Strategic Behaviour and Performance of internet use by Second-hand Spanish Car Dealers

Documento de Trabajo 04/10 perteneciente a la colección de documentos de trabajo "Nuevas Tendencias en Dirección de Empresas", dentro del Máster en Investigación en Economía y Empresa.[ES] La venta de vehículos de segunda mano a través de Internet está creciendo continuamente, no sólo en los países europeos, sino también en el mercado español. El desarrollo de nuevas tecnologías de información permite a los distribuidores a ampliar sus servicios a nivel mundial, dando a los clientes una amplia gama de opciones en la búsqueda de información y recolección de recursos. Cuestionarios presentados a los concesionarios de automóviles españoles de segunda mano se han utilizado para analizar las tendencias, el comportamiento, la estrategia de recursos y el desempeño en el medio electrónico. Las conclusiones nos permiten mostrar cómo la estrategia de diferenciación en el canal de Internet contribuye a un mejor desempeño de los distribuidores, con el precio es una variable que no son pertinentes en las etapas iniciales del proceso de compra, sólo cada vez más importante durante la visita final a la actual distribuidor. Por otra parte, se demuestra que las capacidades organizativas de la empresa predecir su compromiso con el canal electrónico, que ayuda a explicar el rendimiento general alcanzado.[EN] The sale of second-hand vehicles over the Internet is continuously growing not only in European countries but also in the Spanish market. The development of new information technologies allows dealers to extend their services globally, giving customers a wide range of options in the search for information and gathering of resources. Questionnaires submitted to Spanish second-hand car dealers have been used to analyse tendencies, behaviour, resource strategy and performance in the electronic medium. The conclusions reached enable us to show how the differentiation strategy in the Internet channel contributes to a better performance by dealers, with price being a non-relevant variable in the initial stages of the purchase process, only becoming important during the final visit to the actual dealer’s. Furthermore, it is proven that a company’s organizational capabilities predict its commitment to the electronic channel, helping to explain the general performance achieved

Technological complexity: a tool for understanding the behaviour of consumers of high value-added foodstuffs

This article proposes and develops the concept of technological complexity (TC) as a useful and simple tool for grouping key attributes that give added value to a product. In addition, it reports an empirical application of this concept to two different food products (cured ham and cured sausage). The authors used a mixed-effects multi-nomial logistic regression model and show that in the cured pork product agribusiness, a low frequency of consumption favours the acceptance of high TC products. The results also confirm that marketing high TC products in stores with a large assortment decreases the chances of success for agribusiness companies that produce cured pork food products. These finding can be used by the managers for designing complementary attributes that improve their product portfolio. Besides, advertising expenditures associated with introducing new products could be reduced if companies strengthened their presence in specialty stores

Big data in tourism marketing: past research and future opportunities

[EN] Purpose – The purpose of this study was to uncover representative emergent areas and to examine the research area of marketing, tourism and big data (BD) to assess how these thematic areas have developed over a 27-year time period from 1996 to 2022. This study analyzed 1,152 studies to identify the principal thematic areas and emergent topics, principal theories used, predominant forms of analysis and the most productive authors in terms of research. Design/methodology/approach – The articles for this research were all selected from the Web of Science database. A systematic and quantitative literature review was performed. This study used SciMAT software to extract indicators. Specifically, this study analyzed productivity and produced a science map. Findings – The findings suggest that interest in this area has increased gradually. The outputs also reveal the innovative effort of industry in new technologies for developing models for tourism marketing. Ten research areas were identified: “destination marketing,” “mobility patterns,” “co-creation,” “gastronomy,” “sustainability,” “tourist behavior,” “market segmentation,” “artificial neural networks,” “pricing” and “tourist satisfaction.” Originality/value – This work is unique in proposing an agenda for future research into tourism marketing research with new technologies such as BD and artificial intelligence techniques. In addition, the results presented here fill the current gap in the research since while there have been literature reviews covering tourism with BD or marketing, these areas have not been studied as a whole.[ES] El objetivo de esta investigación fue descubrir nichos representativos de áreas emergentes y examinar el área de Marketing, Turismo y Big Data, evaluando cómo han evolucionado estas áreas temáticas durante un período de 27 años desde 1996–2022. Analizamos 1.152 investigaciones para identificar las principales áreas temáticas y temas emergentes, las principales teorías utilizadas, las formas de análisis predominantes y los autores mas productivos en términos de investigación. Metodología – Todos los artículos para esta investigación fueron seleccionados de la base de datos Web of Science. Realizamos una revisión sistemática y cuantitativa de la literatura. Utilizamos el software SciMAT para extraer indicadores. Específicamente, analizamos la productividad y elaboramos un mapeo científico. Hallazgos – Los hallazgos sugieren que el inter es en esta área ha aumentado gradualmente. Los resultados también revelan el esfuerzo innovador de la industria en nuevas tecnologías para desarrollar modelos de marketing turístico. Se identificaron diez áreas de investigación (“marketing de destinos”, “patrones de movilidad”, “cocreación”, “gastronomía”, “sostenibilidad”, “comportamiento turístico”, “segmentación de mercado”, “redes neuronales artificiales”, “precios”, y “satisfacción del turista”). Valor – Este trabajo es único al proponer una agenda para futuras investigaciones en investigación de Marketing Turístico con nuevas tecnologías como Big Data y técnicas de Inteligencia Artificial. Además, los resultados presentados aquí llenan el vacío actual en la investigación ya que si bien se han realizado revisiones de literatura que cubren Turismo con Big Data o Marketing, estas áreas no se han estudiado como un conjunto.SIThis research was funded by Ministerio de Industria, Comercio y Turismo (Spain), AEI-010500–2020-253(DTI^A Project: 4.0 technological tools for measurement, evaluation and monitoring of the Friendliness concept linked to the Smart Tourist Destinations

