A comparison of digital transmission techniques under multichannel conditions at 2.4 GHz in the ISM BAND

In order to meet the observation quality criteria of micro-UAVs, and particularly in the context of the « Trophée Micro-Drones », ISAE/SUPAERO is studying technical solutions to transmit a high data rate from a video payload onboard a micro-UAV. The laboratory has to consider the impact of multipath and shadowing effects on the emitted signal. Therefore fading resistant transmission techniques are considered. This techniques paper have to reveal an optimum trade-off between three parameters, namely: the characteristics of the video stream, the complexity of the modulation and coding scheme, and the efficiency of the transmission, in term of BER

Efficient light coupling into a photonic crystal waveguide with flatband slow mode

We design an efficient coupler to transmit light from a strip waveguide into the flatband slow mode of a photonic crystal waveguide with ring-shaped holes. The coupler is a section of a photonic crystal waveguide with a higher group velocity, obtained by different ring dimensions. We demonstrate coupling efficiency in excess of 95% over the 8 nm wavelength range where the photonic crystal waveguide exhibits a quasi constant group velocity vg = c/37. An analysis based on the small Fabry-P\'erot resonances in the simulated transmission spectra is introduced and used for studying the effect of the coupler length and for evaluating the coupling efficiency in different parts of the coupler. The mode conversion efficiency within the coupler is more than 99.7% over the wavelength range of interest. The parasitic reflectance in the coupler, which depends on the propagation constant mismatch between the slow mode and the coupler mode, is lower than 0.6% within this wavelength range.Comment: 11 pages, 7 figures, submitted to Photonics and Nanostructures - Fundamentals and Application

L'éducation dans la révolution

L'éducation constitue l'un des axes fondamentaux du projet de développement socialiste cubain et l'un des moyens d'atteindre l'objectif d'égalité. Le système éducatif y a pour finalité de remettre en cause la division capitaliste du travail, et la division sociale qui en découle. Les principes qui orientent les politiques éducatives à Cuba sont l'universalisme, la gratuité et le caractère public de l'éducation. Leur application a permis d'édifier à Cuba l'un des meilleurs systèmes éducatifs du monde, en termes d'accès et de qualité. Dans quelle mesure la grave crise qui a suivi la dissolution de l'URSS a mis à mal le secteur de l'éducation à Cuba ? En Amérique latine, les services éducatifs ont été sévèrement affectés par les récentes crises capitalistes. Mais Cuba a su préserver les piliers de son système éducatif. Les transformations intervenues dans l'économie cubaine dans les années 1990 ont pourtant entraîné maintes modifications des politiques éducatives, qu'il s'agira pour nous d'expliquer.Education, développement, dépenses sociales, formation, emploi, égalité.

Environmental DNA COI barcoding for quantitative analysis of protists communities: A test using the <i>Nebela collaris</i> complex (Amoebozoa;Arcellinida; Hyalospheniidae)

Environmental DNA surveys are used for screening eukaryotic diversity. However, it is unclear how quantitative this approach is and to what extent results from environmental DNA studies can be used for ecological studies requiring quantitative data. Mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase (COI) is used for species-level taxonomic studies of testate amoebae and should allow assessing the community composition from environmental samples, thus bypassing biases due to morphological identification. We tested this using a COI clone library approach and focusing on the Nebela collaris complex. Comparisons with direct microscopy counts showed that the COI clone library diversity data matched the morphologically identified taxa, and that community com-position estimates using the two approaches were similar. However, this correlation was improved when microscopy counts were corrected for biovolume. Higher correlation with biovolume-corrected community data suggests that COI clone library data matches the ratio of mitochondria and that within closely-related taxa the density of mitochondria per unit biovolume is approximately constant. Further developments of this metabarcoding approach including quantifying the mitochondrial density among closely-related taxa, experiments on other taxonomic groups and using high throughput sequencing should make if possible to quantitatively estimate community composition of different groups, which would be invaluable for microbial food webs studies

"Je suis la mère, je suis le père!" : l'énigme matrifocale. Relations familiales et rapports de sexe en Guadeloupe.

