Efecto del ejercicio sobre algunas enzimas gluconeogénicas en hígado y riñón de rata

The effect of exercise (swimming in water at 22° fur 2 hours) on rat liver and kidney glucose 6-phosphatase, fructose diphosphatase, lactate dehydrogenase, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase activities and kidney phosphate-dependent glutaminase activity was studied. Exercise increases the activities of glucose 6-phosphatase (prevented by previous treatment with bicarbonate), alanine aminotransferase and phosphate-dependent glutaminase in kidney and do es not affect the enzymic activities tested in liver. Glucose production from alanine by kidney cortical slices is not negligible despite the low activity of alanine aminotransferase and is also activated by exercise. These results do not preclude the key role of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase activation during the metabolic adaptation of kidney to exercise but suggest additional points of regulations of gluconeogenesis in these conditions.Se ha estudiado el efecto del ejercicio (natación en agua a 22° durante dos horas) sobre las actividades de la glucosa-6-fosfatasa, fructosa difosfatasa, lactato deshidrogenasa, alanina aminotransferasa y aspartato aminotransferasa en hígado y riñón, así como sobre la actividad de la glutaminasa dependiente de fosfato en riñón de rata. El ejercicio produce un aumento en la actividad de la glucosa-6-fosfatasa (que se impide por administración previa de bicarbonato), alanina aminotransferasa y glutaminasa renales y no afecta a ninguna de las actividades enzimáticas ensayadas en hígado. La producción de glucosa a partir de alanina en cortes de corteza renal es apreciable, a pesar de la precaria actividad de la alanina aminotransferasa, y también se activa por el ejercicio. Estos resultados no desvirtúan el papel fundamental de la activación de la fosfoenolpiruvato carboxicinasa durante la adaptación metabólica del riñón al ejercicio pero sugieren puntos adicionales de regulación de la gluconeogénesis en estas condiciones

Vivencias maternas al tener un recién nacido hospitalizado

Objetivo:  Develar las vivencias de las madres del recién nacido hospitalizado, Hospital Regional Virgen de Fátima, Chachapoyas, 2016. Método:  El estudio fue cualitativo-fenomenológico, para la recolección de datos se utilizó la guía de entrevista y la pregunta orientadora fue: ¿Qué siente usted al tener a su bebé hospitalizado?; se entrevistó a siete madres, previa firma del consentimiento informado, se usó el muestreo por saturación. Realizada la entrevista se procedió a transcribir los discursos y a realizar la lectura de las transcripciones, se identificó las unidades de significado que fueron transformadas a través de los tres momentos del enfoque fenomenológico. Resultados principales: En los resultados obtenidos se identificó tres categorías: a) sintiendo tristeza, pena, dolor vs alegría; b) viviendo crisis situacional; c) enfrentando duelo anticipado. Conclusión general: La separación de la diada madre - hijo durante la hospitalización impone una controversia de sentimientos que generan emociones distintas que impiden a la mujer asumir con tranquilidad y alegría el nuevo rol

Engineering of silicon surfaces at the micro- and nanoscales for cell adhesion and migration control

The engineering of surface patterns is a powerful tool for analyzing cellular communication factors involved in the processes of adhesion, migration, and expansion, which can have a notable impact on therapeutic applications including tissue engineering. In this regard, the main objective of this research was to fabricate patterned and textured surfaces at micron- and nanoscale levels, respectively, with very different chemical and topographic characteristics to control cell–substrate interactions. For this task, one-dimensional (1-D) and two-dimensional (2-D) patterns combining silicon and nanostructured porous silicon were engineered by ion beam irradiation and subsequent electrochemical etch. The experimental results show that under the influence of chemical and morphological stimuli, human mesenchymal stem cells polarize and move directionally toward or away from the particular stimulus. Furthermore, a computational model was developed aiming at understanding cell behavior by reproducing the surface distribution and migration of human mesenchymal stem cells observed experimentally

Nanostructured porous silicon micropatterns as a tool for substrate-conditioned cell research

The localized irradiation of Si allows a precise patterning at the microscale of nanostructured materials such as porous silicon (PS). PS patterns with precisely defined geometries can be fabricated using ion stopping masks. The nanoscale textured micropatterns were used to explore their influence as microenvironments for human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs). In fact, the change of photoluminescence emission from PS upon aging in physiological solution suggests the intense formation of silanol surface groups, which may play a relevant role in ulterior cell adhesion. The experimental results show that hMSCs are sensitive to the surface micropatterns. In this regard, preliminary β-catenin labeling studies reveal the formation of cell to cell interaction structures, while microtubule orientation is strongly influenced by the selective adhesion conditions. Relevantly, Ki-67 assays support a proliferative state of hMSCs on such nanostructured micropatterns comparable to that of standard cell culture platforms, which reinforce the candidature of porous silicon micropatterns to become a conditioning structure for in vitro culture of hMSCsThe authors gratefully acknowledge the financial support from MICINN under research project MAT2008-06858-C02-01/NAN and Comunidad de Madrid (Spain) under Project Microseres. Technical support from L García Pelayo is greatly appreciate

Dyslipidaemia in HIV-infected women on antiretroviral therapy. Analysis of 922 patients from the Spanish VACH cohort

