Joint degrees in cooperative e-learning environments

En los modelos educativos tradicionales es común observar el desarrollo de convenios de cooperación entre diversas organizaciones para la realización de titulaciones conjuntas, en los cuales, cada organización aporta a su contraparte recursos de aprendizaje, docentes y/o estudiantes, buscando el logro de las competencias educativas con esfuerzos comunes. En la sociedad del conocimiento, las tecnologías de la información y de las comunicaciones (TIC) aportan ventajas competitivas que facilitan los espacios de cooperación para el desarrollo de titulaciones conjuntas; sin embargo, se observa que existen limitaciones de índole tecnológica, que dificultan la realización de estos espacios de cooperación. El presente trabajo analiza los ambientes cooperativos para la realización de titulaciones conjuntas, describiendo factores adversos que inhiben estos espacios y propone alternativas de solución a la problemática observada.In traditional education models, we can frequently observe the development of cooperation agreements between diverse organisations for the undertaking of joint degrees, whereby each organisation provides its counterpart with learning resources, faculty and/or students in order to achieve educational competences through joint efforts. In the knowledge society, Information and Communication Technologies (ITC) provide competitive advantages that facilitate areas of cooperation for the development of joint degrees. However, technological limitations exist that hinder the creation of such areas of cooperation. This work analyses the cooperative environs for the undertaking of joint degrees and describes adverse factors that inhibit such areas, as well as proposing alternative solutions to the problems observed

FTCS finite difference scheme GPGPU parallel computing for the heat conduction equation = Programación en paralelo GPGPU del método en diferencias finitas FTCS para la ecuación del calor

En el presente artículo se muestran las ventajas de la programación en paralelo resolviendo numéricamente la ecuación del calor en dos dimensiones a través del método de diferencias finitas explícito centrado en el espacio FTCS. De las conclusiones de este trabajo se pone de manifiesto la importancia de la programación en paralelo para tratar problemas grandes, en los que se requiere un elevado número de cálculos, para los cuales la programación secuencial resulta impracticable por el elevado tiempo de ejecución. En la primera sección se describe brevemente los conceptos básicos de programación en paralelo. Seguidamente se resume el método de diferencias finitas explícito centrado en el espacio FTCS aplicado a la ecuación parabólica del calor. Seguidamente se describe el problema de condiciones de contorno y valores iniciales específico al que se va a aplicar el método de diferencias finitas FTCS, proporcionando pseudocódigos de una implementación secuencial y dos implementaciones en paralelo. Finalmente tras la discusión de los resultados se presentan algunas conclusiones. In this paper the advantages of parallel computing are shown by solving the heat conduction equation in two dimensions with the forward in time central in space (FTCS) finite difference method. Two different levels of parallelization are consider and compared with traditional serial procedures. We show in this work the importance of parallel computing when dealing with large problems that are impractical or impossible to solve them with a serial computing procedure. In the first section a summary of parallel computing approach is presented. Subsequently, the forward in time central in space (FTCS) finite difference method for the heat conduction equation is outline, describing how the heat flow equation is derived in two dimensions and the particularities of the finite difference numerical technique considered. Then, a specific initial boundary value problem is solved by the FTCS finite difference method and serial and parallel pseudo codes are provided. Finally after results are discussed some conclusions are presented

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Imagen 1. Fuente. Revista de Estudios Sociales (1999-2000) Tomás Moro "Mas yo quería decir no que te prestes al servicio de los reyes, sino que les prestes tus servicios". "Y es que está dispuesto por naturaleza que a cada cual le cautiven sus propios hallazgos". "A este respecto, tanto vosotros como buena parte del mundo parecéis imitar a los malos preceptores que están más dispuestos a azotar a sus discípulos que a enseñarles. Se promulgan así severos y terribles castigos contra el ladrón,..

Analysis of Surface Charge Effects and Edge Fringing Capacitance in Planar GaAs and GaN Schottky Barrier Diodes

[EN]In this article, by means of a 2-D ensemble Monte Carlo simulator, the Schottky barrier diodes (SBDs) with realistic geometries based on GaAs and GaN are studied as promising devices for increasing the high-frequency performance- and power-handling capability of frequency mixers and multipliers. The nonlinearity of the capacitance–voltage (C–V) characteristic is the most important parameter for optimizing the performance of SBDs as frequencymultipliers. The small size of the diodes used for ultrahigh-frequency applications makes the value of its intrinsic capacitance to deviate from the ideal one due to fringing effects. We have observed that the value of the edge capacitancewell into reverse bias does not depend on the applied voltage. We define an edge-effect parameter beta, which, interestingly, is affected by the presence or absence of surface charges at the semiconductor–dielectric interface, sigma . Two physical models have been considered: a fixed sigma related to a surface potential Vs constant surface-charge model (CCM) and a self-consistent model in which the local value of sigma is dynamically evaluated depending on the surrounding electron density self-consistent surface-charge model (SCCM). Using the CCM, we obtain that beta depends on the depth of the depletion region Ws created by the surface charges, nearly irrespectively of the epilayer doping or semiconductor type. The more realistic SCCM indicates that, at low frequencies, when the surface charges are able to follow the variations of the applied voltage, the value of beta approaches the one obtained without surface charges,while the high-frequency value (the significant one) is smaller.Spanish MINECO and FEDER under Project TEC2017-83910-R and Junta de Castilla y León and FEDER under Project SA254P18

SOC-V-11 New serum miRNA biomarkers to predict liver steatosis by valproic acid in paediatric epileptic patients

Depakine (Valproate, VPA) has been the first line, most-frequently prescribed, anti-epileptic drug in children for the past 50 years. Idiosyncratic hepatotoxicity (iDILI) by VPA has been demonstrated in several case reports, where microvesicular liver steatosis was the most frequent feature. Moreover, more than half of VPA-treated patients could have silent fatty liver as demonstrated by ultrasounds. Extensive experimental studies support that VPA has a high potential to induce steatosis in hepatocytes. However, there is an apparent lack of significant hepatic problems in the Neuropediatric Units, despite transaminitis is not uncommon. One of the reasons could be that iDILI and liver steatosis diagnosis lack specific biomarkers. Thus, it is likely that a relevant number of children under VPA treatment may have a significant, but sub-clinical, hepatosteatosis

Technological Parameters and Edge Fringing Capacitance in GaN Schottky Barrier Diodes: Monte Carlo Simulations

[EN]Schottky barrier diodes (SBDs) with realistic geometries have been studied by means of a 2-D ensemble Monte Carlo simulator. The non-linearity of the Capacitance-Voltage (C-V) characteristic is the most important parameter for optimizing SBDs as frequency multipliers. In this paper, by changing the values of several technological parameters, we analyze their influence on the edge fringing capacitance in a GaN SBD. We have found that the parameters related with the dielectric used for the passivation and the lateral extension of the epilayer significantly affect the fringing capacitance, thus increasing the value of the total capacitance above the ideal one.Spanish MINECO and FEDER under Project TEC2017-83910-R and Junta de Castilla y León and FEDER under Project SA254P1

CardioVilla 2011: Enhorabuena para la salud de la medicina cardiovascular cubana

En este editorial se hace una breve relación de los aspectos más relevantes del IV Congreso de Cardiocirugia CardioVilla 2011, evento celebrado en Santa Clara, Cuba, del 13 al 15 de octubre de 2011, y que contó con el auspicio de varias sociedades científicas, entre ellas la Sociedad Interamericana de Cardiología, con la que se realizó una videoconferencia por internet. En el congreso se conmemoró el 25 aniversario de los Cardiocentros Saturmino Lora, Willian Soler y Ernesto Che Guevara. Además quedó constituida la nueva Junta Directiva de la Sociedad Cubana de Cardiología.</p

A polymorphism in the EAAT2 promoter is associated with higher glutamate concentrations and higher frequency of progressing stroke

