Body mass index categories and attained height in Portuguese adults

Objective: To analyze the associations between height and BMI categories in a Portuguese representative sample. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study with a representative sample of 32,644 Portuguese adults (52.4% females). Sociodemographic and lifestyle characteristics were obtained along with self-reported height and weight. We performed generalized linear models to assess the differences in attained height across BMI categories; analyses were adjusted for age, gender, education, family income per month, proxy reporting information, dietary patterns, and smoking. Results: BMI categories included underweight and normal weight (46.4%), overweight (37.6%), obese class I and II (15.2%), and obese class III (0.8%). Adults with normal weight had a significantly higher height (females +7 cm and males +5 cm) when compared to obese class III. As BMI categories increased, height decreased. In females and males, after adjusting for confounders, estimates of attained height decreased when compared to the unadjusted model (beta = -0.049, 95% CI = -0.050; -0.049 and beta = -0.030, 95% CI = -0.031; -0.029, respectively), although they remained still significant. Conclusion: Our results suggest a significant difference in attained height between BMI categories. Future intervention programs aiming at preventing overweight and obesity should monitor sociodemographic, health and environmental conditions that affect attained height potential.- (undefined

Comparison of Rolling Forces and Enlargement of Hot-rolled Strips Obtained from Experimental, Analytical and Simulation Models

During rolling processes, the strain on the thickness direction of a material inevitably results in dimensional changes in width and length. Knowledge of the behavior of strains and stresses acting during hot rolling process becomes indispensable, as it allows to estimate the resulting geometry and optimize process conditions. This study compares the deformation and the rolling forces obtained through experiments, analytical models and finite element simulation. To this end, SAE 1020 steel was hot processed in a duo rolling mill for reductions of 13%, 17% and 21% in height. Based on the performed experiments, a microstructural analysis was performed and a numerical model was proposed. Furthermore, these results were compared with different analytical models to determine the process characteristics. The numerical model obtained the better approximation among the approached models, with a discrepancy in the order of ±0.005mm in comparison with the measured values of the real deformation in width direction, what represents a relative error of 0.03%. Furthermore, the calculated force through simulation presented results closer to the ones measured experimentally presenting a good fit for the proposed model and hot rolling process. Finally, the processed microstructure migrated from elongated to equiaxed grains arising from the dynamic recrystallization mechanism. This study shows that numerical simulation had become an important tool to assess the development of rolling processes as they can predict the final geometry and forces with good correlation with real processing conditions

ARENAS COMPETITIVAS E CAMPOS ORGANIZACIONAIS NA INDÚSTRIA GLOBAL DE ENERGIA CO-GERADA: POSICIONAMENTO DO BRASIL.

Este trabalho se propôs a analisar a configuração de mercado resultante dos investimentos estratégicos na Indústria Global de Co-geração de Energia Elétrica, integrando dois marcos teóricos (Arenas Competitivas e Campos Organizacionais). Propôs-se também a investigar quais são as principais fontes de Vantagem Competitiva do Brasil na Indústria examinada, por meio do exame das estratégias corporativas (Grupo) e estratégias competitivas (Usinas) do agronegócio sucro-alcooleiro nacional, subsidiado por fontes secundárias. Os resultados alcançados são que o Brasil está em condições de liderar esta indústria porque os Investimentos Estratégicos de suas usinas têm sido dirigidos a três atividades: Inovação, Coordenação e Gestão Ambiental. Tem um Campo Organizacional nesse setor que mantém a coordenação coesa e orienta os investimentos nos setores potenciais para atividade, que ajudam a estruturar a Arena Competitiva do Brasil.---------------------------------------------This piece was intended to analyze the market framework that came up as a result of the strategic investments driven into the CHP Global Industry by means of two integrated theoretical guides, i.e., Competitive Arenas and Organizational Fields. In addition, it attempted to find out the main sources of Brazil’s Competitive Advantage in that Industry. Here, it was helpful go through their corporative and competitive strategies (Group and Mills) in the sugarcane national agribusiness, helped by secondary sources. The findings were that Brazil could match the CHP Global Industry leadership because the strategic the companies have been driven investing for Innovation, Coordination and Environmental Management. Brazil also upholds an Organizational Field that can tie coordination and drive the investments into potential sectors for the business, which aids in building up the Competitive Arena of Brazil’s scope.Indústria Global, Energia Co-gerada, Arenas Competitivas, Campos Organizacionais, Global Industry, CHP, Competitive Arenas, Organizational Fields, Marketing,

CORRELACIONANDO TIPOS DE CULTURA ORGANIZACIONAL COM ESTRATÉGIAS DE REMUNERAÇÃO UTILIZANDO A TIPOLOGIA DE CHARLES HANDY

This study identified the correlations between compensation strategies and the organizational culture typology proposed by Handy (2003), based on the degree of formalization and centralization that identifies the culture: Zeus (power), Apollo (roles), Athena (task) and Dionysus (person). A survey was performed of compensation managers at 76 companies associated with the Salary Information Exchange Group (GRUPISA), and the questionnaires with a construct composed of twelve organizational compensation components were analyzed using Pearson’s correlation coefficient and multiple regression We concluded that the compensation variables were correlated in a different fashion with each of the culture types: (i) “Zeus” organizations should emphasize behavioral factors in all spheres of the compensation system; (ii) in the case of “Apollo” organizations the emphasis should be on growth and development opportunities; (iii) in “Athena” organizations the focus should be on financial rewards, and, “Dionysus” organizations should place emphasis on the quality of compensation.Esta investigación identificó las correlaciones entre las estrategias de remuneración y la topología de cultura organizacional propuesta por Handy (2003) basada en las dimensiones del grado de formalización y centralización que identifica la cultura: Zeus (poder), Apolo (papeles), Atena (tarea) y Dionisio (persona). La investigación fue aplicada en gestores de remuneración de 76 empresas asociadas al Grupo de Permuta de Informaciones Salariales (Grupisa), y los cuestionarios con un constructo compuesto por doce componentes de la remuneración organizacional fueron analizadas utilizando Correlación de Pearson y Regresión Múltipla. Concluimos que las variables de remuneración se correlacionan de manera distinta con cada uno de los tipos de cultura: (1) organizaciones “Zeus” deben enfatizar los factores de comportamiento en todas las esferas del sistema de remuneración; (ii) para las organizaciones “Apolo” el énfasis debe ser aplicada en las oportunidades de crecimiento y desarrollo, (iii) en las organizaciones “Atena” el foco debe ser en las recompensas financieras y (iv) organizaciones “Dionisio” deben dar énfasis a la calidad de la remuneración.Este estudo identificou as correlações entre as estratégias de remuneração e a tipologia de cultura organizacional proposta por Handy (2003) baseada nas dimensões do grau de formalização e centralização que identifica a cultura: Zeus (poder), Apolo (papéis), Atena (tarefa), e Dionísio (pessoa). A pesquisa foi aplicada a gestores de remuneração de 76 empresas associadas ao Grupo de Permuta de Informações Salariais (Grupisa), e os questionários com um construto composto por doze componentes da remuneração organizacional foram analisados utilizando Correlação de Pearson e Regressão Múltipla. Concluímos que as variáveis de remuneração se correlacionam de forma diferente com cada um dos tipos de cultura: (i) organizações “Zeus” devem enfatizar os fatores comportamentais em todas as esferas do sistema de remuneração; (ii) para as organizações “Apolo” a ênfase deve ser aplicada nas oportunidades de crescimento e desenvolvimento, (iii) nas organizações “Atena” o foco deve ser nas recompensas financeiras, e, (iv) organizações “Dionísio” devem dar ênfase à qualidade da remuneração

Dermatopathy Caused by Enterobacter aerogenes and Pseudomonas aeruginosa in Boa constrictor amarali

Background: Bacterial diseases are the main cause of the high mortality rates of snakes, especially those caused by gramnegative agents. However, studies on dermatopathy caused by these bacterial agents in snakes are scarce; and no reports have been found on Enterobacter aerogenes as causative agent of dermatopathy in snake species. Thus, the objective of this study was to describe the clinical signs, and lesion evolution of a dermatopathy in a male snake (Boa constrictor amarali) specimen of approximately seven years old; and to describe the isolation and identification of the Enterobacter aerogenes and Pseudomonas aeruginosa agents involved in the cause of this disease.Case: The Boa constrictor amarali evaluated presented blackened cutaneous lesions in the dorsal, snout-vent and tail regions; and well-defined subcutaneous nodules of 2.0-3.0 cm diameter, with soft consistency, reddish color, cutaneous flaccidity, and areas of scale ulceration in the dorsolateral region. The clinical evaluation of the animal showed dehydration signs and pale mucous membranes. The blackened lesions were subjected to mycological analysis - after procedure of deep scale scraping - which showed presence of septate hyphae. The nodule was punctured for microbiological and biochemical analysis. The sample was collected with a sterilized alginate cotton tip swab, and was stored in a plastic tube containing a semi-solid Stuart transport medium, for microbiological analysis. Then, this sample was incubated in a bacteriological oven at 37°C for 24 h. Typical colonies of Pseudomonas and Enterobacter grew on MacConkey agar medium; these bacteria were identified by the colony morphology and their typical odor. The colonies grown in MacConkey agar were also identified through biochemical tests in the mediums: Phenol red, Lysine, Phenylalanine, Citrate, Urea and SIM (Sulfide, Indole, Motility). The results of these tests were able to confirm and identify the P. aeruginosa and E. aerogenes species. The animal died within 36 h, before the identification of the causative agents of the disease, thus, no pharmacological interference was possible.Discussion: Immunodepression, malnutrition, and temperatures and humidity outside the animal thermal comfort zone, are predisposing factors for the development of bacterial diseases in reptiles. Little information about pathogen agents affecting Boa constrictor specimens in their native area is available; however, captive snakes are subject to a wide variety of diseases - most of which caused or intensified by the captivity conditions. Among the bacteria involved in reptile diseases, few are primary causative agents. In general, clinical bacterial infections tend to be secondary to viral infections. The bacterial agents found in this study are commonly described in scientific literature with location in the oral cavity, differently from the results found in this study. Moreover, the bacterium E. aerogenes has not yet been described in other studies as a causative agent of dermatopathy. Reptiles are considered reservoirs of important zoonotic microorganisms, such as P. aeruginosa, which can be transmitted by fecal contact, bites and wounds. However, the little information on P. aeruginosa in captive reptiles indicates the need for further studies to establish its zoonotic potential. A most adequate management conditions for the snake species could have decreased the severity of the lesions. The occurrence of P. aeruginosa and E. aerogenes found in this work may alert professionals for future clinical suspicions and adequate therapeutic management

Knowledge of healthcare professionals about poliomyelitis and postpoliomyelitis: a cross-sectional study

BACKGROUND Postpoliomyelitis syndrome is a clinical condition that can affect poliomyelitis survivors. OBJECTIVE Our aim was to evaluate knowledge of poliomyelitis and postpoliomyelitis syndrome among Brazilian healthcare professionals. DESIGN AND SETTING Cross-sectional study conducted at a Brazilian public higher education institution located in the state of Goiás. METHODS The participants (n = 578) were Brazilian physicians, physical therapists, nurses, nutritionists and psychologists. A self-administered questionnaire (30 questions) was designed to probe knowledge about poliomyelitis and postpoliomyelitis syndrome. From the questionnaire, we created a structured test to objectively evaluate the knowledge of these professionals. The test was composed of 20 questions and was scored over a range from 0 (totally ill-informed) to 20 (totally well-informed). RESULTS In general, the physicians, physical therapists and nurses demonstrated better understanding of poliomyelitis and postpoliomyelitis syndrome. The healthcare professionals who had received previous information about poliomyelitis and postpoliomyelitis syndrome had significantly higher scores than those who had never received information (P < 0.001). On average, this difference was approximately 28.6%. CONCLUSIONS The findings from the present study indicate that there is a critical need for improvement of knowledge about postpoliomyelitis syndrome among Brazilian healthcare professionals. The services provided by these professionals may therefore become compromised. Furthermore, public healthcare initiatives should be implemented to improve knowledge among healthcare professionals

Controladoria estratégica e gestão de fornecedores / Strategic controllership and supplier management

A Controladoria estratégica na atualidade tem apresentado um foco inteligente na gestão de fornecedores com o objetivo de aperfeiçoar a administração de suas fontes de fornecimento. A gestão de fornecedores é considerada um dos temas mais estratégicos de uma organização. Neste viés o objetivo desta pesquisa é analisar a percepção das empresas quanto à utilidade da controladoria estratégica e gestão de fornecedores como forma de diminuição dos riscos de compliance no setor de compras. A percepção sobre o uso da técnica gestão de fornecedores foi identificada por meio de levantamento em uma empresa x, na região sul fluminense, no estado do Rio de Janeiro, implantada em conformidade com autores utilizados pela empresa e explorado pelos pesquisadores. Os resultados sugerem que, na percepção dos empresários, a gestão de fornecedores auxilia no desenvolvimento de habilidades e competências, qualificação de fornecedores, auditoria e controle de todas as categorias relacionadas ao departamento de compras de uma entidade

The Methylene Blue Self-aggregation in Water/Organic Solvent Mixtures: Relationship Between Solvatochromic Properties and Singlet Oxygen Production

In this work is presented a spectrophotometric investigation focused on the solvatochromic effects upon Methylene Blue (MB). Measurements were carried out in four different water/organic solvent mixtures: low polarity protic solvent (ethanol), polar non-protic solvent (acetonitrile), highly polar protic solvent (glycerol), and non-polar solvent (dioxane). The results showed that the photophysical behavior of MB is highly affected by self-aggregates formation at 80% of water/organic solvent blends. Besides polarity, the protic character and the coordinating properties of the solvent molecules are the key parameters for its photophysical behavior, since the sulfur atom of the cationic structure can act as a coordination center due to its Lewis acid character. In fact, water and acetonitrile coordinating properties have proved to be important to determine MB interactions intensity and its spectroscopic properties as singlet oxygen emission. It was observed that an increase of the amount of the organic solvent resulted in an enhancement of the singlet oxygen emission intensity. The presence of the water increases the dielectric constant of the medium and favors the self-aggregation process. Besides, the water molecules can act as a quencher and it decreases the quantum yield of the fluorescence of MB.FAPESPCNPqFarma Service BioExtract LtdaUniv Fed Sao Joao del Rei, Dept Zootecnia DEZOO, Campus Dom Bosco, BR-36301160 Sao Joao Del Rei, MG, BrazilUniv Vale Paraiba, Ave Shishima Hifumi 2911, BR-12244000 Sao Paulo, BrazilUniv Fed Sao Paulo, Dept Quim, Rua Prof Arthur Riedel 275, BR-09972270 Sao Paulo, BrazilUniv Sao Paulo, Dept Bioquim, Inst Quim, Ave Prof Lineu Prestes 748, BR-05508900 Sao Paulo, SP, BrazilUniv Tecnol Fed Parana, Campus Apucarana,Rua Marcilio Dias 635, BR-86812460 Apucarana, Parana, BrazilUniv Fed Santa Catarina, BR-88040900 Florianopolis, SC, BrazilUniv Estadual Maringa, Dept Quim, Av Colombo 5790,Zona 07, BR-87020900 Maringa, Parana, BrazilUniv Fed Rio de Janeiro, Campus Macae,Rua Aloisio da Silva Gomes 50, BR-27930560 Rio De Janeiro, BrazilUniv Estadual Campinas, Inst Quim, BR-13083970 Sao Paulo, BrazilUniv Fed Rio Grande, Escola Quim & Alimentos, Campus Carreiros Pavilhao Quim, BR-96201900 Rio Grande, RS, BrazilUniv Fed ABC, Ctr Engn Modelagem & Ciencias Sociais Aplicadas, Ave Estados 5001, BR-09210580 Sao Paulo, BrazilUniv Fed ABC, Ctr Ciencias Nat & Humanas, Ave Estados 5001, BR-09210580 Sao Paulo, BrazilUniv Fed Sao Paulo, Dept Quim, Rua Prof Arthur Riedel 275, BR-09972270 Sao Paulo, BrazilFAPESP: JP 04/02193-1FAPESP: 02/00272-6FAPESP: 06/56701-3FAPESP: 2005/51597-8CNPq: 474019/2012-8]CNPqFarma Service BioExtract LtdaWeb of Scienc