48 research outputs found
Modeling Ferro- and Antiferromagnetic Interactions in Metal-Organic Coordination Networks
Magnetization curves of two rectangular metal-organic coordination networks
formed by the organic ligand TCNQ (7,7,8,8-tetracyanoquinodimethane) and two
different (Mn and Ni) 3d transition metal atoms [M(3d)] show marked differences
that are explained using first principles density functional theory and model
calculations. We find that the existence of a weakly dispersive hybrid band
with M(3d) and TCNQ character crossing the Fermi level is determinant for the
appearance of ferromagnetic coupling between metal centers, as it is the case
of the metallic system Ni-TCNQ but not of the insulating system Mn-TCNQ. The
spin magnetic moment localized at the Ni atoms induces a significant spin
polarization in the organic molecule; the corresponding spin density being
delocalized along the whole system. The exchange interaction between localized
spins at Ni centers and the itinerant spin density is ferromagnetic. Based on
two different model Hamiltonians, we estimate the strength of exchange
couplings between magnetic atoms for both Ni- and Mn-TCNQ networks that results
in weak ferromagnetic and very weak antiferromagnetic correlations for Ni- and
Mn-TCNQ networks, respectively.Comment: 27 pages, 6 figures, accepted for publication; Journal of Physical
Chemistry C (2014
Thermocatalytic and Semiconductor Sensors for Monitoring Gas Mixtures
Today in the world, special attention is paid to the creation of express and
inexpensive chemical sensors for reliable and unambiguous control of leaks and accumulations of
natural gas. Analysis of the development of gas sensors in industrially developed countries has
shown that the use of thermocatalytic and semiconductor sensors is the most promising for
preventing explosion. The composition of the catalyst of the measuring and compensating sensing
element of the methane sensor is established in the work. Using a technique to ensure selectivity
with the use of the above catalysts, a thermocatalytic sensor was manufactured for the selective
determination of methane in the presence of carbon monoxide and hydrogen
Π‘ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π· Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΠΏΡΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠΌΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΊΡΠ² ΡΠ° ΡΡ Π²ΠΏΠ»ΠΈΠ² Π½Π° ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΉ ΡΡΠ°Π½ ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ
The article presents the synthesis of new phosphorylated peptidomimetics, and the biological activity of the compounds synthesized has been assessed for the ο¬ rst time on the experimental animals β male rats. On the basisΒ of a diethyl ester of 1-benzoylamino-2,2,2-trihloroethylphosphonic acids a novel derivative of 1,3-oxazol-4-phosphonic acid diethyl ester containing the residue of methylaminoethan-1-ol in position 5 of the oxazole ring hasΒ been synthesized. The optimal conditions for cleavage of the 1,3-oxazole ring in the acidic medium with formation of phosphorylated peptidomimetics have been found. Thus, when treating it with 85 % aqueous triο¬ uoroacetic acid a diethyl ester of {benzoylamino[(2-ydroxyethyl)carbamoyl]methyl} phosphonic acid has been obtained, and Β the action of hydrogen chloride under anhydrous conditions gives a diethyl ester of {benzoylamino[(2-chloroethyl) carbamoyl]methyl} phosphonic acid. The method developed is very convenient and preparative because reactionsΒ proceed in mild conditions without formation of undesirable by-products. Moreover, peptidomimetics are isolatedΒ with high yields, and their isolation does not require chromatography. Monitoring of different functional parametersΒ of cardiac hemodynamics was performed in rats in vivo using a microcatheter and the Millar Pressure-VolumeΒ System. The study of the effect of the compounds obtained on the cardiac output has shown that their intraperitoneal introduction results in the heart rate decrease and stimulation of the contractile activity of the myocardium.ΠΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ ΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π· Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡΡ
ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΏΠ΅ΠΏΡΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠΌΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ², ΠΈ Π²ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ²ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΊΠ° Π±ΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠΎΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π½Π° ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ
β ΠΊΡΡΡΠ°Ρ
-ΡΠ°ΠΌΡΠ°Ρ
. Π’Π°ΠΊ, Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅ Π΄ΠΈΡΡΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΠΈΡΠ° 1-Π±Π΅Π½Π·ΠΎΠΈΠ»Π°ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΎ-2,2,2-ΡΡΠΈΡ