It remains unclear why some individuals are susceptible to excitotoxicity after stroke. A possible explanation is impaired glutamate uptake. We have found a highly prevalent polymorphism in the promoter of the glutamate transporter EAAT2 gene that abolishes a putative regulatory site for activator protein–2 (AP-2) and creates a new consensus binding site for the repressor transcription factor GC-binding factor 2 (GCF2). The mutant genotype is associated with increased plasma glutamate concentrations and with a higher frequency of early neurological worsening in human stroke. After transfection into astrocytes, the mutant promoter was not activated by AP-2 and was effectively repressed by GCF2, and its activity in the presence of GCF2 was reduced when compared with the AP-2–cotransfected wild-type promoter. We also show that GCF2 is expressed in ischemic rat brain, suggesting that decreased glutamate uptake occurs in individuals carrying the mutation after stroke. These findings may explain individual susceptibility to excitotoxic damage after stroke as well as the failure of glutamate antagonists in those patients without this polymorphism

The Increase of Circulating Endothelial Progenitor Cells After Acute Ischemic Stroke Is Associated With Good Outcome

Background and Purpose— Increased circulating endothelial progenitor cells (EPC) have been associated with a low cardiovascular risk and may be involved in endothelial cell regeneration. The present study was designed to evaluate the prognostic value of EPC in acute ischemic stroke. Methods— Forty-eight patients with a first-ever nonlacunar ischemic stroke were prospectively included in the study within 12 hours of symptoms onset. Stroke severity was evaluated by the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale, and functional outcome was assessed at 3 months by the modified Rankin Scale (mRS). Infarct volume growth between admission and days 4 to 7 was measured on multiparametric MRI. EPC colonies were defined as early outgrowth colony-forming unit-endothelial cell (CFU-EC). The increment of CFU-EC was quantified during the first week and defined as the absolute difference between the number of CFU-EC at day 7 and admission. The influence of CFU-EC increase on good functional outcome (mRS ≤2) and infarct growth was analyzed by logistic regression and linear models. Results— Patients with good outcome (n=25) showed a higher CFU-EC increment during the first week (median [quartiles], 23 [11, 36] versus −3 [−7, 1], P<0.0001) compared with patients with poor outcome. CFU-EC increment ≥4 during the first week was associated with good functional outcome at 3 months (odds ratio, 30.7; 95% CI, 2.4 to 375.7; P=0.004) after adjustment for baseline stroke severity, ischemic volume and thrombolytic treatment. For each unit increase in the CFU-EC the mean reduction in the growth of infarct volume was 0.39 (0.03 to 0.76) mL (P=0.033). Conclusions— The increase of circulating EPC after acute ischemic stroke is associated with good functional outcome and reduced infarct growth. These findings suggest that EPC might participate in neurorepair after ischemic stroke.This project has been partially supported by grants from the Spanish Ministry of Education and Science SAF2005-00359, SAF2005-05960, SAF2006-01753, Fundación de Investigación Médica Mútua Madrileña, Xunta de Galicia PGIDIT06BTF91801PR, and Spanish Ministry of Health (Instituto de Salud Carlos III) RETICS-RD06/0026.Peer reviewe

TEDH y gestación por sustitución

Grado en Derecho. Derecho Internacional Privado Grupo II, 2020-201[ES]Cuando hablamos de gestación por sustitución, observamos que existe una denominación muy variada acerca del tema que hacen referencia a un mismo fenómeno: gestación por sustitución, maternidad subrogada, gestación subrogada, etc. Si bien, de conformidad con la Real Academia Española la gestación por sustitución es definida como el embarazo en el que media un contrato en virtud del cual, la gestante renuncia a la declaración de maternidad del hijo en favor del reconocimiento de la filiación biológica de otras personas, los padres comitentes o intencionales. Si observamos las definiciones que da la doctrina acerca de la gestación por sustitución, todas ellas van a coincidir en la existencia de una serie de aspectos: de un contrato entre las partes, de una gestante, de un progenitor o unos progenitores legales, y de una entrega del bebé cuando finaliza el proceso. Por lo tanto, podemos considerar que estos elementos encuadran la base de la gestación por sustitución