve, proželi su sve pore društva ND Hrvatske i na koncu doživeli kulminaciju u strategijama ustaške nekropolitike koja je rezultirala totalnim genocidom. U radu smo, na primeru Jandrićevog romana, ukazali na etape razvoja ustaške ideologije i nekropolitičke prakse.Examining Jandrić's novel as a testimony about the crimes against the Serbs and the Jews, committed in the concentration camp Jasenovac, we deal with the genesis of evil, hatred, and destruction. Also, the focus of the paper is on the use of documentary and archival material. Precisely for that reason, we performed the interpretation with an interdisciplinary approach, consulting the well-known, but likewise recent studies on the Ustasha crimes as well. Militant racism and religious hatred towards the Serbs, the Jews, and the Roma, encouraged within the state apparatus, nurtured and practised in the ranks of the Catholic Church, permeated all the pores of the society of the Independent State of Croatia and finally culminated in the strategies of Ustasha necropolitics that resulted in total genocide. In the paper, through the example of Jandrić's novel, we point out the stages of development of the Ustasha ideology and necropolitical practice.Izdavanje ovog zbornika podržalo je Ministarstvo prosvete, nauke i tehnološkog razvoja Republike Srbije

The Content of Coumarin in the Commercial Samples of Cinnamon Bark and Cinnamon-Containing Dietary Supplements Available on the Serbian Market

Cinnamon bark is used worldwide due to its characteristic flavour and medicinal properties. Ceylon cinnamon or “true” cinnamon bark refers to the dried inner bark of the shoots of Cinnamomum verum J. Presl, originated from Sri Lanka. The bark of some other species of this genus, Cinnamomum cassia Blume (Chinese cinnamon), C. burmanni (Nees & T. Nees) Blume (Indonesian cinnamon), and C. loureiroi Nees (Saigon cinnamon) are also marketed and sold as cinnamon. They are characterised by a significantly higher amount of coumarin compared to Ceylon cinnamon bark. Since coumarin may be potentially hepatotoxic, the aim of this study was to determine coumarin level in commercial samples of cinnamon bark and in cinnamon-containing dietary supplements present on the Serbian market. HPLC analysis showed lowest coumarin content in Ceylon cinnamon bark samples (0.08–0.15 mg g–1), whereas other samples contained a significantly higher amounts of coumarin (1.38–5.80 mg g–1). Cinnamon based dietary supplements contained 0.007-1.19 mg coumarin/tablet. The obtained results indicate that the majority of commercial samples of cinnamon bark on the Serbian market do not originate from the Ceylon cinnamon but from other species of this genus, and that consumed amount of certain products should be taken into account since the tolerable daily intake of coumarin is limited

Asymptotic dynamics of the alternate degrees of freedom for a two-mode system: an analytically solvable model

The composite systems can be non-uniquely decomposed into parts (subsystems). Not all decompositions (structures) of a composite system are equally physically relevant. In this paper we answer on theoretical ground why it may be so. We consider a pair of mutually un-coupled modes in the phase space representation that are subjected to the independent quantum amplitude damping channels. By investigating asymptotic dynamics of the degrees of freedom, we find that the environment is responsible for the structures non-equivalence. Only one structure is distinguished by both locality of the environmental in uence on its subsystems and a classical-like description.Comment: 11 pages, no figures/table

Conjunct Agreement and Gender in South Slavic: From Theory to Experiments to Theory