Π»ΠΎΡΡΡΠΈΠ»ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡΡ ΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ΅ Π΄ΠΈΡΡΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΠΈΡΠ° 2-ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ»-1,3-ΠΎΠΊΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ»-4-ΠΈΠ»ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡΡ, ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°ΡΠ΅Π΅ Π² ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ 5 ΠΎΠΊΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ° ΠΎΡΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠΊ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ»Π°ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠ°Π½-1-ΠΎΠ»Π°. ΠΠ°ΠΉΠ΄Π΅Π½Ρ ΠΎΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅Β ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ 1,3-ΠΎΠΊΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΈΠΊΠ»Π° Π² ΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅ Ρ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΏΠ΅ΠΏΡΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠΌΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ². Π’Π°ΠΊ, ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΠ΅ Π΅Π³ΠΎ 85% Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡΠΎΠΉ Π±ΡΠ» ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ Π΄ΠΈΡΡΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΡΠΉ ΡΡΠΈΡ {Π±Π΅Π½Π·ΠΎΠΈΠ»Π°ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΎ[(2-ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠ»)ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ»ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ±Π°ΠΌΠΎΠΈΠ»]ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ»}ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡΡ, Π° Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΅ Ρ
Π»ΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄Π° Π² Π±Π΅Π·Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΡ
ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡ
Π΄Π°Π΅Ρ Π΄ΠΈΡΡΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΡΠΉ ΡΡΠΈΡ {Π±Π΅Π½Π·ΠΎΠΈΠ»Π°ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΎ[(2-Ρ
Π»ΠΎΡΡΡΠΈΠ»)ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ»ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ±Π°ΠΌΠΎΠΈΠ»]ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ»}ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡΡ. Π Π°Π·ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°Π½Π½ΡΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ ΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π·Π° ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΡΠ΄ΠΎΠ±Π½ΡΠΌ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΠΌ, ΡΠ°ΠΊ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π²ΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΡΡ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ Π² ΠΌΡΠ³ΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡ
, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΈΠ·Π±Π΅ΠΆΠ°ΡΡ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ±ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΡΠΎΠ². ΠΡΠΈ ΡΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΠ΅ΠΏΡΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠΌΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ Π²ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Ρ Ρ Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΈΠΌΠΈ Π²ΡΡ
ΠΎΠ΄Π°ΠΌΠΈ Π±Π΅Π· ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Ρ
ΡΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΊ. Π Π΅Π³ΠΈΡΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡ ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΄ΠΈΠΎΠ³Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ»Π°ΡΡ Ρ ΠΊΡΡΡ in vivo Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡΠΎΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠ° ΠΈ Millar Pressure-Volume System. ΠΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π²Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠΎΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π½Π° ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΄ΡΠ° ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π»ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΈΡ
Π²Π²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΡΡΡΠ°ΠΌ Π²Π½ΡΡΡΠΈΠ±ΡΡΡΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ ΠΊ ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΎΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΄Π΅ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠΎΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΈ ΡΡΠΈΠΌΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΈΒ ΡΠΎΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΌΠΈΠΎΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΄Π°.ΠΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π· Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ
ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ»ΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ
ΠΏΠ΅ΠΏΡΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠΌΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΊΡΠ², ΡΠ° Π²ΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Π° ΠΎΡΡΠ½ΠΊΠ° Π±ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΡ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ
ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊ Π½Π° Π΅ΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
ΡΠ²Π°ΡΠΈΠ½Π°Ρ
β ΡΡΡΠ°Ρ
-ΡΠ°ΠΌΡΡΡ
. ΠΠ° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Ρ Π΄ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π΅ΡΡΠ΅ΡΡ 1-Π±Π΅Π½Π·ΠΎΡΠ»Π°ΠΌΡΠ½ΠΎ-2,2,2-ΡΡΠΈΡ
Π»ΠΎΡΠΎΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ»ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡ ΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡΠΈ ΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎ Π½ΠΎΠ²Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΡ
ΡΠ΄Π½Π΅Β Π΄ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π΅ΡΡΠ΅ΡΡ 2-ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠ»-1,3-ΠΎΠΊΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ»-4-ΡΠ»ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡ ΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡΠΈ, ΡΠΎ ΠΌΡΡΡΠΈΡΡ Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ 5 ΠΎΠΊΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΡ Π·Π°Π»ΠΈΡΠΎΠΊ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ»Π°ΠΌΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ΡΠ°Π½-1-ΠΎΠ»Ρ. ΠΠ½Π°ΠΉΠ΄Π΅Π½Ρ ΠΎΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠ½Ρ ΡΠΌΠΎΠ²ΠΈ ΡΠΎΠ·ΠΊΡΠΈΡΡΡ 1,3-ΠΎΠΊΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΈΠΊΠ»Ρ Π² ΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΠΌΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡ Π· ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ»ΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ
ΠΏΠ΅ΠΏΡΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠΌΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΊΡΠ². Π’Π°ΠΊ, ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠΎΠ±ΡΡ ΠΉΠΎΠ³ΠΎ 85% Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΡ ΡΡΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡ ΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡΠΎΡ Π±ΡΠ² ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π΄ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠΉ Π΅ΡΡΠ΅Ρ {Π±Π΅Π½Π·ΠΎΡΠ»Π°ΠΌΡΠ½ΠΎ[(2-Π³ΡΠ΄ΡΠΎΠΊΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ») ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ»ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ±Π°ΠΌΠΎΡΠ»]ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ»}ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡ ΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡΠΈ, Π° Π΄ΡΡ Ρ
Π»ΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π½Ρ Π² Π±Π΅Π·Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΈΡ
ΡΠΌΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ
Π΄Π°Ρ Π΄ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠΉ Β Π΅ΡΡΠ΅Ρ {Π±Π΅Π½Π·ΠΎΡΠ»Π°ΠΌΡΠ½ΠΎ[(2-Ρ
Π»ΠΎΡΠΎΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ»)ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ»ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ±Π°ΠΌΠΎΡΠ»]ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ»}ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡ ΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡΠΈ. Π ΠΎΠ·ΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ ΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π·Ρ Ρ Π·ΡΡΡΠ½ΠΈΠΌ ΡΠ° ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΈΠΌ, ΠΎΡΠΊΡΠ»ΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠ²ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΡ
ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΡ Ρ ΠΌβΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΠΌΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ
, ΡΠΎ Π΄ΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΒ ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ½ΡΡΠΈ ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΡΡΠ². ΠΡΠΈ ΡΡΠΎΠΌΡ ΠΏΠ΅ΠΏΡΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠΌΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½Ρ Π· Π²ΠΈΡΠΎΠΊΠΈΠΌΠΈ Π²ΠΈΡ
ΠΎΠ΄Π°ΠΌΠΈ Π±Π΅Π· Π·Π°ΡΡΠΎΡΡΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ Ρ
ΡΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΊ. Π Π΅ΡΡΡΡΠ°ΡΡΡ ΡΡΠ·Π½ΠΈΡ
ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π½ΠΈΠΊΡΠ² ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΄ΡΠΎΠ³Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ»Π°ΡΡ Ρ ΡΡΡΡΠ² in vivo Π·Π° Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ³ΠΎΡ ΠΌΡΠΊΡΠΎΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠ° Ρ Millar Pressure-Volume System. ΠΠΎΡΠ»ΡΠ΄ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ Π²ΠΏΠ»ΠΈΠ²Ρ ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΡ
ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊ Π½Π° ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΉ ΡΡΠ°Π½ ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π»ΠΎ, ΡΠΎ ΡΡ
Π²Π²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Π½Ρ ΡΡΡΠ°ΠΌ Π²Π½ΡΡΡΡΡΠ½ΡΠΎΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π²ΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΡ Π΄ΠΎ Π·Π½ΠΈΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΎΡΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ΅Π²ΠΈΡ
ΡΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠ΅Π½Ρ Ρ ΡΡΠΈΠΌΡΠ»ΡΡΡΡ ΡΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠ»ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΌΡΠΎΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΄Π°
CΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π· ΡΠ° Π²ΠΈΠ²ΡΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ Π²Π°Π·ΠΎΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΈΡ Π²Π»Π°ΡΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ 4-ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ 1,3-ΠΎΠΊΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ², ΡΠΊΡ ΠΌΡΡΡΡΡΡ Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ 5 Π·Π°Π»ΠΈΡΠΎΠΊ N-ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ»-D-Π³Π»ΡΠΊΠ°ΠΌΡΠ½Ρ