How can destinations get engagement on Instagram? Artificial Intelligence as a tool for photo analysis

[EN] What type of content should be published on Instagram to get more engagement? This article highlights the different characteristics that the images of tourists show on Instagram with the most engagement, that is likes and comments. Understanding the behavior in a destination helps tourism managers in marketing strategies. Based on the stimulus-organism-response model, a content analysis of 49,540 photographs shared by tourists that received 3,734,384 likes and 133,497 comments is carried out. By combining the content analysis with Kruskal-Wallis non-parametric tests, the results show that the different characteristics found in the images imply different amounts between comments and likes, demonstrating that the behavior of users on Instagram is influenced by the different attributes of the images. Specifically, images that feature people get more engagement than destination-focused ones. Additionally, scenes such as gastronomy and nature get less engagement than scenes such as old and new heritage, outdoors, and entertainment. Specifically, photos with people get greater rate of comments than likes, and if the format is selfie, they also get more comments. The implications of this research directly affect destination managers, offering clues about the content generated by tourists that produces the most engagement, thus attracting potential tourists and Instagram users.Blanco-Moreno, S.; González-Fernández, AM.; Muñoz-Gallego, PA. (2023). How can destinations get engagement on Instagram? Artificial Intelligence as a tool for photo analysis. Editorial Universitat Politècnica de València. 123-124. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/20171412312

What do you do or with whom? Understanding happiness with the tourism experience: an AI approach applied to Instagram

[EN] More and more tourists are sharing their experiences on their social media through a combination of photos, texts, and hashtags. But there is a scarcity of studies in literature on analyzing tourists’ visual content in relation to tourism destinations. To address this gap in literature, this study explores how and with whom users express the greatest happiness in holiday destinations, and how they share it with their community, through a mixed methods approach composed of analysis of images, text, and metadata. This approach allows us to address the objective of this research, which is the prediction of the happiness felt by tourists during their experience, using innovative techniques that allow the independent variables to be obtained. To predict tourist satisfaction, two sources of data, photos and texts, are analyzed: a novel approach and little explored in the literature, but necessary due to the interaction of both variables. This study applies various artificial intelligence analyses on visual content (deep learning), and textual and metadata content (machine learning) to 39,235 Instagram posts shared by tourists since the emergence of Instagram thirteen years ago, at a cultural and gastronomic tourist destination. The findings of the visual content analysis showed that socialization and company, that is, traveling and interacting with people, was a key aspect of a positive tourism experience. In addition, the gender of the people with whom they traveled, and the tourist’s narcissism were also key aspects in the generation and expression of positive emotions. Regarding the analysis of the textual content, the results showed that when tourists enjoyed a positive experience, they became more involved in the generation of content, that is, they showed their happiness through positive words.S

Formulation and optimization of emulsions based on bitter fennel essential oil and EO/BO block copolymer surfactant

