Учебная история болезни по внутренним болезням и военно-полевой терапии

ВНУТРЕННИЕ БОЛЕЗНИВОЕННО-ПОЛЕВАЯ ТЕРАПИЯИСТОРИЯ БОЛЕЗНИМЕТОДИЧЕСКИЕ УКАЗАНИЯМетодические указания учат студентов правильно оформлять историю болезни пациента

Producing interventions for AIDS-affected young people in Lesotho's schools: Scalar relations and power differentials

This is the post-print version of the final paper published in Geoforum. The published article is available from the link below. Changes resulting from the publishing process, such as peer review, editing, corrections, structural formatting, and other quality control mechanisms may not be reflected in this document. Changes may have been made to this work since it was submitted for publication. Copyright @ 2009 Elsevier B.V.Children and youth are a key target group for interventions to address southern Africa’s AIDS pandemic. Such interventions are frequently implemented through schools, and are often complex products of negotiation between a range of institutional actors including international agencies, NGOs, government departments and individual schools. These institutions not only stand in different (horizontally scaled) spatial relationships to students in schools; they also appear to operate at different hierarchical levels. Empirical research with policy makers and practitioners in Lesotho, however, reveals how interventions are produced through flows of knowledge, funding and personnel within and between institutions that make it difficult to assert that any intervention is manifestly more international or more local than any other. Scale theory offers the metaphor of a network or web which usefully serves to move attention away from discrete organisations, sectors and scalar positionings and onto the relationships and flows between them. Nevertheless, organisations and development interventions are often partly structured in scalar hierarchical ways that express substantive power differentials and shape the forms of interaction that take place, albeit not binding them to strict binaries or nested hierarchies. A modified network metaphor is useful in aiding understanding of how particular interventions are produced through intermeshing scales and diverse fluid interactions, and why they take the form they do.RGS-IB

An architecture for the autonomic curation of crowdsourced knowledge

Human knowledge curators are intrinsically better than their digital counterparts at providing relevant answers to queries. That is mainly due to the fact that an experienced biological brain will account for relevant community expertise as well as exploit the underlying connections between knowledge pieces when offering suggestions pertinent to a specific question, whereas most automated database managers will not. We address this problem by proposing an architecture for the autonomic curation of crowdsourced knowledge, that is underpinned by semantic technologies. The architecture is instantiated in the career data domain, thus yielding Aviator, a collaborative platform capable of producing complete, intuitive and relevant answers to career related queries, in a time effective manner. In addition to providing numeric and use case based evidence to support these research claims, this extended work also contains a detailed architectural analysis of Aviator to outline its suitability for automatically curating knowledge to a high standard of quality

The human factor and structural adjustment programmes

A narrative on how IMF recommended structural adjustment programmes (SAP's) are meant to dominate Africa's economic development policies thus alienating its human factor (HF)The intention of structural adjustment programmes, therefore, is to dominate the economic policies of developing nations as well as their social sectors. There is, therefore, strong Western influence of the education systems and health services of developing countries, although these may not be explicitly expressed in the SAP policies. One important factor is the scaling down of the stale and severe limiting of the allocation of funds to the social sectors.International Institute of Human Factor Developmen

Enterprise Architecture for Information System Analysis : Modeling and assessing data accuracy, availability, performance and application usage

Decisions concerning IT systems are often made without adequate decision-support. This has led to unnecessary IT costs and failures to realize business benefits. The present thesis presents a framework for analysis of four information systems properties relevant to IT decision-making. The work is founded on enterprise architecture, a model-based IT and business management discipline. Based on the existing ArchiMate framework, a new enterprise architecture framework has been developed and implemented in a software tool. The framework supports modeling and analysis of data accuracy, service performance, service availability and application usage. To analyze data accuracy, data flows are modeled, the service availability analysis uses fault tree analysis, the performance analysis employs queuing networks and the application usage analysis combines the Technology Acceptance Model and Task-Technology Fit model. The accuracy of the framework's estimates was empirically tested. Data accuracy and service performance were evaluated in studies at the same power utility. Service availability was tested in multiple studies at banks and power utilities. Data was collected through interviews with system development or maintenance staff. The application usage model was tested in the maintenance management domain. Here, data was collected by means of a survey answered by 55 respondents from three power utilities, one manufacturing company and one nuclear power plant. The service availability studies provided estimates that were accurate within a few hours of logged yearly downtime. The data accuracy estimate was correct within a percentage point when compared to a sample of data objects. Deviations for four out of five service performance estimates were within 15 % from measured values. The application usage analysis explained a high degree of variation in application usage when applied to the maintenance management domain. During the studies of data accuracy, service performance and service availability, records were kept concerning the required modeling and analysis effort. The estimates were obtained with a total effort of about 20 man-hours per estimate. In summary the framework should be useful for IT decision-makers requiring fairly accurate, but not too expensive, estimates of the four properties.QC 20120912</p

Lagerstyrning : Framtagning av lagerstrategier baserat på en ABC-analys

Försörjning av material och komponenter är en viktig del hos alla producerande företag för att kunna uppfylla kundernas krav och önskemål. Att hålla stora lagernivåer gör att risken för brist minskar och servicenivån kan hållas hög men betyder att lagerhållningskostnaderna ökar. Att hålla låga lagernivåer innebär en högre risk för brist och störningar i produktionen men mindre lagerhållningskostnader. Långa ledtider, ändrade förutsättningar och opålitliga leveranser från leverantörerna försvårar arbetet ytterligare med att tillfredsställa kundernas krav och önskemål. Det är företagets inköpsavdelning som har ansvaret att se till att material finns tillgängligt när det behövs. Inköps uppgift är att se till att materialet kommer in i rätt kvantitet, i rätt kvalitet vid rätt tidpunkt och till rätt pris. Tydliga riktlinjer, ständiga förbättringar och uppdateringar kan hjälpa till att hitta den bästa balansen inom företagets lagerstyrning. IEC LV Motors vill skapa ett standardiserat arbetssätt för inköpsavdelningen att arbeta på för att förenkla processen och minska sina kostnader. I dagsläget finns inga rutiner, inköp som görs baseras på inköparens erfarenhet eller specifika orders vilket leder till att materialet som köps utan hänsyn till de ekonomiska aspekterna då inga partiformningsmetoder används i dagsläget. Syftet med examensarbetet är att hitta optimala lagerstyrnings och partiformnings-metoder för att minska lagerkostnaderna men samtidigt hålla servicenivån på en satt nivå. Utifrån en artikelklassificering med hänsyn till volymvärde och frekvens har artikelklasserna tilldelats lagerstrategier och partiformningsmetoder som ska hjälpa företaget att hålla kostnaderna nere, effektivisera sina lager och hålla sina ledtider. Det finns en del förbättringar som företaget bör införa innan dessa lager och partiformnings-metoder införs, som till exempel bättre koll på de aktuella lagernivåerna. Om lagersaldot visar en siffra i systemet men är en annan i verkligheten spelar det ingen roll hur väl utarbetade metoder som används. Utkommande data kommer ändå att vara fel!Supply of materials and components is an important part for all manufacturing companies to meet customer demands and requirements. If stock levels are high, the risk of failure is reduced and service levels can be kept high, but the cost of storage increase. To maintain low inventory levels mean a higher risk of shortages and disruptions in production but lower inventory costs. Long lead times, changing circumstances and unreliable deliveries from suppliers hampers efforts further to satisfy customer demands and requirements. It is the company’s purchasing department that is responsible to ensure that materials are available when needed. It is the purchasing department’s responsibility to ensure that the material arrives in the right quantity, at the right quality, at the right time and the right price. Clear guidelines, continuous improvements and updates can help find the best balance in the company's inventory control. IEC LV Motors wants to create a standardized approach for the purchasing department in order to simplify the process and reduce costs. In the current situation there are no procedures, purchases made are based on the purchasers experience or specific orders which leads to material that is purchased without regard to the economic aspects as no lot sizing methods are used in the current situation. The purpose of this thesis is to find the optimal inventory control and lot sizing techniques to reduce inventory costs while keeping the service level at a set level. Based on an article classification according to the volume value and frequency, article classes are assigned to inventory strategies and lot sizing methods that will help the company to keep costs down, improve their stock levels and keep their delivery lead times. There are some improvements that the company should establish before these stock and lot sizing methods are introduced, such as better track of the stock levels. If stock levels show a number in the system, but varies from reality it does not matter how well elaborated methods used. Outgoing data will still be wrong

"Of course, we don´t set boundaries” : A discourse analysis of the way the Swedish daily press depict public libraries work with integration

Not since the Second World War, Sweden has experienced such an increase in immigration numbers. Between 2012-2015 the media reported, almost on a daily basis, varying types of information on the refugee situation. Inevitably, every single area and institution in our society is affected by the refugee crisis. However, this master's thesis is restricted to an examination of the role of the public library in the integration process of refugees in Sweden, as highlighted in the media. The aim of the study is to identify how the public libraries integration work towards refugees is depicted in Swedish daily press. Our objectives are to describe how refugees and libraries are illustrated in the press and to examine how particular library services directed towards refugees, are described. The overall research question is: What discourse or discourses can be identified in the material regarding this work? The method and theoretical framework is a discourse analysis inspired by Laclau’s and Mouffe’s discourse theory. Sahlin's four room model was used to provide us with a practical tool in order to conduct the analysis. Our findings show that it was possible to identify four distinct discourses: a popular educational discourse, a literature mediation discourse, a discourse of the library as a physical space and a discourse of the library as a meeting place. Our most salient conclusion is that the traditional role of the library, as an institution of popular education and literature media-tion, is evident also from an integration work perspective