The analysis of literature data shows the prospects of searching drugs with different biological activity among 1,3-oxazoles. Aim. To develop preparative methods of the synthesis of new 4-fuctionalized 1,3-oxazoles containing the N-methyl-D-glucamine fragment in position 5 and to study their physical, chemical and biological properties. Results and discussion. It has been found that 1,3-oxazoles reveal the vasodilatative and vasoconstrictive effect on the tonic activity of the vessels preactivated with phenylephrine depending on the concentration and the chemical structure of the compounds. The article describes the vasodilatative and vasoconstrictive efficacy of new 1,3-oxazoles compared to the known adrenolytic drug β amiodarone, and the inhibitor of potassium channels β 4-aminopyridine (pimadin).Experimental part. A number of new 4-fuctionalized 1,3-oxazoles containing the N-methyl-D-glucamine fragment in position 5 was synthesized. Their biological activity was assessed under the action of selective agonists of 1-adrenoreceptors (phenylephrine), 5HT2A-receptor (serotonin) on the isolated segments of the ratβs aorta previously constricted or by blocking potassium channels with the high potassium Krebs solution.Conclusions. It has been found that in the case of the serotonin constricted isolated aortic segments only the vasoconstriction is observed in contrast of the vessel activated with phenylephrine. If the constriction of the aortic segments is carried out with a high potassium solution, there is no vasotonic activity of 1,3-oxazole derivatives. The data obtained indicate the possible molecular mechanism of their biological activity with the participation of vascular adrenergic receptors and potassium channels, their inhibition may lead to vasodilatation at the comparatively high concentration of the compounds or vasoconstriction at the comparatively low concentration of oxazoles, respectively.Β ΠΠ½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·ΡΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠΈΡΠΊΠ° ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ² Ρ ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π±ΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΡΡ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΈ 1,3-ΠΎΠΊΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ².Π¦Π΅Π»ΡΡ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΡ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΠ° ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡ
ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π·Π° Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡΡ
4-ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
1,3-ΠΎΠΊΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ², ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°ΡΠΈΡ
Π² ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ 5 ΡΡΠ°Π³ΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ N-ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ»-D-Π³Π»ΡΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈΠ½Π°, ΠΈ ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΡ
ΡΠΈΠ·ΠΈΠΊΠΎ-Ρ
ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΈ Π±ΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΉΡΡΠ².Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ ΠΈ ΠΈΡ
ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅. ΠΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π²Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΡ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΡ
1,3-ΠΎΠΊΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ»Π° Π½Π° ΡΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΡΡ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π²Π°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ»ΡΡΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ΄ΠΎΠ² Π²ΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π²Π°Π·ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ»Π°ΡΠΈΡΡΡΡΠΈΠΉ, ΡΠ°ΠΊ ΠΈ Π²Π°Π·ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΠΈΠΊΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡ ΡΠΎΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π² Π·Π°Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΎΡ ΠΈΡ
ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ Ρ
ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΡ. Π ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Ρ Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ Π²Π°Π·ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ»Π°ΡΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈ Π²Π°Π·ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΠΈΠΊΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡΡ
ΡΠΎΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΡΡΠ°Π²Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ Ρ Π»Π΅ΠΊΠ°ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ²Π°ΠΌΠΈ Π°Π΄ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠΎΠΌ Π°ΠΌΠΈΠΎΠ΄Π°ΡΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΈ ΠΈΠ½Π³ΠΈΠ±ΠΈΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΊΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ΅Π²ΡΡ
ΠΊΠ°Π½Π°Π»ΠΎΠ² 4-Π°ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΠΈΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΌ (ΠΏΠΈΠΌΠ°Π΄ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΌ).ΠΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½Π°Ρ ΡΠ°ΡΡΡ. Π ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ ΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π· Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡΡ
4-ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