Background: Information concerning lipid disturbances in HIV-infected women on antiretroviral therapy (ART) is scarce. The objective of the study is to describe the lipid profile in a large cohort of HIV-infected women on contemporary ART and analyse differences between regimes and patient's characteristics. Methods: Observational, multicentre, cross-sectional study from the Spanish VACH Cohort. 922 women on stable ART without lipid-lowering treatment were included. Results: Median age was 42 years, median CD4 lymphocyte count was 544 cells/mm3, and 85.6% presented undetectable HIV-1 viral load. Median total cholesterol (TC) was 189 mg/dL (interquartile range, IQR, 165-221), HDL cholesterol 53 mg/dL (IQR, 44-64), LDL cholesterol 108 mg/dL (IQR, 86-134), and triglycerides 116 mg/dL (IQR, 85-163). Mean accumulated time on ART was 116 months; 47.4% were on NNRTI-based regimes, 44.7% on PI, and 6.7% on only-NRTI therapy. 43.8% were also hepatitis C (HCV) coinfected. Patients on PI treatment presented higher TC/HDL ratio than those on NNRTI (p < 0.001). Significantly higher HDL values were observed in NNRTI-treated patients. HCV-coinfected patients presented lower TC/HDL ratio than the non HCV-coinfected. In multivariate analysis, factors independently associated with TC/HDL ratio were age, triglyceride levels and HCV co-infection. PI treatment presented a non-significant association with higher TC/HDL ratio. Conclusions: In HIV-infected women, the NNRTI-based ART is associated with a better lipid profile than the PI-based. Factors unrelated to ART selection may also exert an independent, significant influence on lipids; in particular, age, and triglyceride levels are associated with an increased TC/HDL ratio while HCV co-infection is associated with a reduced TC/HDL ratio

Activity-Oriented Antiedema Proprioceptive Therapy (TAPA) for Shoulder Mobility Improvement in Women with Upper Limb Lymphedema Secondary to Breast Cancer: A Multicenter Controlled Clinical Trial

Lymphedema, secondary to breast cancer (BCRL), is the abnormal accumulation of protein-rich fluid in the interstitium caused by a malfunction of the lymphatic system. It causes swelling, deficiencies in upper limb functions and structures, sensory pain and emotional alterations, which have a chronic course and affect the upper limb’s functionality. This study aims to verify the efficacy and efficiency in the upper limb´s functionality of a protocolized experimental approach based on occupational therapy, TAPA (activity-oriented proprioceptive antiedema therapy), in the rehabilitation of BCRL in stages I and II, comparing it with the conservative treatment considered as the standard, complex decongestive therapy (CDT), through a multicenter randomized clinical trial.The study has been financed in the call for competitive competition of research and innovation projects in the field of Primary Care, Regional Hospitals and High Resolution Hospital Centers of the Public Health System of Andalusia for the year 2021, of the Andalusian Public Foundation Progress and Health, according to the definitive list of funded projects, published on 23 December 2021, with EXP. No.: AP-0160-2021-C2-F2, also in the call for “Grants for research projects in Occupational Therapy. Call 2020”, granted by the Professional Association of Occupational Therapists of Extremadura (COPTOEX), Spain and, in 2020, received an economic contribution from the Research Group in Primary Health Care of Aragon (GAIAP-B21-17R group)

Psychosocial and sociodemographic predictors of attrition in a longitudinal study of major depression in primary care: the predictD-Spain study

Few data exist on the psychosocial factors associated with attrition in longitudinal surveys. This study was undertaken to determine psychosocial and sociodemographic predictors of attrition from a longitudinal study of the onset and persistence of episodes of major depression in primary care

Biotecnología de plantas superiores y algas verdes

Los ureidos, alantoína y alantoato, son los principales compuestos sintetizados a partir del nitrógeno fijado en los nódulos de las leguminosas que se exportan a las partes aéreas en leguminosas tropicales como la judía. Los ureidos se producen por la oxidación de las purinas sintetizadas de novo en los nódulos radicales y también como parte de un proceso de recuperación de los compuestos nitrogenados en tejidos senescentes. Los ureidos se acumulan en varios tejidos vegetales en respuesta al estrés hídrico, y se ha sugerido que la acumulación de estos compuestos nitrogenados es la responsable de la inhibición de la fijación de nitrógeno que tiene lugar en condiciones ambientales adversas. A pesar de la importancia crucial de los ureidos como compuestos de reserva y transporte de nitrógeno, hasta el momento no se llevado a cabo la caracterización de las rutas de síntesis y degradación de ureidos en plantas. En particular, parece que existen dos posibles rutas de degradación de alantoato, y que el que determinadas leguminosas usen una u otra ruta puede afectar a la sensibilidad o tolerancia de esas plantas a la sequía. Por tanto la determinación de la ruta que opera en leguminosas de gran interés agronómico como la judía y el garbanzo, puede a la larga tener utilidad biotecnológica con la obtención de plantas que sean capaces de mantener la fijación de nitrógeno en condiciones ambientales adversas, como la sequía. Además de en la caracterización, con fines biotecnológicos del metabolismo de ureidos en leguminosas, se está trabajando obtención de algas superproductoras de γ-tocoferol (vitamina E) mediante ingeniería metabólica, así como en el análisis del contenido en antioxidantes del aceite de oliv

Cuerpo y simbolismo amerindio: diseño museográfico y docente de la colección complutense del Museo de Arqueología y Etnología de América (MAEA, Facultad de Geografía e Historia) referida al cuerpo humano

Depto. de Historia de América y Medieval y Ciencias HistoriográficasFac. de Geografía e HistoriaFALSEsubmitte