Assessment of population structure and management of Cordia dodecandra A. DC. in homegardens and tropical forest in Yucatan, Mexico

Cordia dodecandra A. DC. is an arboreal component of forests and Maya homegardens in the state of Yucatan, México. Changes in land use and landscape fragmentation have led to declines in wild populations. Understanding this species’ population structure is relevant to determining the current state of its populations and proposing strategies for its conservation. The population structure of C. dodecandra in forest and homegardens in Yucatan, and the management practices associated with the species were documented with interviews. Relative importance of the tree species in the associated vegetation was estimated. Seedling density (< 1m of height) was higher in the homegardens than the forest with an evident decrease in the density of juvenile individuals caused by practices such as weeding. In contrast, the forest contained a greater number of adult and larger individuals than in the homegardens. Individual C. dodecandra were taller in the forest, but those in the homegardens had a larger diameter at breast height. Although it has multiple uses (e.g. food, ornamental, wood) the C. dodecandra in homegardens received only minimal maintenance, possibly threatening its permanence in this system. This is concerning since the homegardens function as de facto germplasm banks for this species. Highlights Cordia dodecandra trees from homegardens have a diameter at breast height (DBH) larger than those that live in the dry forest. Cordia dodecandra trees in tropical dry forests, are taller than in homegardens. Succession data showed that tropical dry forests have more adult trees of Cordia dodecandra, and homegardens have a higher density of seedlings.Cordia dodecandra A. DC. is an arboreal component of forests and Maya homegardens in the state of Yucatan, México. Changes in land use and landscape fragmentation have led to declines in wild populations. Understanding this species’ population structure is relevant to determining the current state of its populations and proposing strategies for its conservation. The population structure of C. dodecandra in forest and homegardens in Yucatan, and the management practices associated with the species were documented with interviews. Relative importance of the tree species in the associated vegetation was estimated. Seedling density (< 1m of height) was higher in the homegardens than the forest with an evident decrease in the density of juvenile individuals caused by practices such as weeding. In contrast, the forest contained a greater number of adult and larger individuals than in the homegardens. Individual C. dodecandra were taller in the forest, but those in the homegardens had a larger diameter at breast height. Although it has multiple uses (e.g. food, ornamental, wood) the C. dodecandra in homegardens received only minimal maintenance, possibly threatening its permanence in this system. This is concerning since the homegardens function as de facto germplasm banks for this species. Highlights Cordia dodecandra trees from homegardens have a diameter at breast height (DBH) larger than those that live in the dry forest. Cordia dodecandra trees in tropical dry forests, are taller than in homegardens. Succession data showed that tropical dry forests have more adult trees of Cordia dodecandra, and homegardens have a higher density of seedlings

Effect of digestive enzymes on the bioactive properties of goat milk protein hydrolysates

The aim of this research was to study the influence of the gastrointestinal digestion on the bioactivity of goat milk protein hydrolysates prepared with subtilisin, trypsin and a combination of these two enzymes. All hydrolysates had excellent angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory activity, antioxidant activity and bile acid-binding capacity. Peptide profiles and bioactivities were mainly altered during the intestinal digestion, whereas the effect of the gastric digestion was negligible. The influence of the intestinal digestion varied depending on the hydrolysate and the bioactivity studied. In the case of ACE inhibitory activity, it exclusively decreased when peptides were produced with trypsin. In contrast, antioxidant activity and bile acid-binding capacity improved after the gastrointestinal digestion, regardless the enzymatic treatment conducted. Hydrolysis employing mixtures of subtilisin and trypsin is considered a good approach to produce peptides that maintain, or even enhance, their bioactivity after digestion.Consejería de Innovación, Ciencia y Empresa of Junta de Andalucía (project P12-AGR-1993)Consejería de Innovación, Ciencia y Empresa of Junta de Andalucía (postdoctoral position of F. Javier Espejo-Carpio - project TEP-02579

Leucemia/linfoma T del adulto en pacientes infectados con HTLV-1: reporte de dos casos de Colombia

Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL) is a malignant neoplasia of mature CD4+ T lymphocytes, resulting from infection with human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1), with several systemic and cutaneous manifestations.We present two cases of adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma, in patients from the Colombian Southwestern region, whose diagnoses were confirmed by histology, immunohistochemistry, flow cytometry, ELISA and Western blot tests. We also discuss about the virus and how to make this diagnosis in countries like Colombia.doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.7705/biomedica.v33i4.1429La leucemia/linfoma de células T del adulto (Adult T-Cell Leukemia/Lymphoma, ATLL) es una neoplasia maligna de los linfocitos T CD4 maduros, que resulta de la infección con el virus T-linfotrópico humano de tipo 1 (HTLV-1), con varias manifestaciones sistémicas y cutáneas. Se presentan dos casos de leucemia/linfoma de células T del adulto en pacientes del suroccidente de Colombia, cuyos diagnósticos fueron confirmados por histología, inmunohistoquímica, citometría de flujo y pruebas ELISA y Western blot. También, se discute acerca del virus y cómo hacer el diagnóstico en países como el nuestro. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.7705/biomedica.v33i4.142