1,3-ΠΎΠΊΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ², ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°ΡΠΈΡ
Π² ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ 5 ΡΡΠ°Π³ΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ N-ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ»-D-Π³Π»ΡΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈΠ½Π° ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΊΠ° ΠΈΡ
Π±ΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈ Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠΈ Π½Π° ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π²Π°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡ Π°ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΊΡΡΡ ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ Π°Π³ΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ Ξ±1-Π°Π΄ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ² (ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ»ΡΡΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΌ), 5-HT2A-ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ² (ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΌ) ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΏΡΡΠ΅ΠΌ Π±Π»ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π΄Ρ ΠΊΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ΅Π²ΡΡ
ΠΊΠ°Π½Π°Π»ΠΎΠ² Π³ΠΈΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΊΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ΅Π²ΡΠΌ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΡΠ΅Π±ΡΠ°. ΠΡΠ²ΠΎΠ΄Ρ. Π£ΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ Π² ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°Π΅ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π²Π°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² Π°ΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΌ Π² ΠΎΡΠ»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΡ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ»ΡΡΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ΄ΠΎΠ² Π½Π°Π±Π»ΡΠ΄Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ Π»ΠΈΡΡ Π²Π°Π·ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΠΈΠΊΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΅, Π° ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π²Π°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΡΠΎΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² Π°ΠΎΡΡΡ Π³ΠΈΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΊΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ΅Π²ΡΠΌ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΎΡΠ²ΡΠ°ΡΠ°Π΅Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π»ΡΠ±ΠΎΠΉ Π²Π°Π·ΠΎΡΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΡ
1,3-ΠΎΠΊΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ»Π°. ΠΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠΊΠ°Π·ΡΠ²Π°ΡΡ Π½Π° Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΡΠΉ ΠΌΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ
Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌ ΠΈΡ
Π±ΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Ρ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ΄ΠΈΡΡΡΡ
Π°Π΄ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΠΊΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ΅Π²ΡΡ
ΠΊΠ°Π½Π°Π»ΠΎΠ², ΠΈΠ½Π³ΠΈΠ±ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΡ
ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ ΠΎΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ Π΄ΠΈΠ»Π°ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ΄ΠΎΠ², ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠ°Ρ Π½Π°Π±Π»ΡΠ΄Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΈ Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠΈ ΡΡΠ°Π²Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΉ ΡΠΎΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π²Π°Π·ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΠΈΠΊΡΠΈΡ, Π²ΡΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΈ Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠΈ ΡΠΎΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π² ΡΡΠ°Π²Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΊΠΈΡ
Π΄ΠΎΠ·Π°Ρ
, ΡΠΎΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎ.Β ΠΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ· Π»ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΡ
ΡΠ²ΡΠ΄ΡΠΈΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠΊΡ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ² Π· ΡΡΠ·Π½ΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΡ Π±ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΡ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π΄ 1,3-ΠΎΠΊΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ².ΠΠ΅ΡΠΎΡ Π΄Π°Π½ΠΎΡ ΡΠΎΠ±ΠΎΡΠΈ Ρ ΡΠΎΠ·ΡΠΎΠ±ΠΊΠ° ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΈΡ
ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠ² ΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π·Ρ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ
4-ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ
1,3-ΠΎΠΊΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ², ΡΠΊΡ ΠΌΡΡΡΡΡΡ Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ 5 ΡΡΠ°Π³ΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ N-ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ»-D-Π³Π»ΡΠΊΠ°ΠΌΡΠ½Ρ, ΡΠ° Π²ΠΈΠ²ΡΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ ΡΡ
ΡΡΠ·ΠΈΠΊΠΎ-Ρ
ΡΠΌΡΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
Ρ Π±ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΡΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
