Alineacion global en el plano sagital de escolares de 5 a 6 anos de edad en la escuela EDUCALEN

23 p.Diseño: Estudio observacional transversal Objetivo: Describir el comportamiento de la postura en el plano sagital, en relación a la línea de la plomada en niños entre 5 y 6 años de la Escuela Educalén Sujetos: 23 alumnos de 5 a 6 años de edad, de la escuela de lenguaje ”Educalén” perteneciente a la comuna de Pencahue, provincia de Talca, Región del Maule Metodología: Las mediciones se realizaron en el plano sagital derecho e izquierdo, tal como se describe en el modelo estándar del examen postural estático propuesto por Kendall. Resultados: La alineación sagital en estática para ambos grupos en estudio presentó un desplazamiento hacia anterior en relación a la línea de la plomada. Existe una rotación de los hemicuerpos de la población en estudio. Discusión: Los datos de referencia para la población infantil desarrollados a través de un método computacional; mostraron similitud a los valores obtenidos a través de la aplicación del método de Kendall. Es muy importante evaluar tanto el plano sagital derecho como izquierdo y considerar variables como la dominancia de los sujetos. Conclusión: El método de Kendall es una herramienta útil, aplicable y confiable que a través de su ejecución en el plano sagital permite evidenciar hallazgos posturales en las distintas etapas del crecimiento, sin embargo adquiere una notable utilidad en etapas previas al crecimiento acelerad

Different Lifestyle Interventions in Adults From Underserved Communities: The FAMILIA Trial

BACKGROUND: The current trends of unhealthy lifestyle behaviors in underserved communities are disturbing. Thus, effective health promotion strategies constitute an unmet need. OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to assess the impact of 2 different lifestyle interventions on parents/caregivers of children attending preschools in a socioeconomically disadvantaged community. METHODS: The FAMILIA (Family-Based Approach in a Minority Community Integrating Systems-Biology for Promotion of Health) study is a cluster-randomized trial involving 15 Head Start preschools in Harlem, New York. Schools, and their children's parents/caregivers, were randomized to receive either an "individual-focused" or "peer-to-peer-based" lifestyle intervention program for 12 months or control. The primary outcome was the change from baseline to 12 months in a composite health score related to blood pressure, exercise, weight, alimentation, and tobacco (Fuster-BEWAT Score [FBS]), ranging from 0 to 15 (ideal health = 15). To assess the sustainability of the intervention, this study evaluated the change of FBS at 24 months. Main pre-specified secondary outcomes included changes in FBS subcomponents and the effect of the knowledge of presence of atherosclerosis as assessed by bilateral carotid/femoral vascular ultrasound. Mixed-effects models were used to test for intervention effects. RESULTS: A total of 635 parents/caregivers were enrolled: mean age 38 ± 11 years, 83% women, 57% Hispanic/Latino, 31% African American, and a baseline FBS of 9.3 ± 2.4 points. The mean within-group change in FBS from baseline to 12 months was ∼0.20 points in all groups, with no overall between-group differences. However, high-adherence participants to the intervention exhibited a greater change in FBS than their low-adherence counterparts: 0.30 points (95% confidence interval: 0.03 to 0.57; p = 0.027) versus 0.00 points (95% confidence interval: -0.43 to 0.43; p = 1.0), respectively. Furthermore, the knowledge by the participant of the presence of atherosclerosis significantly boosted the intervention effects. Similar results were sustained at 24 months. CONCLUSIONS: Although overall significant differences were not observed between intervention and control groups, the FAMILIA trial highlights that high adherence rates to lifestyle interventions may improve health outcomes. It also suggests a potential contributory role of the presentation of atherosclerosis pictures, providing helpful information to improve future lifestyle interventions in adults.AGENCIA FINANCIADORA: The American Heart Association, under grant No 14SFRN20490315, funded this study. R.F-J is a recipient of funding from the European Union Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie grant agreement No 707642. The CNIC is supported by the Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), the Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (MCNU) and the Pro CNIC Foundation, and is a Severo Ochoa Center of Excellence (SEV-2015-0505).S

TRY plant trait database – enhanced coverage and open access

Plant traits - the morphological, anatomical, physiological, biochemical and phenological characteristics of plants - determine how plants respond to environmental factors, affect other trophic levels, and influence ecosystem properties and their benefits and detriments to people. Plant trait data thus represent the basis for a vast area of research spanning from evolutionary biology, community and functional ecology, to biodiversity conservation, ecosystem and landscape management, restoration, biogeography and earth system modelling. Since its foundation in 2007, the TRY database of plant traits has grown continuously. It now provides unprecedented data coverage under an open access data policy and is the main plant trait database used by the research community worldwide. Increasingly, the TRY database also supports new frontiers of trait‐based plant research, including the identification of data gaps and the subsequent mobilization or measurement of new data. To support this development, in this article we evaluate the extent of the trait data compiled in TRY and analyse emerging patterns of data coverage and representativeness. Best species coverage is achieved for categorical traits - almost complete coverage for ‘plant growth form’. However, most traits relevant for ecology and vegetation modelling are characterized by continuous intraspecific variation and trait–environmental relationships. These traits have to be measured on individual plants in their respective environment. Despite unprecedented data coverage, we observe a humbling lack of completeness and representativeness of these continuous traits in many aspects. We, therefore, conclude that reducing data gaps and biases in the TRY database remains a key challenge and requires a coordinated approach to data mobilization and trait measurements. This can only be achieved in collaboration with other initiatives

The relationship between depression and menopausal phase in working Filipino American midlife women

