The Darboux transformation and the complex Toda lattice

It is well known that each solution of the Toda lattice can be represented by a tridiagonal matrix J(t). Under certain restrictions, it is possible to obtain some new solution by using the Darboux transformation of J(t) ¡ CI. Our goal is the extension of this fact, which is known for the real lattice, to high order complex Toda lattices as well as to the bi-infinite Toda lattice. In this latter case, we use the factorization LU for block-tridiagonal matrices

El docente del siglo XXI ante la TDT

Pese a la inclusión, en el sistema educativo español, de la llamada competencia medial y la actual revisión de leyes como la LOE o la Ley General Audiovisual, en ciernes, que aparentemente han de mejorar la protección y el desarrollo de nuestros jóvenes en la sociedad de la información y la imagen, ese nuevo marco se nos antoja todavía insuficiente. Más, si cabe, en un momento en el que el último Estudio General de Medios, correspondiente a diciembre de 2009, evidencia que se mantiene una tendencia creciente en el tiempo que los menores dedican al consumo diario de televisión, pese a lo cual el sector educativo se sigue mostrando reacio a asumir su cuota de responsabilidad en la educación medial. Lo que supone, a su vez, desechar las posibilidades educativas de los nuevos recursos técnicos a nuestro alcance, entre los que se encuentra la TDT tal y como analizamos en este estudio.Despite the inclusion in the Spanish Educational System of medial competences and the current revision of laws such as the LOE and the Audiovisual General Law being envisaged it is apparent the government must improve the protection and development of our young people in the society of information and image but this new framework still seems insufficient. It is even if the last general media study took place in December 2009, it showed still remains a growing trend in the time children spend watching TV in despite which the education sector continues to show reluctance in assuming its share of responsibility for medial education. Which, in turn, discard the educational possibilities of the new technical resources at our disposal, among DTT as we discussed in this study

Resistance to the SDHI fungicides boscalid and fluopyram in Podosphaera xanthii from commercial cucurbit fields in Spain

Powdery mildew elicited by Podosphaera xanthii is a devastating disease of cucurbits worldwide and one of the most important diseases affecting these crops in Spain. Application of fungicides is the main control practice for managing P. xanthii; however, isolates resistant to multiple classes of site-specific fungicides have been recently reported in the Spanish cucurbit powdery mildew population. Succinate dehydrogenase inhibitors (SDHIs) constitute a relatively novel class of fungicides registered for powdery mildew control representing new alternatives for cucurbit growers. In the present study, 30 P. xanthii isolates were used to determine the effective concentration that reduces mycelial growth by 50% (EC50) to boscalid and fluopyram. The present study was also conducted to obtain discriminatory doses to monitor SDHI fungicide resistance in 180 P. xanthii isolates collected from several commercial cucurbit fields in Spain during 2017-2018. Three SDHI resistance patterns were observed in our population, which include patterns I (resistance to boscalid), II (resistance to fluopyram), and III (resistance to boscalid and fluopyram). The amino acid changes associated with these resistance patterns in the Sdh protein were also examined. Based on our results, SDHI fungicides are good alternatives for cucurbit powdery mildew control, although they should be applied with caution.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tec

Towards an automatic monitoring for higher education learning design

The development of new Information Technologies (IT) has originated new possibilities to design pedagogical methodologies that provide the necessary knowledge and skills in the higher education. This paper presents a metadata-based model representation that is used to represent, detect, and even automatically correct possible pitfalls in the schedule process of a Learning Design (LD) in e-learning environments. This metadata-based model is combined with Artificial Intelligence techniques, such as, planning and scheduling to monitor how is evolving a particular LD, and to propose solutions in those modules of the design that learning problems among the students have been found.This work was funded by the Universidad de Alcalá project UAH PI2005/084 and the CICYT project TSI2006- 12085

Giving Voice to Women: Social Representations and Experiences of Breastfeeding

Breastfeeding is a central issue in research from a gender perspective. We consider breastfeeding as a biopsychosocial, diverse and plural process, which generates ambivalent experiences in mothers. Our research was aimed to increase the understanding of thoughts and experiences of mothers. Ten women, primiparous and non-primiparous mother, were interviewed at two moments in time. The results showed that the breastfeeding period was shorter than the time recommended by health organizations, the reasons to breastfeed were related to the well-being of their children and women´s social support came from their partners.Breastfeeding is a central issue in research from a gender perspective. We consider breastfeeding as a biopsychosocial, diverse and plural process, which generates ambivalent experiences in mothers. Our research was aimed to increase the understanding of thoughts and experiences of mothers. Ten women, primiparous and non-primiparous mother, were interviewed at two moments in time. The results showed that the breastfeeding period was shorter than the time recommended by health organizations, the reasons to breastfeed were related to the well-being of their children and women´s social support came from their partners

Técnicas estadísticas en Manufacturing Intelligence

"Manufacturing intelligence" is a term linked to a research area focused on taking advantage of improvement in the production process of manufacturing industries due to ICT development. The main goal is to take advantage of the value of the data obtained from various sources, specially ICT, in order to transform this data to useful information that generate practical knowledge to improve operational systems as well as management. In an industrial context, it is common to optimize production processes from previous experiments. However, it is needed to invest a lot of time and resources. The point of view selected for this academic task is using simulation techniques not only to reduce costs and time to process optimization but taking advantage of the opportunities offered by the simulation in management of untreatable problems via ‘Integer linear programming'. This is the main reason to bet for simulation as a support tool for improve scheduling in a Job Shop environment. This academic task has had two different phases. First, manufacturing industries identification and definition. How? Analyzing the different components of a manufacturing system attending to process, structure, sequencing rules and implementation proposals.Second, a 'R-application' has been developed for an industry of manufacturing corrugated cardboard boxes. The application is useful for the description of the industry situation and to perform simulations that help to identify options for the process improvement. In this research, it has been very important to find a link or interaction between input variables: planned production schedules, manufacturing times, number of colors, types of processes used, equipment for manufacturing. The commitment was to find the best operational sequence in order to reduce manufacturing timing, operational 5 timing (Makespan) and increasing the period of time while using equipments, cutting down non-profitable working time (idle) in Job Shop contexts.Universidad de Sevilla. Grado en Estadístic