Π²Π»Π°ΡΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ.Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈ ΡΠ° ΡΡ
ΠΎΠ±Π³ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ. ΠΠΎΡΠ»ΡΠ΄ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ Π²ΠΏΠ»ΠΈΠ²Ρ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ
ΠΏΠΎΡ
ΡΠ΄Π½ΠΈΡ
1,3-ΠΎΠΊΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ»Ρ Π½Π° ΡΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠ½Ρ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π΄Π½ΡΠΎ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ
ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠ»Π΅ΡΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΌ ΡΡΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ Π²ΠΈΡΠ²ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΡΠΊ Π²Π°Π·ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ»Π°ΡΡΡΡΠΈΠΉ, ΡΠ°ΠΊ Ρ Π²Π°Π·ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΠΈΠΊΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠΉ Π΅ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡ ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊ Ρ Π·Π°Π»Π΅ΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ Π²ΡΠ΄ ΡΡ
ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΡ ΡΠ° Ρ
ΡΠΌΡΡΠ½ΠΎΡ ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΠΈ. Π£ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΡ Π½Π°Π²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Ρ Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ Π²Π°Π·ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ»Π°ΡΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡ ΡΠ° Π²Π°Π·ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΠΈΠΊΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡ Π΅ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ
ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ²Π½ΡΠ½ΠΎ Π· Π»ΡΠΊΠ°ΡΡΡΠΊΠΈΠΌΠΈ Π·Π°ΡΠΎΠ±Π°ΠΌΠΈ Π°Π΄ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΎΠΌ Π°ΠΌΡΠΎΠ΄Π°ΡΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ° ΡΠ½Π³ΡΠ±ΡΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΊΠ°Π»ΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡ
ΠΊΠ°Π½Π°Π»ΡΠ² 4-Π°ΠΌΡΠ½ΠΎΠΏΡΡΠΈΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΌ (ΠΏΡΠΌΠ°Π΄ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΌ).ΠΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½Π° ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ½Π°. ΠΡΠ² ΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΡΡΠ΄ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ
4-ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ
1,3-ΠΎΠΊΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ², ΡΠΊΡ ΠΌΡΡΡΡΡΡ Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ 5 ΡΡΠ°Π³ΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ N-ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ»-D-Π³Π»ΡΠΊΠ°ΠΌΡΠ½Ρ ΡΠ° ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Π° ΠΎΡΡΠ½ΠΊΠ° ΡΡ
Π±ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΡ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΈ Π΄ΡΡ Π½Π° ΠΏΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π΄Π½ΡΠΎ ΡΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠ΅Π½Ρ ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ»ΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈ Π°ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΡΡΡΡΠ² ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΈΠΌΠΈ Π°Π³ΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ Ξ±1-Π°Π΄ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΠ² (ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠ»Π΅ΡΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΌ), 5-HT2A-ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΠ² (ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ½ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌ) Π°Π±ΠΎ ΡΠ»ΡΡ
ΠΎΠΌ Π±Π»ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π΄ΠΈ ΠΊΠ°Π»ΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡ
ΠΊΠ°Π½Π°Π»ΡΠ² Π³ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΊΠ°Π»ΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠΌ ΡΠΎΠ·ΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΡΠ΅Π±ΡΠ°.ΠΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠΈ. ΠΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ, ΡΠΎ Ρ Π²ΠΈΠΏΠ°Π΄ΠΊΡ ΠΏΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π΄Π½ΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ»ΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ
ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ² Π°ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ½ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌ Π½Π° Π²ΡΠ΄ΠΌΡΠ½Ρ Π²ΡΠ΄ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ
ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠ»Π΅ΡΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΌ ΡΡΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ³Π°ΡΡΡΡΡ Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅ Π²Π°Π·ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΠΈΠΊΡΠΎΡΠ½Π° Π΄ΡΡ, Π° ΠΏΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π΄Π½Ρ ΡΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ² Π°ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π³ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΊΠ°Π»ΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠΌ ΡΠΎΠ·ΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΌ Π·Π°ΠΏΠΎΠ±ΡΠ³Π°Ρ Π²ΠΈΡΠ²Ρ Π±ΡΠ΄Ρ-ΡΠΊΠΎΡ Π²Π°Π·ΠΎΡΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΡ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ
ΠΏΠΎΡ
ΡΠ΄Π½ΠΈΡ
1,3-ΠΎΠΊΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ»Ρ. ΠΡΡΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½Ρ Π΄Π°Π½Ρ Π²ΠΊΠ°Π·ΡΡΡΡ Π½Π° ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ»ΠΈΠ²ΠΈΠΉ ΠΌΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΠ½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ
Π°Π½ΡΠ·ΠΌ ΡΡ
Π±ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΡ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ Π·Π° ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΡ ΡΡΠ΄ΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΈΡ
Π°Π΄ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΠ² ΡΠ° ΠΊΠ°Π»ΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡ
ΠΊΠ°Π½Π°Π»ΡΠ², ΡΠ½Π³ΡΠ±ΡΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅ ΠΎΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΊΠΎΠ²ΡΠ²Π°ΡΠΈ Π²Π°Π·ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ»Π°ΡΠ°ΡΡΡ, ΡΠΊΠ° ΡΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ³Π°ΡΡΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΈ Π΄ΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ²Π½ΡΠ½ΠΎ Π±ΡΠ»ΡΡ Π²ΠΈΡΠΎΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠΉ ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊ Π°Π±ΠΎ Π²Π°Π·ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΠΈΠΊΡΡΡ, Π²ΠΈΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Ρ ΠΏΡΠΈ Π΄ΡΡ ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊ Ρ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ²Π½ΡΠ½ΠΎ Π±ΡΠ»ΡΡ Π½ΠΈΠ·ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
Π΄ΠΎΠ·Π°Ρ
, Π²ΡΠ΄ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΄Π½ΠΎ
Physical inactivity in nine European and Central Asian countries: an analysis of national population-based survey results
Background
Physical inactivity is a major risk factor for non-communicable diseases. However, recent and systematically obtained national-level data to guide policy responses are often lacking, especially in countries in Eastern Europe and Central Asia. This article describes physical inactivity patterns among adults in Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Georgia, Kyrgyzstan, Republic of Moldova, Tajikistan, Turkey and Uzbekistan.
Methods
Data were collected using the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire drawing nationally representative samples of adults in each country. The national prevalence of physical inactivity was calculated as well as the proportional contribution to total physical activity (PA) during work, transport and leisure-time. An adjusted logistic regression model was applied to analyze the association of age, gender, education, household status and income with physical inactivity.
Results
National prevalence of physical inactivity ranged from 10.1% to 43.6%. The highest proportion of PA was registered during work or in the household in most countries, whereas the lowest was during leisure-time in all countries. Physical inactivity was more likely with older age in eight countries, with female gender in three countries, and with living alone in three countries. There was no clear pattern of association with education and income.
Conclusion
Prevalence of physical inactivity is heterogeneous across the region. PA during leisure-time contributes minimally to total PA in all countries. Policies and programs that increase opportunities for active travel and leisure-time PA, especially for older adults, women and people living alone will be an essential part of strategies to increase overall population PA.The authors gratefully acknowledge support from a grant from the Government of the Russian Federation in the context of the WHO European Office for the Prevention and Control of NCDs
Fine-tuning the electrostatic properties of an alkali-linked organic adlayer on a metal substrate
The performance of modern organic electronic devices is often determined by the electronic level alignment at a metalβorganic interface. This property can be controlled by introducing an interfacial electrostatic dipole via the insertion of a stable interlayer between the metallic and the organic phases. Here, we use density functional theory to investigate the electrostatic properties of an assembled structure formed by alkali metals coadsorbed with 7,7,8,8-tetracyanoquinodimethane (TCNQ) molecules on a Ag(100) substrate. We find that the interfacial dipole buildup is regulated by the interplay of adsorption energetics, steric constraints and charge transfer effects, so that choosing chemical substitutions within TCNQ and different alkali metals provides a rich playground to control the systemsβ electrostatics and in particular fine-tune its work-function shift
Kinetic control of molecular assembly on surfaces
It is usually assumed that molecules deposited on surfaces assume the most thermodynamically stable structure. Here we show, by considering a model system of dihydroxybenzoic acid molecules on the (10.4) surface of calcite, that metastable molecular architectures may also be accessed by choosing a suitable initial state of the molecules which defines the observed transformation path. Moreover, we demonstrate that the latter