Agreement with coordinated subjects in Slavic languages has recently seen a rapid increase in theoretical and experimental approaches, contributing to a wider theoretical discussion on the locus of agreement in grammar (cf. Marušič, Nevins, and Saksida 2007; Bošković 2009; Marušič, Nevins, and Badecker 2015). This paper revisits the theoretical predictions proposed for conjunction agreement in a group of South Slavic languages, with a special focus on gender agreement. The paper is based on two experiments involving speakers of Bosnian/Croatian/Serbian (BCS) and Slovenian (Sln). Experiment 1 is an elicited production experiment investigating preverbal-conjunct agreement, while Experiment 2 investigates postverbal-conjunct agreement. The data provide experimental evidence discriminating between syntax proper and distributed-agreement models in terms of their ability to account for preverbal highest-conjunct agreement and present a theoretical mechanism for the distinction between default agreement (which has a fixed number and gender, independent of the value of each conjunct) and resolved agreement (which computes number and gender based on the values of each conjunct and must resolve potential conflicts). Focusing on the variability in the gender-agreement ratio across nine combinations, the experimental results for BCS and Sln morphosyntax challenge the notion of gender markedness that is generally posited for South Slavic languages

Stability of quantum-dot excited-state laser emission under simultaneous ground-state perturbation

The impact of ground state amplification on the laser emission of In(Ga)As quantum dot excited state lasers is studied in time-resolved experiments. We find that a depopulation of the quantum dot ground state is followed by a drop in excited state lasing intensity. The magnitude of the drop is strongly dependent on the wavelength of the depletion pulse and the applied injection current. Numerical simulations based on laser rate equations reproduce the experimental results and explain the wavelength dependence by the different dynamics in lasing and non-lasing sub-ensembles within the inhomogeneously broadened quantum dots. At high injection levels, the observed response even upon perturbation of the lasing sub-ensemble is small and followed by a fast recovery, thus supporting the capacity of fast modulation in dual-state devices

Potential use of deodorised water extracts: polyphenol-rich extract of Thymus pannonicus All. as a chemopreventive agent

Deodorised water extracts of aromatic plants are obtained as by-products of essential oil isolation and usually discarded as waste. However, phytochemical composition of these extracts encourages their further utilization as food additives or functional food ingredients. In this study we investigated phytochemical composition, antioxidant and in vivo antiproliferative activity of deodorised water extract of Thymus pannonicus All. (DWE). HPLC analysis revealed rosmarinic acid (RA) (71.11 +/- 1.54 mg/g) as the most abundant constituent of the extract, followed by salvianolic acid H (14.83 +/- 0.79 mg/g, calculated as RA). DWE exhibited pronounced antioxidant activity in vitro, in FRAP and DPPH tests (FRAP value: 7.41 mmol Fe/g and SC50: 3.80 mu g/g, respectively). Using the model of Ehrlich carcinoma cells in mice that were treated with DWE prior, at the time, and after tumour cells implantation, the tumour growth suppression and redox status of malignant cells (i.e., activities of antioxidant enzymes, level of glutathione and intensity of lipid peroxidation) were followed. DWE applied as pretreatment caused disturbance of antioxidant equilibrium as well as apoptosis/necrosis of up to 90% EAC cells. Results obtained in the present study revealed chemopreventive potential and possibility of T. pannonicus DWE usage. High content of RA and other phenolic compounds explains, at least in part, the observed effects

Mapping the nexus of transitional justice and peacebuilding

This paper explores the convergences and divergence between transitional justice and peace-building, by considering some of the recent developments in scholarship and practice. We examine the notion of ‘peace’ in transitional justice and the idea of ‘justice’ in peacebuilding. We highlight that transitional justice and peacebuilding often engage with similar or related ideas, though the scholarship on in each field has developed, largely, in parallel to each other, and of-ten without any significant engagement between the fields of inquiry. We also note that both fields share other commonalities, insofar as they often neglect questions of capital (political, social, economic) and at times, gender. We suggest that trying to locate the nexus in the first place draws attention to where peace and justice have actually got to be produced in order for there not to be conflict and violence. This in turn demonstrates that locally, ‘peace’ and ‘justice’ do not always look like the ‘peace’ and ‘justice’ drawn up by international donors and peace-builders; and, despite the ‘turn to the local’ in international relations, it is surprising just how many local and everyday dynamics are (dis)missed as sources of peace and justice, or potential avenues of addressing the past