La medicina tradicional: perspectiva turística y patrimonial

Traditional Medicine presupposes a set of knowledge and ancestral techniques on medicinal plants, which have passed from generation to generation as a way of cultural manifestation for health care, not only consists of knowledge developed by indigenous peoples, but also a integration of social logics where respect and use of nature coexist, which provides resources with properties for the possibility of healing or healing of the human being. All this is done through rituals and beliefs, where the practice and experience of the people who function as healers play a fundamental role. It is then where society gets involved and where tourism can take advantage of ancestral knowledge to dignify the ways of life of indigenous peoples and communities, especially with wellness tourism and rather from the valorization of knowledge than by current social dynamics, they are often at risk.La Medicina Tradicional presupone un conjunto de conocimientos, saberes y técnicas ancestrales sobre las plantas medicinales, que han pasado por generaciones como manera de manifestación cultural para el cuidado de la salud, no solo se conforma de conocimientos desarrollados por los pueblos indígenas, sino una integración de lógicas sociales donde coexisten el respeto y aprovechamiento de la naturaleza, misma que brinda recursos con propiedades para la posibilidad de la sanación o curación del ser humano. Todo ello se hace a través de rituales y creencias, donde la práctica y experiencia de las personas que funcionan como sanadores, juegan un papel fundamental. Es entonces donde la sociedad se involucra y el turismo puede aprovechar los saberes ancestrales para dignificar las formas de vida de pueblos y comunidades indígenas, sobre todo con el turismo de bienestar desde la valorización de conocimientos que por las dinámicas sociales actuales se ven en situación de riesgo

El significado psicológico de ciudadano , PRI y FOX

El objetivo de la presente investigación fue conocer el significado psicológico de "ciudadano" entre universitarios. Se trabajó con una muestra de 60 sujetos, distribuidos equitativamente por sexo. Las aplicaciones fueron grupales, utilizando la técnica de las redes semánticas naturales (Figueroa, González y Solís, 1981; Valdez, 1998). Los resultados obtenidos permiten observar de manera general que la tendencia de los grupos, al definir al ciudadano, fue con base en muchos elementos que giran en torno de él, pero que no necesariamente hablan de sus derechos y obligaciones. Por tanto, lo encontrado difiere de las propuestas idealistas de algunos autores, como el pensar que el ciudadano vive en sociedad buscando ayudarse los unos a los otros, lo cual, al parecer, sigue siendo una utopía

Structure, controlled release mechanisms and health benefits of pectins as an encapsulation material for bioactive food components

Encapsulation of food and feed ingredients is commonly applied to avoid the loss of functionality of bioactive food ingredients. Components that are encapsulated are usually sensitive to light, pH, oxygen or highly volatile. Also, encapsulation is also applied for ingredients that might influence taste. Many polymers from natural sources have been tested for encapsulation of foods. In the past few years, pectins have been proposed as emerging broadly applicable encapsulation materials. The reasons are that pectins are versatile and inexpensive, can be tailored to meet specific demands and provide health benefits. Emerging new insight into the chemical structure and related health benefits of pectins opens new avenues to use pectins in food and feed. To provide insight into their application potential, we review the current knowledge on the structural features of different pectins, their production and tailoring process for use in microencapsulation and gelation, and the impact of the pectin structure on health benefits and release properties in the gut, as well as processing technologies for pectin-based encapsulation systems with tailor-made functionalities. This is reviewed in view of application of pectins for microencapsulation of different sensitive food components. Although some critical factors such as tuning of controlled release of cargo in the intestine and the impact of the pectin production process on the molecular structure of pectin still need more study, current insight is that pectins provide many advantages for encapsulation of bioactive food and feed ingredients and are cost-effective

Metodologías Activas para los “Cuidados de enfermería en el adulto con problemas en la eliminación urinaria y digestiva” de la asignatura Enfermería del Adulto III. Realidad Virtual para el marcaje del estoma