The influence of EO/BO block copolymer surfactant concentration in the range (1–5% (m/m)) and emulsification time on the emulsion stability and droplet size distribution of bitter fennel essential oil-in-water emulsions has been studied. Essential oils are promising material to be used for emulsion formulation with applications in cosmetics, food industry and agrochemicals. In the latter field these emulsions may be used as matrices for pesticides, where essential oils play the role of an eco-friendly solvent. A two-factor central composite design was conducted in order to optimize the emulsion formulation and processing. Emulsion stability has been studied as function of ageing time, by multiple light scattering (Turbiscan Lab-expert, Formulaction) and laser diffraction (Mastersizer X, Malvern). The surface response methodology allowed us to obtain a formulation comprising minimum droplet size and maximum stability by using a single step rotor/stator homogenization process. Creaming turned out to be the main destabilization mechanism. In order to improve emulsion stability the influence of high pressure homogenization (M110P, Microfluidics, MA, USA) and addition of a weighting agent (rosin gum) was studied. Although lower droplet sizes were obtained in both cases (D3,2 were in the range 0.30–0.35 μm), emulsions were more unstable maybe due to Ostwald ripening phenomena.(Project CTQ2015-70700-P) from theSpanish Ministerio de Economía y CompetitividadEuropean Commission (FEDER Programme)Bordas Chinchurreta and KA

O PAPEL DA ORIENTAÇÃO EMPREENDEDORA NO RELACIONAMENTO ENTRE ORIENTAÇÃO PARA O MERCADO E DESEMPENHO EMPRESARIAL: EVIDÊNCIAS DAS PEQUENAS EMPRESAS DO COMÉRCIO

The academic literature available in marketing and administration presents several models of the relationship between Market Orientation, Entrepreneurial Orientation and its roles in the business performance. In this research were examined and tested three sets of hypotheses to evaluate the empiric importance of the Market Orientation on Business Performance, when moderated by the Entrepreneurial Orientation, in the small retail firms of Mato Grosso do Sul State. The data were obtained from a survey in a sample of 274 firms and the hypotheses were evaluated using the multiple lineal regression. The main findings give strong empiric evidence that how much larger the Market Orientation best is the Business Performance. The moderations of the dimensions of the propensity to Take Risk and Proactivity of Entrepreneurial Orientation are positive, but the Innovation process does not produce moderating effect between the constructs. We discuss the managerial implications and offer suggestions for future research.La literatura académica de marketing y gestión propone varios modelos de relación entre las orientaciones para el mercado, las actividades emprendedoras y sus reflejos en el desempeño empresarial. En este estudio fueron examinados y testados tres conjuntos de hipótesis para evaluar las evidencias empíricas de la importancia de la Orientación para el Mercado sobre el Desempeño Empresarial, cuando moderado por la Orientación Emprendedora, en el segmento del comercio y servicio de las micros y pequeñas empresas de Mato Grosso del Sur. Los datos fueron obtenidos de la aplicación de un cuestionario en una muestra de 274 empresas en Mato Grosso do Sul y las hipótesis fueron evaluadas empleando la regresión lineal múltipla. Los principales hallados dan fuerte evidencia empírica que cuanto mayor la Orientación para el Mercado mejor es el Desempeño Empresarial. Las moderaciones de las dimensiones de la propensión en Asumir Riesgos y Proactividad de la Orientación Emprendedora sano positivas, pero la dimensión del proceso de innovación no producen efecto moderador entre los constructores. Son discutidas las implicaciones gerenciales y propuestas sugerencias para trabajos futuros.A literatura acadêmica de marketing e gestão oferece vários modelos de relacionamento entre as orientações para o mercado, empreendedorismo e os seus reflexos no desempenho empresarial. Neste estudo foram examinados e testados três conjuntos de hipóteses para avaliar as evidências empíricas da importância da Orientação para o Mercado sobre o Desempenho Empresarial, quando moderado pela Orientação Empreendedora, no segmento do comércio e serviço das micro e pequena empresas de Mato Grosso do Sul. Os dados foram obtidos da aplicação de um questionário em uma amostra de 274 empresas sul-mato-grossenses e as hipóteses foram avaliadas empregando a regressão linear múltipla. Os principais achados dão forte evidência empírica que quanto maior a Orientação para o Mercado melhor é o Desempenho Empresarial. As moderações das dimensões da propensão em Assumir Riscos e Proatividade da Orientação Empreendedora são positivas, mas a dimensão do processo de inovação não produz efeito moderador entre os constructos. São discutidas as implicações gerenciais e oferecidas sugestões para trabalhos futuros