Resistance to SDHI fungicides in Botrytis cinerea from strawberry fields in Spain

Gray mold, caused by Botrytis cinerea Pers., is one of the most economically important diseases of strawberries and its control involves the application of fungicides throughout the strawberry growing season. Succinate dehydrogenase inhibitors (SDHIs) constitute a novel class of fungicides representing new alternatives for strawberry growers. In the present study, B. cinerea isolates were used to determine the effective concentration that reduces mycelial growth by 50% (EC50) and to obtain discriminatory doses to monitor SDHI fungicides over the course of three-year monitoring period. The overall frequencies of resistance to the SDHI fungicides boscalid, fluopyram, fluxapyroxad and penthiopyrad were 56.9, 6.9, 12.9, and 24.6%, respectively. Four SDHI resistance patterns were observed in our population. Patterns I (resistance to boscalid) and II (resistance to boscalid and penthiopyrad) were associated with the amino acid substitutions H272R/Y; pattern III (resistance to boscalid, fluxapyroxad, and penthiopyrad) was associated only with the H272Y mutation; and finally, pattern IV (resistance to boscalid, fluopyram, fluxapyroxad and penthiopyrad) was associated with the N230I allele in the SdhB subunit. For gray mold management, it is suggested that the simultaneous use of boscalid and penthiopyrad should be limited to one application per season. The use of fluxapyroxad and fluopyram could be used as valid SDHI alternatives for our strawberry growers, but they should be applied with caution.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech

Análisis por envoltura de datos en empresas de saneamiento en España

El presente documento quiere analizar a las empresas de saneamiento de aguas en España y así ofrecer una visión general de la situación actual de cada una de ellas en el ámbito de la eficiencia mediante el análisis de envolvente de datos. Primero se realiza una investigación y búsqueda de datos que aportan las empresas en sus bases de datos, y así poder realizar una selección en función de la disponibilidad de los mismo. Seguidamente se desarrollan las variables de entrada y de salida de manera general, considerándose 7 entradas y 9 salida. Posteriormente se analizarán en tres modelos distintos enfocados a un plano enconómico, al propio aprovechamiento de los recursos de las empresas y un tercer modelo de sostenibilidad. Este análisis se ejecutará con orientación de salida y en los casos de retorno de escala constante y variable y así realizar comparación entre ambos. Se llevará a cabo mediante el software EMS, a través del cual se obtendrán las unidades eficientes e ineficientes para poder evaluarlas. La intención de este trabajo es visualizar la situación actual de las empresas de saneamiento por su importancia en referencia a la población tanto a nivel enconómico como social.This document aims to analyze the water treatment companies in Spain and thus provide an overview of the current situation of each of them in the field of efficiency by means of data envelopment analysis. First, an investigation and search for data provided by the companies in their databases is carried out, in order to be able to make a selection based on the availability of the data. Next, the input and output variables are developed in a general way, considering 7 inputs and 9 outputs. Subsequently, they will be analysed in three different models focused on an economic level, on the companies' own use of resources and a third model of sustainability. This analysis will be carried out with output orientation and in the cases of constant and variable scale return and thus make a comparison between the two. It will be carried out using the EMS software, through which the efficient and inefficient units will be obtained in order to evaluate them. The intention of this work is to visualise the current situation of the sanitation companies due to their importance in reference to the population at both economic and social levels.Universidad de Sevilla. Grado en Ingeniería de Organización Industria

Cannes’ Best Screenplay Award: A Study on the Social Construction of Meaning and Value

In studying Cannes’ Best Screenplay award my aim was to better understand the prestige and the meaning making processes that surround the Festival de Cannes. To conduct this research on how awards perform the cultural identity of film festivals, I applied Pierre Bourdieu’s theories on capital, culture, art and distinction (1984, 1993, 1996, and more) together with reception studies and film festival theories. Accordingly, the festival’s prestige is regarded as socially sustained and giving out several awards strengthens and organises its “collective network” (Marijke De Valck 2007). Simultaneously, reinforcing Cannes’ prestige and its identity values secures the position and influence of those same social agents in the economies, cultures and geopolitics of cinema. In my research I examine a set period, from 2006 to 2014, in order to connect the tensions that cut through the Festival de Cannes back to wider frames of reference and back to concrete contexts which are relevant to our understanding of how and why certain films win awards while others are overlooked. Given that film festivals attach symbolic capital (Pierre Bourdieu 1979) and contribute to the construction of films as cultural products (Janet Harbord 2002), this study provides increased knowledge of the broader ramifications that film festival awards have for industrial and cultural dimensions of filmmaking. The Festival de Cannes can be seen as a network constructed brand that generates symbolic capital and reifies meaning making possibilities (adding to the works of Julian Stringer 2003a, Liz Czach 2004, Thomas Elsasser 2005, Rosalind Galt 2010, Cindy Wong 2011, Dorota Ostrowska 2016, and others). In this light, Cannes’ Best Screenplay Award serves to reinforce certain cinema values that the Festival de Cannes brand is associated with: diversity, reflecting the world we live in and, paradoxically, also authorship