Doctorat obtenu avec les félicitations du jury à l'unanimitéThis these is a reconsideration of matrifocality from a French Caribbean point of vue (Guadeloupe).Cette thèse revisite la notion de matrifocalité à partir de l'exemple guadeloupéen en analysant les modes de construction sociale des identités sexuelles masculines et féminines. Sur la base d'une ethnographie monographique, l'auteur analyse la fabrique de la féminité et de la masculinité dans la société contemporaine, en l'interrogeant au regard de l'histoire esclavagiste et des causalités usuelles sur la responsabilité de l'esclavage dans la formation de la matrifocalité. Après avoir analysé l'ensemble des relations familiales, l'auteur conclut en interrogeant l'imaginaire antillais pour y déceler la force et l'ancrage des représentations de la matrifocalité, du métissage et de la place des acteurs sexués et racialisés dans la scène fondatrice mythique. Cela lui permet de montrer que la matrifocalité est bien une organisation qui fait système

Collection of Human Genomic DNA From Buccal Cells for Genetics Studies: Comparison Between Cytobrush, Mouthwash, and Treated Card

Alternative sources such as buccal cells have already been tested for genetic studies and epidemiological investigations. Thirty-seven volunteers participated in this study to compare cytology brushes, mouthwash, and treated cards for DNA collection. Quantity and quality of DNA and cost and feasibility were assessed. The mean DNA yield at 260 nm was found to be 3.5, 4, and 2.6 μg for cytobrushes, mouthwashes, and treated cards, respectively. A second quantification technique by fluorescence showed differences in the DNA yield with 1.1 and 5.2 μg for cytobrushes and mouthwash, respectively. All buccal samples allowed isolation of DNA suitable for polymerase chain reaction. According to the procedure of sample collection, the yield and purity of collected DNA, and storage conditions, the use of cytobrush appears to be the more appropriate method for DNA collection. This protocol has been validated and is currently applied in three large-scale multicentric studies including adults or children

Mémoire sur l\u27état actuel de nos bibliothèques

« Document numérisé pour l\u27ENSSIB » - Transcription du mémoire que l\u27auteur lu en public au Lycée des Arts en 1797, ce document dresse un bilan des tourments que subirent les bibliothèques, spécialement les bibliothèques ecclésiastiques, au sortir de la Révolution. L\u27auteur fait d\u27autre part l\u27éloge des actions menées par la Commission des monuments, créée en 1792 par l\u27Assemblée constituante. L\u27intérêt de ce document est d\u27ordre historique car il brosse un tableau synthétique de l\u27état des bibliothèques après la Révolution. L\u27aparté de l\u27auteur sur la polémique suscitée par son travail révèle également le contexte sensible auquel est confronté le pays durant les années qui suivent la Révolution

Sera from Trypanosoma b. gambiense infected patients cross-react with a Trypanosoma cruzi recombinant protein

In previous studies, we and others have shown utility of a 24-kDa #Trypanosoma cruzi recombinant antigen (rTc24) for serological diagnosis of Chagas' disease. Also, this molecule has been proved useful to evaluate cure of chagasic patients who submit to specific treatment. However, in all the studies done so far, the 24-kDa protein was used as a fusion with a Gluthatione-S-transferase (GST) of #Schistosoma japonicum, therefore, parallel assays to determine the anti-GST responses of all sera were required to deduce the GST noise in serological tests. Here, we show the subcloning by polymerase chain reaction of the cDNA encoding the #T. cruzi$ 24-kDa antigen in a vector system (pQE) allowing us to obtain Tc24 recombinant protein as a single molecule. The highly reactivity of chagasic sera from Colombia, Ecuador, Brazil and Bolivia in ELISA against the recombinant antigen is confirmed. However, sera from patients infected with African trypanosomes recognize rTc24 in ELISA and blot. The relevance of these findings in the context of Chagas' disease diagnosis and/or the relationship with African trypanosomes is analyzed. (Résumé d'auteur