SHARDS: A global view of the star formation activity at z~0.84 and z~1.23

In this paper, we present a comprehensive analysis of star-forming galaxies (SFGs) at intermediate redshifts (z~1). We combine the ultra-deep optical spectro-photometric data from the Survey for High-z Absorption Red and Dead Sources (SHARDS) with deep UV-to-FIR observations in the GOODS-N field. Exploiting two of the 25 SHARDS medium-band filters, F687W17 and F823W17, we select [OII] emission line galaxies at z~0.84 and z~1.23 and characterize their physical properties. Their rest-frame equivalent widths (EW$_{\mathrm{rf}}$([OII])), line fluxes, luminosities, star formation rates (SFRs) and dust attenuation properties are investigated. The evolution of the EW$_{\mathrm{rf}}$([OII]) closely follows the SFR density evolution of the universe, with a trend of EW$_{\mathrm{rf}}$([OII])$\propto$(1+z)$^3$ up to redshift z~1, followed by a possible flattening. The SF properties of the galaxies selected on the basis of their [OII] emission are compared with complementary samples of SFGs selected by their MIR and FIR emission, and also with a general mass-selected sample of galaxies at the same redshifts. We demonstrate observationally that the UVJ diagram (or, similarly, a cut in the specific SFR) is only partially able to distinguish the quiescent galaxies from the SFGs. The SFR-M$_*$ relation is investigated for the different samples, yelding a logarithmic slope ~1, in good agreement with previous results. The dust attenuations derived from different SFR indicators (UV(1600), UV(2800), [OII], IR) are compared and show clear trends with respect to both the stellar mass and total SFR, with more massive and highly star-forming galaxies being affected by stronger dust attenuation.Comment: Replaced to match the accepted version (24 pages, 1 table, 17 figures). Published in ApJ, 812, 155 (2015): http://stacks.iop.org/0004-637X/812/15

Reología aplicada y tecnología de coloides. Aplicaciones en ingeniería de productos

La estrategia actual de investigación del grupo de Reología Aplicada y Tecnología de Coloides de la Universidad de Sevilla se centra en tres objetivos. Los proyectos de investigación en Ingeniería Química desarrollados en Europa durante la primera parte del siglo XXI deben tener como objetivo a) actualizar la información acerca del estado del conocimiento en las temáticas de investigación básica e ir más allá de las fronteras de los conocimientos actuales (Investigación Básica), asumiendo riesgos de viabilidad en caso necesario, b) fomentar la investigación y los proyectos en colaboración con empresas así como la transferencia del conocimiento (Investigación Aplicada) y c) mejorar los programas de formación de alumnos de grado, posgrado y doctorandos así como de los profesionales del sector. Este grupo de investigación está especialmente involucrado e interesado en la ingeniería del producto. Actualmente en diferentes tipos de dispersiones, como emulsiones, suspensiones, suspoemulsiones, biopolímeros y disoluciones de tensioactivos y cristales líquidos. Las técnicas experimentales utilizadas aportan información muy útil en las escalas micro y nanométricas. Finalmente, subrayar que uno de los objetivos de la ingeniería del producto consiste en prever las propiedades funcionales y en servicio de un producto en función de la evolución de su nano, microestructura.Ministerio de Industria, Energía y Comercio (España) y FEDER (European Union) Evaluación de la homogenización por microcanales para la preparación y caracterización de emulsiones submicrónicas de aceites esenciales CTQ2015-70700-

Infraestructura para las prácticas de las asignaturas relacionadas con las Aplicaciones Web como apoyo a la docencia digital

El objetivo de este proyecto es mejorar la experiencia de los estudiantes en asignaturas relacionadas con el desarrollo de aplicaciones web. Como es habitual en estas asignaturas, y en otras asignaturas de titulaciones de la facultad, desde los laboratorios de la facultad se ponen a disposición de los alumnos recursos para poder llevar a cabo las prácticas y proyectos asociados a dichas asignaturas. Para abordar estos aspectos, el objetivo general de este proyecto es proporcionar un entorno de laboratorio que pueden utilizar tanto dentro de la UCM como desde sus casas donde desplegar los proyectos desarrollados durante la asignatura. Este entorno será un entorno similar al que se encontrarán durante su experiencia profesional de despliegue en entorno de nube pública, pero adaptando la experiencia a un entorno de aprendizaje y evitando la necesidad de registrarse en una plataforma externa la Universidad