Dentro de la asignatura Enfermería de Adulto III hay un contenido denominado “Cuidados de enfermería en el adulto con problemas en la eliminación urinaria y digestiva”. El cuidado del estoma digestivo es una intervención principalmente de enfermería, por lo tanto, su formación y capacitación en este campo es imprescindible para garantizar la autonomía en los pacientes con estoma digestivo. Así pues, se hace necesaria la búsqueda y el establecimiento de las mejores prácticas pedagógicas para mejorar el aprendizaje y potenciar la formación de los alumnos de Grado en Enfermería para un desempeño autónomo y pertinente a las demandas sociales vinculadas al autocuidado de los pacientes con estoma digestivo. Por esta razón se elabora el presente proyecto, cuyo objetivo principal consiste en implementar las metodologías activas (MA) como estrategia didáctica para mejorar el nivel de enseñanza/aprendizaje en los estudiantes de Grado en Enfermería en el abordaje de las personas con estoma digestivo y analizar si estas metodologías mejoran su aprendizaje. Dentro de la gran variedad de métodos de aprendizaje activo, se ha seleccionado el Flipped Classroom (aula invertida), la Gamificación y la Realidad Virtual. El interés en estas MA se debe a su carácter innovador y por estar en pleno apogeo didáctico, además de los resultados relevantes mostrados en diferentes acciones formativas y los múltiples beneficios para el desarrollo del aprendizaje del alumno. Para alcanzar los objetivos propuestos, se organizará un seminario que se impartirá en los Campus Universitarios de Ceuta, Melilla y Granada. En una primera sesión se presentará el proyecto a los docentes encargados de la asignatura y se tendrá una primera toma de contacto con los alumnos, explicándoles cómo se va a desarrollar la acción formativa, así como la posibilidad de otorgar o no su consentimiento de participación. Tras finalizar la experiencia se llevará a cabo la evaluación de los resultados obtenidos, así como el impacto que han tenido las sesiones en los estudiantes a través de una encuesta de satisfacción

Adjuvant dabrafenib and trametinib for patients with resected BRAF-mutated melanoma: DESCRIBE-AD real-world retrospective observational study

BRAF and MEK inhibitor, dabrafenib plus trametinib, adjuvant therapy is effective for high-risk resected melanoma patients with BRAF-V600 mutations. However, real-world evidence is limited. We aimed to determine the feasibility of this therapy in routine clinical practice. DESCRIBE-AD, a retrospective observational study, collected real-world data from 25 hospitals in Spain. Histologically confirmed and resected BRAF-mutated melanoma patients aged & GE;18 years who were previously treated with dabrafenib plus trametinib adjuvant therapy, were included. The primary objectives were treatment discontinuation rate and time to discontinuation. The secondary objectives included safety and efficacy. From October 2020 to March 2021, 65 patients were included. Dabrafenib and trametinib discontinuation rate due to treatment-related adverse events (TRAEs) of any grade was 9%. Other reasons for discontinuation included patients' decisions (6%), physician decisions (6%), unrelated adverse events (3%), disease progression (5%), and others (5%). The median time to treatment discontinuation was 9 months [95% confidence interval (CI), 5-11]. G3-4 TRAEs occurred in 21.5% of patients, the most common being pyrexia (3%), asthenia (3%), and diarrhoea (3%). Unscheduled hospitalisations and clinical tests occurred in 6 and 22% of patients, respectively. After 20-month median follow-up (95% CI, 18-22), 9% of patients had exitus due to disease progression, with a 12-month relapse-free survival and overall survival rates of 95.3% and 100%, respectively. Dabrafenib and trametinib adjuvant therapy proved effective for melanoma patients in a real-world setting, with a manageable toxicity profile. Toxicity frequencies were low leading to low incidence of unscheduled medical visits, tests, and treatment discontinuations

Anti-Spike antibodies 3 months after SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine booster dose in patients on hemodialysis: the prospective SENCOVAC study

Background: Patients on hemodialysis are at high-risk for complications derived from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The present analysis evaluated the impact of a booster vaccine dose and breakthrough severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infections on humoral immunity 3 months after the booster dose. Methods: This is a multicentric and prospective study assessing immunoglobulin G anti-Spike antibodies 6 and 9 months after initial SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in patients on hemodialysis that had also received a booster dose before the 6-month assessment (early booster) or between the 6- and 9-month assessments (late booster). The impact of breakthrough infections, type of vaccine, time from the booster and clinical variables were assessed. Results: A total of 711 patients [67% male, median age (range) 67 (20-89) years] were included. Of these, 545 (77%) received an early booster and the rest a late booster. At 6 months, 64 (9%) patients had negative anti-Spike antibody titers (3% of early booster and 29% of late booster patients, P =. 001). At 9 months, 91% of patients with 6-month negative response had seroconverted and there were no differences in residual prevalence of negative humoral response between early and late booster patients (0.9% vs 0.6%, P =. 693). During follow-up, 35 patients (5%) developed breakthrough SARS-CoV-2 infection. Antibody titers at 9 months were independently associated with mRNA-1273 booster (P =. 001), lower time from booster (P =. 043) and past breakthrough SARS-CoV-2 infection (P <. 001). Conclusions: In hemodialysis patients, higher titers of anti-Spike antibodies at 9 months were associated with mRNA-1273 booster, lower time from booster and past breakthrough SARS-CoV-2 infectionThe present project has been supported by Fresenius Medical Care, Diaverum, Vifor Pharma, Vircell, Fundación Renal Iñigo Álvarez de Toledo and ISCIII FEDER funds RICORS2040 (RD21/0005