This was a secondary analysis of data obtained in a descriptive, cross-sectional study of the perimenopausal transition of Filipino American midlife won1en. The purpose of the study was to explore the association between depression and menopause, specifically addressing the research question "What is the relationship between perimenopausal status (premenopausal, perimenopausal, menopausal/postmenopausal) and depression as measured by a score of 2:16 on the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) in Filipino American midlife women age 35-56 years?". The total sample consisted of 159 self-identified Filipino American women who spoke, read, and understood English. Research data was obtained utilizing the Women's Health Questionnaire (WHQ), for demographic and health history data, and the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D), for depressive symptomology data. Data was then analyzed and categorized by perimenopausal phase [premenopausal (n=80), permenopausal (n=33), and menopausal/postmenopausal (n-46)]. Conclusive results of the secondary analysis indicated that there was no relationship between menopausal phase and depression [X^2(2, n=159)=.35, p=.84] More research and education is required within the science of women's studies.Digitized from a paper copy provided by the Arizona Health Sciences Library

Selling of Products: The Use of Single-Electrode Wireless EEG in Consumer Behavior

The results of three different groups of customers, each exposed to a different sales technique, were compared in order to evaluate which sales technique was more effective for achieving higher levels of sustained attention. The study used the Neurosky headband to measure brainwaves in millivolts. The three compared sales techniques were: 1) the training technique for sale, termed as structured by the AIDA model; 2) the traditional sale, here called unstructured; 3) and a structured technique with the help of simultaneous stimulation by several neuroattentional pathways, prescribed by the developments of the neuroscience of consumption (CN). The results showed a statistically significant difference in achieved sustained attention levels, presenting higher levels in clients exposed to the sales training technique and ower scores in those exposed to one of the techniques used by the CN. These results are discussed in relation to the concept of sustained attention in clients when the stimulation of a single neuroattentional pathway is used as compared to the activation of several pathways simultaneously

CASITA: a controlled pilot study of community-based family coaching to stimulate early child development in Lima, Peru

Objective: To determine whether the 3-month, community-based early stimulation coaching and social support intervention ‘CASITA’, delivered by community health workers, could improve early child development and caregiver-child interaction in a resource-limited district in Lima, Peru. Design: A controlled two-arm proof-of-concept study. Setting: Six neighbourhood health posts in Carabayllo, a mixed rural/urban district in Lima. Sessions were held in homes and community centres. Participants Children aged 6–24 months who screened positive for risk of neurodevelopmental delay (using validated developmental delay tool) and poverty (using progress out of poverty tool) were enrolled with their caregivers. Dyads with children born >21 days early were excluded. Intervention 12-week parenting/support intervention plus nutritional support (n=41) or nutrition alone (n=19). Outcome measures Development and home environment differences and mean changes from baseline to 3 months postintervention were evaluated using age-adjusted z-scores on the Extended Ages and Stages Questionnaire (EASQ) and the Home Observation Measurement of the Environment (HOME) scores, respectively. Results: Development in CASITA improved significantly in all EASQ domains, whereas the control group’s z-scores did not improve significantly in any domain. The mean adjusted difference (MAD) in change in EASQ age-adjusted z-scores between the two study arms was 1.39 (95% CI 0.55 to 2.22); Cohen’s d effect size of 0.87 (95% CI 0.23 to 1.50). Likewise, intervention significantly improved global HOME scores versus control group (MAD change of 6.33 (95% CI 2.12 to 10.55); Cohen’s d of 0.85 (95% CI 0.28 to 1.41)). Conclusions: An evidence-based early intervention delivered weekly during 3 months by a community health worker significantly improved children’s communication, motor and personal/social development in this proof-of-concept study

Child Health Promotion in Underserved Communities: Primary Results From the Cluster Randomized FAMILIA Trial

American Heart Association Scientific Sessions 2018. Chicago, USA. November 10-12, 2018.Introduction: Preschool-based interventions offer promise to instill healthy behaviors in children. However, its efficacy in underserved communities is not well established. Objective: To assess the impact of a preschool-based health promotion education intervention in an underserved community. Methods: We performed the cluster-randomized controlled “Family-Based Approach in a Minority Community Integrating Systems-Biology for Promotion of Health” (FAMILIA) trial involving 15 Head Start preschools in Harlem, New York. Schools and their children were 3:2 randomized to either receive the usual curriculum (control); or a 4-month educational intervention for a total of 50 hours to instill healthy behaviors in relation to diet, physical activity, understanding how the human body and heart work, and emotion management. The primary outcome was the change from baseline in the overall knowledge, attitudes, and habits (KAH) score of the child. As secondary outcomes, we evaluated the changes in KAH subcomponents and in the test of emotion comprehension. Linear mixed-effects models were used to test for intervention effects. Results: We enrolled 562 children 3 to 5 years old, 51% female, 54% Hispanic/Latino and 37% African-American. The mean % relative change from baseline in the overall KAH score was 5.5% and 11.8% in control and intervention groups, respectively. The average between-group absolute difference in overall KAH was 2.89 points (95% CI: 0.61 to 5.17; p = 0.013; Figure). Physical activity and understanding of the human body and heart components, and knowledge and attitudes domains, were the main drivers of the effect. Changes in emotion comprehension trended to favor intervened children as compared to controls. Conclusions: The FAMILIA trial demonstrates that a multidimensional school-based education intervention is an effective strategy for instilling healthy behaviors among preschoolers from a diverse and socially/economically disadvantaged community. As part of our long-term vision, we are conducting a long-term follow-up of the children to assess the sustainability of the intervention effects

Social determinants of lifestyle and cardiovascular health in a minority community study for promotion of health

American College of Cardiology 67th Annual Scientific Session 2018. Orlando, USA. March 10-12, 2018