Gray mold, caused by Botrytis cinerea Pers., is one of the most economically important
diseases of strawberries and its control involves the application of fungicides throughout the
strawberry growing season. Succinate dehydrogenase inhibitors (SDHIs) constitute a novel class of
fungicides representing new alternatives for strawberry growers. In the present study, B.
cinerea isolates were used to determine the effective concentration that reduces mycelial
growth by 50% (EC50) and to obtain discriminatory doses to monitor SDHI fungicides over the
course of three-year monitoring period. The overall frequencies of resistance to the SDHI
fungicides boscalid, fluopyram, fluxapyroxad and penthiopyrad were 56.9, 6.9, 12.9, and
24.6%, respectively. Four SDHI resistance patterns were observed in our population.
Patterns I (resistance to boscalid) and II (resistance to boscalid and penthiopyrad) were
associated with the amino acid substitutions H272R/Y; pattern III (resistance to boscalid,
fluxapyroxad, and penthiopyrad) was associated only with the H272Y mutation; and finally,
pattern IV (resistance to boscalid, fluopyram, fluxapyroxad and penthiopyrad) was associated with
the N230I allele in the SdhB subunit. For gray mold management, it is suggested that the
simultaneous use of boscalid and penthiopyrad should be limited to one application per season.
The use of fluxapyroxad and fluopyram could be used as valid SDHI alternatives for our strawberry
growers, but they should be applied with caution.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech
