From Infant Attachment Security to Mother-Child Emotion Dialogues: Understanding Emotion Communication in the Early Years

Researchers have become increasingly interested in understanding the developmental trajectory of attachment security from the preverbal infancy period to later verbal stages. One approach that has received much theoretical and empirical support is to examine the capacity of children and their mothers to work together in co-constructing narratives around personal and emotional events(Bretherton, 1990; Oppenheim, Koren-Karie & Sagi-Schwartz, 2007). It has been suggested (Oppenheim & Koren-Karie, 2009) that open communication between a secure dyad during infancy, involving primarily non-verbal signals, provides the basis for an open and fluid communication style in the preschool years. The secure child feels confident in exploring and sharing his thoughts and feelings with his mother because their earlier joint experiences have assured him that she will be emotionally available, supportive and accepting

Antecedents of Mother-Child Co-Construction of Coherent Narratives of Past Emotional Experiences

The purpose of this longitudinal study is to further our knowledge of the early developmental antecedents of coherent mother-child emotion dialogues in the preschool years

Louisiana Tech’s Parkinson Resource Center Nursing Student Scholars

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The evolution of sex ratio distorter suppression affects a 25 cM genomic region in the butterfly Hypolimnas bolina

Open Access ArticleSymbionts that distort their host's sex ratio by favouring the production and survival of females are common in arthropods. Their presence produces intense Fisherian selection to return the sex ratio to parity, typified by the rapid spread of host 'suppressor' loci that restore male survival/development. In this study, we investigated the genomic impact of a selective event of this kind in the butterfly Hypolimnas bolina. Through linkage mapping, we first identified a genomic region that was necessary for males to survive Wolbachia-induced male-killing. We then investigated the genomic impact of the rapid spread of suppression, which converted the Samoan population of this butterfly from a 100:1 female-biased sex ratio in 2001 to a 1:1 sex ratio by 2006. Models of this process revealed the potential for a chromosome-wide effect. To measure the impact of this episode of selection directly, the pattern of genetic variation before and after the spread of suppression was compared. Changes in allele frequencies were observed over a 25 cM region surrounding the suppressor locus, with a reduction in overall diversity observed at loci that co-segregate with the suppressor. These changes exceeded those expected from drift and occurred alongside the generation of linkage disequilibrium. The presence of novel allelic variants in 2006 suggests that the suppressor was likely to have been introduced via immigration rather than through de novo mutation. In addition, further sampling in 2010 indicated that many of the introduced variants were lost or had declined in frequency since 2006. We hypothesize that this loss may have resulted from a period of purifying selection, removing deleterious material that introgressed during the initial sweep. Our observations of the impact of suppression of sex ratio distorting activity reveal a very wide genomic imprint, reflecting its status as one of the strongest selective forces in nature.Natural Environment Research Council (NERC

Marketing relacional y calidad de servicio en Andean Technology S.C.R.L., Cusco, 2021

Esta investigación se realizó con la finalidad de establecer la relación que existe entre el marketing relacional y la calidad de servicio en Andean Technology S.C.R.L., Cusco, 2021. Esta investigación fue de tipo aplicada, diseño no experimental de corte transversal, enfoque cuantitativo, descriptivo correlacional. Como técnica se utilizó la encuesta y como instrumento un cuestionario que consistía en 26 preguntas en la escala de Likert. La población de investigación fue todos los clientes post pago móvil que reúne a 84 clientes del mes de marzo, 2021, aplicando el criterio de exclusión a los clientes deudores post pago móvil y se utilizó el muestreo probabilístico con nivel de confianza del 90% con margen de error del 10%. La muestra de investigación fue de 34 clientes. Para determinar la confiabilidad sobre la variable 1 y 2 se aplicó una prueba de niveles, con un coeficiente alfa de cronbach de 0.895 y de 0.881 respectivamente, el instrumento empleado en la prueba piloto tiene un nivel aceptable de confiabilidad. Asimismo, los datos fueron procesados utilizando la estadística descriptiva con el apoyo del programa estadístico SPPS, de los resultados se concluye que existe correlación positiva media con Rho=0,730 entre las dos variables de estudio

Análisis de la Empleabilidad para la Propuesta de una Bolsa de Trabajo para la Escuela Profesional de Administración de Empresas en la Universidad Católica de Santa María

La investigación es de tipo descriptiva, estudió el Análisis de la Empleabilidad para la propuesta de una bolsa de trabajo para la Escuela Profesional de Administración de Empresas en la Universidad Católica de Santa María. Se trabajó con una muestra de 175 egresados de la Escuela Profesional de Administración de Empresas, para lo cual se elaboró un Índice de Empleabilidad basados en las principales variables que influyen en esta. Como resultado de las encuestas, se obtuvo frecuencias distribuidas por años del 2015 al 2017, otorgándole una ponderación por cada variable establecida y así obteniendo el Índice de Empleabilidad, El resultado del Índice de los egresados va de forma descendente y requiere una solución. La solución necesaria a la baja empleabilidad de los egresados es la bolsa de trabajo EPAE, que no solo buscará incrementar la empleabilidad, si no también promover en estos las redes de contacto en el mundo laboral por medio de la elaboración de la página web. Palabras clave: índice de empleabilidad, bolsa de trabajoTesi

The Association Between Dietary Sodium Intake, ESRD, and All-Cause Mortality in Patients With Type 1 Diabetes

OBJECTIVE: Many guidelines recommend reduced consumption of salt in patients with type 1 diabetes, but it is unclear whether dietary sodium intake is associated with mortality and end-stage renal disease (ESRD). RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: In a nationwide multicenter study (the FinnDiane Study) between 1998 and 2002, 2,807 enrolled adults with type 1 diabetes without ESRD were prospectively followed. Baseline urinary sodium excretion was estimated on a 24-h urine collection. The predictors of all-cause mortality and ESRD were determined by Cox regression and competing risk modeling, respectively. RESULTS: The median follow-up for survival analyses was 10 years, during which 217 deaths were recorded (7.7%). Urinary sodium excretion was nonlinearly associated with all-cause mortality, such that individuals with the highest daily urinary sodium excretion, as well as the lowest excretion, had reduced survival. This association was independent age, sex, duration of diabetes, the presence and severity of chronic kidney disease (CKD) (estimated glomerular filtration rate [eGFR] and log albumin excretion rate), the presence of established cardiovascular disease, and systolic blood pressure. During follow-up, 126 patients developed ESRD (4.5%). Urinary sodium excretion was inversely associated with the cumulative incidence of ESRD, such that individuals with the lowest sodium excretion had the highest cumulative incidence of ESRD. CONCLUSIONS: In patients with type 1 diabetes, sodium was independently associated with all-cause mortality and ESRD. Although we have not demonstrated causality, these findings support the calls for caution before applying salt restriction universally. Clinical trials must be performed in diabetic patients to formally test the utility/risk of sodium restriction in this setting

Effects of APOE-ε4 allele load on brain morphology in a cohort of middle-aged healthy individuals with enriched genetic risk for Alzheimer's disease

INTRODUCTION: Apolipoprotein E (APOE)-ε4 is the major genetic risk factor for Alzheimer's disease. However, the dose-dependent impact of this allele on brain morphology of healthy individuals remains unclear. METHODS: We analyzed gray matter volumes (GMvs) in a sample of 533 healthy middle-aged individuals with a substantial representation of ε4-carriers (207 heterozygotes and 65 homozygotes). RESULTS: We found APOE-ε4 additive GMv reductions in the right hippocampus, caudate, precentral gyrus, and cerebellar crus. In these regions, the APOE genotype interacted with age, with homozygotes displaying lower GMv after the fifth decade of life. APOE-ε4 was also associated to greater GMv in the right thalamus, left occipital gyrus, and right frontal cortex. DISCUSSION: Our data indicate that APOE-ε4 exerts additive effects on GMv in regions relevant for Alzheimer's disease pathophysiology already in healthy individuals. These findings elucidate the mechanisms underlying the increased Alzheimer's disease risk in ε4-carriers, suggesting a dose-dependent disease vulnerability on the brain structure level

A Urbanização na Zona Costeira: Processos Locais e Regionais e as Transformações Ambientais - O Caso do Litoral Norte do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil

Urbanization has expanded the use of natural resources along the North Coast of RS, undermining its environmental quality but, on the other hand, enabling the economic and socio-cultural diversity of the region that has contributed to its development. In this sense, this research seeks to understand the urban environmental problems of the North Coast municipalities in order to contribute to guidelines for regional development within a sustainability framework. This requires: (a) analyzing the main environmental impacts of urban growth in coastal regions at different spatial scales; b) characterizing the North Coast region of Rio Grande do Sul, considering its natural characteristics, historical, demographic, and socioeconomic features and; c) identifying the environmental changes in the region. The investigation searched for analytical techniques and qualitative and quantitative data both primary and secondary. The region of the North Coast has experienced in recent years significant changes in its socio-spatial dynamics determined mainly by subdividing existing municipalities into several, urbanization and seasonal tourism. However, these changes have caused a lot of problems for an environment characterized by diverse ecosystems and high susceptibility to erosion and degradation.A urbanização ampliou a utilização dos recursos naturais do Litoral Norte do RS, comprometendo a sua qualidade ambiental e, por outro lado, possibilitou a diversificação econômica e sociocultural da região, contribuindo para o seu desenvolvimento. Neste sentido, a pesquisa busca compreender os problemas ambientais urbanos dos municípios do Litoral Norte com o intuito de contribuir com diretrizes para o desenvolvimento regional no marco da sustentabilidade. Para tanto foi necessário: (a) analisar os principais impactos ambientais do crescimento urbano em regiões costeiras em diferentes escalas espaciais; b) caracterizar a região do Litoral Norte do Rio Grande do Sul, considerando as características naturais, históricas, populacionais, socioeconômicas e; c) identificar as principais alterações ambientais da região. O trabalho investigativo procura contemplar técnicas de análise e interpretação de caráter qualitativo e quantitativo, baseadas em fontes de dados primárias e secundárias. A região do Litoral Norte apresentou nos últimos anos transformações relevantes na sua dinâmica socioespacial determinadas, principalmente, pelas emancipações, urbanização e turismo sazonal. No entanto, essas transformações ocasionaram uma série de problemas para um ambiente caracterizado por ecossistemas diversificados e de grande suscetibilidade

Expansão urbana sobre compartimentos de relevo suscetíveis à inundação: Zona Sul do município de Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul

The southern area of Porto Alegre municipality (RS) has only recently experienced urban growth. This urban expansion causes changes in the environmental dynamics which can lead to situations of high risk to its occupants. Therefore, this article has aimed the elaboration of some environmental indicators for an appropriate spatial and environmental planning for the Arroio do Salso’s watershed, southern area of Porto Alegre. This article has the purpose to present the results from research guided by the following objectives: (1) to characterize the flooding susceptible areas in the watershed, (2) to analyze the dynamic of rain the city of Porto Alegre; and, (3) to analyze the vegetation cover, land use and socio-economic and infrastructure conditions of the resident population in the study area. For this purpose, we constructed a map of susceptibility to flooding and analyzed the forms of occupation and socioeconomic characteristics of the population and infrastructure in that area. Additionally, rainfall data were collected annually, monthly and daily and we collected sediment samples for granulometric analysis in different sectors susceptible to flooding. From the analysis, one can conclude that flood related events are quite common in various locations of the municipality. The effects of concentration and urban density, the inequality of infrastructure to the residents of urban space and urban irregularities in housing location increase the susceptibility to flooding processes in areas with natural potential to that event.A zona sul do município de Porto Alegre (RS) é uma área de expansão urbana relativamente recente. Esse crescimento provoca alterações na dinâmica ambiental que, ocorrendo de maneira não planejada, pode acarretar em situações de perigo para seus ocupantes. Diante isso, esse artigo visou à elaboração de alguns indicadores ambientais para um adequado ordenamento ambiental da bacia hidrográfica do Arroio do Salso, zona sul de Porto Alegre. Esse artigo tem o intuito de apresentar os resultados obtidos a partir dos seguintes objetivos: (1) caracterizar as áreas suscetíveis à inundação na bacia hidrográfica; (2) analisar a dinâmica pluviométrica no município; e, (3) analisar a cobertura vegetal, o uso da terra e as condições socioeconômicas e de infraestrutura da população residente na bacia hidrográfica do Arroio do Salso. Para tanto, foi elaborado um mapa de suscetibilidade à inundação e analisadas as formas de ocupação e as características socioeconômica e de infraestrutura da população na referida bacia. Além disso, foram levantados dados pluviométricos anuais, mensais e diários e coletadas amostrais de sedimentos superficiais, para análise granulométrica nos diferentes setores suscetíveis à inundação. A partir das análises realizadas, pode-se concluir que são bastante comuns os eventos capazes de gerar inundações e/ou alagamentos na bacia hidrográfica do Arroio do Salso e em vários pontos do município de Porto Alegre. Os efeitos da concentração e da densidade urbana, a desigualdade nas condições de infraestrutura dos moradores do espaço urbano e as irregularidades urbanísticas aumentam a suscetibilidade aos processos de inundação em áreas com potencial natural ao referido processo