is entirely controlled by kinetics rather than thermodynamics. We argue that molecules are deposited as dimers that undergo, upon increase of temperature, a series of structural transitions from clusters to ordered striped and then dense networks, and finally to a disordered structure. Combining high-resolution dynamic atomic force microscopy experiments and density-functional theory calculations, we provide a comprehensive analysis of the fundamental principles driving this sequence of transitions. Our study may open new avenues based on kinetic control as a promising strategy for achieving tailored molecular architectures on surfaces
Grand Challenges in global eye health: a global prioritisation process using Delphi method
Background: We undertook a Grand Challenges in Global Eye Health prioritisation exercise to identify the key issues that must be addressed to improve eye health in the context of an ageing population, to eliminate persistent inequities in health-care access, and to mitigate widespread resource limitations. Methods: Drawing on methods used in previous Grand Challenges studies, we used a multi-step recruitment strategy to assemble a diverse panel of individuals from a range of disciplines relevant to global eye health from all regions globally to participate in a three-round, online, Delphi-like, prioritisation process to nominate and rank challenges in global eye health. Through this process, we developed both global and regional priority lists. Findings: Between Sept 1 and Dec 12, 2019, 470 individuals complete round 1 of the process, of whom 336 completed all three rounds (round 2 between Feb 26 and March 18, 2020, and round 3 between April 2 and April 25, 2020) 156 (46%) of 336 were women, 180 (54%) were men. The proportion of participants who worked in each region ranged from 104 (31%) in sub-Saharan Africa to 21 (6%) in central Europe, eastern Europe, and in central Asia. Of 85 unique challenges identified after round 1, 16 challenges were prioritised at the global level; six focused on detection and treatment of conditions (cataract, refractive error, glaucoma, diabetic retinopathy, services for children and screening for early detection), two focused on addressing shortages in human resource capacity, five on other health service and policy factors (including strengthening policies, integration, health information systems, and budget allocation), and three on improving access to care and promoting equity. Interpretation: This list of Grand Challenges serves as a starting point for immediate action by funders to guide investment in research and innovation in eye health. It challenges researchers, clinicians, and policy makers to build collaborations to address specific challenges. Funding: The Queen Elizabeth Diamond Jubilee Trust, Moorfields Eye Charity, National Institute for Health Research Moorfields Biomedical Research Centre, Wellcome Trust, Sightsavers, The Fred Hollows Foundation, The Seva Foundation, British Council for the Prevention of Blindness, and Christian Blind Mission. Translations: For the French, Spanish, Chinese, Portuguese, Arabic and Persian translations of the abstract see Supplementary Materials section
Grand Challenges in global eye health: a global prioritisation process using Delphi method
Background
We undertook a Grand Challenges in Global Eye Health prioritisation exercise to identify the key issues that must be addressed to improve eye health in the context of an ageing population, to eliminate persistent inequities in health-care access, and to mitigate widespread resource limitations.
Methods
Drawing on methods used in previous Grand Challenges studies, we used a multi-step recruitment strategy to assemble a diverse panel of individuals from a range of disciplines relevant to global eye health from all regions globally to participate in a three-round, online, Delphi-like, prioritisation process to nominate and rank challenges in global eye health. Through this process, we developed both global and regional priority lists.
Findings
Between Sept 1 and Dec 12, 2019, 470 individuals complete round 1 of the process, of whom 336 completed all three rounds (round 2 between Feb 26 and March 18, 2020, and round 3 between April 2 and April 25, 2020) 156 (46%) of 336 were women, 180 (54%) were men. The proportion of participants who worked in each region ranged from 104 (31%) in sub-Saharan Africa to 21 (6%) in central Europe, eastern Europe, and in central Asia. Of 85 unique challenges identified after round 1, 16 challenges were prioritised at the global level; six focused on detection and treatment of conditions (cataract, refractive error, glaucoma, diabetic retinopathy, services for children and screening for early detection), two focused on addressing shortages in human resource capacity, five on other health service and policy factors (including strengthening policies, integration, health information systems, and budget allocation), and three on improving access to care and promoting equity.
Interpretation
This list of Grand Challenges serves as a starting point for immediate action by funders to guide investment in research and innovation in eye health. It challenges researchers, clinicians, and policy makers to build collaborations to address specific challenge
DEVELOPMENT OF A PACKAGE OF MATERIALS FOR WOMEN'S UNIFORM POWER STRUCTURES
Analysis of the situation in the field of designing clothing for special departments has shown a lot of research and inventions to protect against harmful factors by the Special units of the Ministry of Internal Affairs